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Brazil |
| Region | South America | |
| Population (000, 2021) | 213 993a | |
| Pop. density (per km2, 2021) | 25.6a | |
| Capital city | Brasilia | |
| Capital city pop. (000, 2021) | 4 559.0c,b | |
| UN membership date | 24-Oct-45 | |
| Surface area (km2) | 8 515 767b | |
| Sex ratio (m per 100 f) | 96.5a | |
| National currency | Brazilian Real (BRL) | |
| Exchange rate (per US$) | 5.2d |
| 2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
| GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$) | 2 208 838 | 1 802 212 | 1 847 796b |
| GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices) | 7.5 | -3.5 | 1.1b |
| GDP per capita (current US$) | 11 286.1 | 8 814.0 | 8 755.3b |
| Economy: Agriculturee (% of Gross Value Added) | 4.8 | 5 | 5.2b |
| Economy: Industryf,g (% of Gross Value Added) | 27.4 | 22.5 | 20.9b |
| Economy: Services and other activityh (% of GVA) | 67.8 | 72.5 | 73.9b |
| Employment in agriculture (% of employed) | 12.6i | 10.2 | 9.1i,d |
| Employment in industry (% of employed) | 22.5i | 22.2 | 19.6i,d |
| Employment in services (% employed) | 64.8i | 67.6 | 71.3i,d |
| Unemploymenti (% of labour force) | 7.7 | 8.4 | 12d |
| Labour force participation ratei (female/male pop. %) | 53.5 / 76.5 | 53.3 / 75.3 | 54.0 / 73.9d |
| CPI: Consumer Price Indexj (2010=100) | 100 | 138 | 173d |
| Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100) | 89 | 102 | 110b |
| International trade: exportsk (million current US$) | 201 915 | 191 127 | 209 180d |
| International trade: importsk (million current US$) | 181 768 | 171 446 | 166 336d |
| International trade: balancek (million current US$) | 20 147 | 19 681 | 42 844d |
| Balance of payments, current account (million US$) | - 79 237 | - 54 789 | - 24 074d |
| 2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
| Population growth ratel (average annual %) | 1 | 0.9 | 0.8d |
| Urban population (% of total population) | 84.3 | 85.8 | 86.8b |
| Urban population growth ratel (average annual %) | 1.4 | 1.2 | ... |
| Fertility rate, totall (live births per woman) | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.7d |
| Life expectancy at birthl (females/males, years) | 76.6 / 69.1 | 78.0 / 70.7 | 79.3 / 71.9d |
| Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %) | 24.8 / 10.2 | 22.4 / 12.0 | 20.5 / 14.5a |
| International migrant stockm (000/% of total pop.) | 592.6 / 0.3 | 710.3 / 0.3 | 1 079.7 / 0.5d |
| Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000) | 5.2n | 66 | 407.8d |
| Infant mortality ratel (per 1 000 live births) | 20.3 | 15.8 | 13d |
| Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP) | 7.9 | 8.9 | 9.5o |
| Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.) | 1.8 | 1.9p | 2.3b |
| Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP) | 5.6 | 6.2 | 6.3q |
| Education: Primary gross enrol. ratioi (f/m per 100 pop.) | 128.2 / 133.9r | 111.0 / 115.7 | 112.9 / 116.0o |
| Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratioi (f/m per 100 pop.) | 102.1 / 91.5r | 103.4 / 97.9 | 106.7 / 103.4o |
| Education: Upper secondary gross enrol. ratioi (f/m per 100 pop.) | 99.5 / 79.5r | 99.3 / 84.8 | 104.4 / 92.0o |
| Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.) | 22.1 | 28.6 | 27.4o |
| Seats held by women in national parliaments (%) | 8.8 | 9 | 15.2s |
| 2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
| Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants) | 40.6t,u | 58.3 | 73.9b |
| Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP) | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.2o |
| Threatened species (number) | 773 | 966 | 1 705 |
| Forested areai (% of land area) | 61.2 | 60.3 | 59.7o |
| CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita) | 372.0 / 1.9 | 453.7 / 2.2 | 406.5 / 1.9o |
| Energy production, primary (Petajoules) | 10 116 | 11 567 | 12 538o |
| Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules) | 56 | 61 | 58o |
| Tourist/visitor arrivals at national bordersv (000) | 5 161 | 6 306 | 6 353b |
| Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%) | 42.1 | 42.9 | 43.8d |
| Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %) | 83.4 / 56.4 | 85.1 / 62.9 | 87.8 / 71.8d |
| Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural %) | 42.2 / ... | 46.1 / ... | 50.7 / ...d |
| Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI) | 0.02 | 0.06 | 0.02b |
| a | Projected estimate (medium fertility variant). | |
| b | 2019 | |
| c | Refers to the "Região Integrada de Desenvolvimento do Distrito Federal e Entorno". | |
| d | 2020 | |
| e | Excludes irrigation canals and landscaping care. | |
| f | Includes irrigation canals. | |
| g | Excludes publishing activities. | |
| h | Excludes repair of personal and household goods. | |
| i | Estimate. | |
| j | Calculated by the UN Statistics Division from national indices. | |
| k | Imports FOB. | |
| l | Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year. | |
| m | Including refugees. | |
| n | Data as at the end of December. | |
| o | 2018 | |
| p | 2013 | |
| q | 2017 | |
| r | 2009 | |
| s | Data are as at 1 January of reporting year. | |
| t | Users in the last 3 months. | |
| u | Population aged 10 years and over. | |
| v | Including nationals residing abroad. |