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python@2 formula was provided until the end of 2019, at which point it was removed due to the Python 2 deprecation.
Important: If you choose to use a Python which isn’t either of these two (system Python or brewed Python), the Homebrew team cannot support any breakage that may occur.
python@3.y).
Important: Python may be upgraded to a newer version at any time. Consider using a version
manager such as pyenv if you require stability of minor or patch versions for virtual environments.
The executables are organised as follows:
●python3 points to Homebrew’s Python 3.y (if installed)
●pip3 points to Homebrew’s Python 3.y’s pip (if installed)
Unversioned symlinks for python, python-config, pip etc. are installed here:
$(brew --prefix)/opt/python/libexec/bin
pip3) and Setuptools.
Setuptools can be updated via pip3, without having to re-brew Python:
python3 -m pip install --upgrade setuptools
python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip
site-packages and the PYTHONPATH
site-packages is a directory that contains Python modules, including bindings installed by other formulae. Homebrew creates it here:
$(brew --prefix)/lib/pythonX.Y/site-packages
/usr/local/lib/python3.y/site-packages.
Python 3.y also searches for modules in:
●/Library/Python/3.y/site-packages
●~/Library/Python/3.y/lib/python/site-packages
Homebrew’s site-packages directory is first created (1) once any Homebrew formulae with Python bindings are installed, or (2) upon brew install python.
brew --prefix, so we don’t spam your system.
import <module> from a brewed Python if you ran brew install <formula_with_python_bindings> against the system Python. If you decide to switch to the brewed Python, then reinstall all formulae with Python bindings (e.g. pyside, wxwidgets, pyqt, pygobject3, opencv, vtk and boost-python).
pip install <package>. To discover, you can use pip searchorhttps://pypi.org.
Note: macOS’s system Python does not provide pip. Follow the pip documentation to install it for your system Python if you would like it.
pip3orpython3 setup.py install will be installed to the $(brew --prefix)/lib/pythonX.Y/site-packages directory (explained above). Executable Python scripts will be in $(brew --prefix)/bin.
Since the system Python may not know which compiler flags to set when building bindings for software installed by Homebrew, you may need to run:
CFLAGS="-I$(brew --prefix)/include" LDFLAGS="-L$(brew --prefix)/lib" pip install <package>
brew install formulae that provide Python bindings, you should not be in an active virtual environment.
Activate the virtualenv after you’ve brewed, or brew in a fresh terminal window.
This will ensure Python modules are installed into Homebrew’s site-packages and not into that of the virtual environment.
Virtualenv has a --system-site-packages switch to allow “global” (i.e. Homebrew’s) site-packages to be accessible from within the virtualenv.
python formula are bottled against Homebrew’s Python 3.y and require it to be installed.
