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Line 142: === Urinary tract infections === A 2023 review of 50 studies concluded there is evidence that consuming cranberry products is effective for reducing the risk of [[urinary tract infection]]s (UTIs) in women with recurrent UTIs, in children, and in people susceptible to UTIs following clinical interventions; in this same review, there was little evidence of effect in elderly people, those with [[Urination#Disorders\|urination disorders]], or pregnant women.<ref>{{Cite journal \|last=Williams \|first=Gabrielle \|last2=Stothart \|first2=Christopher I. \|last3=Hahn \|first3=Deirdre \|last4=Stephens \|first4=Jacqueline H. \|last5=Craig \|first5=Jonathan C. \|last6=Hodson \|first6=Elisabeth M. \|date=2023-11-10 \|title=Cranberries for preventing urinary tract infections \|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37947276 \|journal=The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews \|volume=11 \|issue=11 \|pages=CD001321 \|doi=10.1002/14651858.CD001321.pub7 \|issn=1469-493X \|pmc=10636779 \|pmid=37947276}}</ref>▼ Reviews reaching differing conclusions have been reported on whether consumption of cranberry products is effective for treating [[urinary tract infection]]s (UTIs) particularly in women, but also in other subject groups.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal \|last=Jepson \|first=Ruth G. \|last2=Mihaljevic \|first2=Lara \|last3=Craig \|first3=Jonathan C. \|date=2023-12-14 \|title=Cranberries for treating urinary tract infections \|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38096261 \|journal=The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews \|volume=12 \|issue=12 \|pages=CD001322 \|doi=10.1002/14651858.CD001322.pub2 \|issn=1469-493X \|pmc=10721117 \|pmid=38096261}}</ref> When the quality of [[meta-analysis\|meta-analyses]] on the efficacy of consuming cranberry products for preventing or treating UTIs is examined with the weaker evidence that is available, large variation and uncertainty of effects are seen, resulting from inconsistencies of [[clinical research]] design and inadequate numbers of subjects.<ref name="liska">{{cite journal\|pmc=4863270\|year=2016\|last1=Liska\|first1=D. J.\|title=Cranberries and Urinary Tract Infections: How Can the Same Evidence Lead to Conflicting Advice?\|journal=Advances in Nutrition\|volume=7\|issue=3\|pages=498–506\|last2=Kern\|first2=H. J.\|last3=Maki\|first3=K. C.\|doi=10.3945/an.115.011197\|pmid=27184277}}</ref> In 2014, the [[European Food Safety Authority]] reviewed the evidence for one brand of cranberry extract and concluded that a [[causality\|cause and effect relationship]] had not been established between cranberry consumption and reduced risk of UTIs.<ref name="efsa">{{cite journal \|author=EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) \|title=Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of a health claim related to CranMax® and reduction of the risk of urinary tract infection by inhibiting the adhesion of certain bacteria in the urinary tract pursuant to Article 14 of Regulation (EC) No 1924/20061 \|journal=EFSA Journal \|date=May 2014 \|volume=12 \|issue=5 \|id=3657 \|doi=10.2903/j.efsa.2014.3657 \|doi-access=free }}</ref> ▲A 2023 review of 50 studies concluded there is evidence that consuming cranberry products is effective for reducing the risk of UTIs in women with recurrent UTIs, in children, and in people susceptible to UTIs following clinical interventions; in this same review, there was little evidence of effect in elderly people, those with [[Urination#Disorders\|urination disorders]], or pregnant women.<ref>{{Cite journal \|last=Williams \|first=Gabrielle \|last2=Stothart \|first2=Christopher I. \|last3=Hahn \|first3=Deirdre \|last4=Stephens \|first4=Jacqueline H. \|last5=Craig \|first5=Jonathan C. \|last6=Hodson \|first6=Elisabeth M. \|date=2023-11-10 \|title=Cranberries for preventing urinary tract infections \|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37947276 \|journal=The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews \|volume=11 \|issue=11 \|pages=CD001321 \|doi=10.1002/14651858.CD001321.pub7 \|issn=1469-493X \|pmc=10636779 \|pmid=37947276}}</ref> === Phytochemicals===

Cranberry: Difference between revisions

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