De Rotterdam: Difference between revisions

| name = De Rotterdam

| image status = De_Rotterdam_across_the_Nieuwe_Maas.jpgFinished

| captionimage = South-side of De Rotterdam, September 2019 - 01.jpg

| map_typecaption = North-side =of NetherlandsDe Rotterdam

| map_altlocation = [[Rotterdam]] ([[Kop van =Zuid|Wilhelmina Pier]])

| highest_startstart_date = 2009

| highest_end completion_date = 2013

| highest_nextowner = Deka Immobilien

| locationcost = [[Rotterdam]] ([[Kop van ZuidEuro|Wilhelmina Pier€]])340,000,000

| start_date top_floor = 2009

| completion_datefloor_count = 201344

| opening references = 2013

| architectural highest_start =

| roof highest_next =

| top_floor map_type = Netherlands Rotterdam

| observatorymap_alt =

| floor_areaheight = {{convert|160000|m2|sqft|0|abbr=on}} 150 m

| workmain_contractor =

| main_contractoropening = 2013

| developerwork =

| ownerweight = 230,000 =t

[[File:De rotterdam in aanbouw juni 2012.JPG|{{largethumb}}upright=1.35|thumb|June 2012: De Rotterdam under construction, as seen from the [[Erasmusbrug|Erasmus Bridge]]. Left the [[KPN Tower]], right [[New Orleans (Rotterdam)|New Orleans]]. The low rise in front is the [[Rotterdam Cruise Terminal]].]]

'''De Rotterdam''' is a building on the [[Kop van Zuid|Wilhelminapier]] in [[Rotterdam]], designed by the [[RemOffice Koolhaasfor Metropolitan Architecture]] in 1998 and developed by Edge. The complex is located between the [[KPN Tower]] and [[Rotterdam Cruise Terminal]] and was finalized at the end of 2013. On 21 November 2013, the municipality of Rotterdam, as the largest user, received the keys. The design provides space for offices, a hotel and apartments. The 44 floors amount to a total floor space area of about 160,000 m²,<ref>{{nlin iconlang|nl}} "[http://www.dearchitect.nl/nieuws/2013/11/22/oplevering-de-rotterdam-koolhaas/de-rotterdam-opgeleverd.html De Rotterdam opgeleverd] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131126123231/http://www.dearchitect.nl/nieuws/2013/11/22/oplevering-de-rotterdam-koolhaas/de-rotterdam-opgeleverd.html |date=2013-11-26 }}", ''de Architect'', 22 novemberNovember 2013.</ref> making it one of the largest buildingsbuilding in the Netherlands.<ref name=wmag/>

==RealizationRealisation==

Construction began in 2009, when the municipality committed itself to hire 25,000 m² of the office space. The highest point (at 149 meters) was reached at the end of 2012, and the building was ready on its scheduled date of November15 15thNovember 2013.<ref name="top010">{{nlin iconlang|nl}} [http://www.top010.nl/html/de_rotterdam_koolhaas.htm De Rotterdam], top010.nl. Retrieved on 28 November 2013</ref><ref name="kopvanzuid">{{nlin iconlang|nl}} [http://www.kopvanzuid.info/?id=21 De Rotterdam] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100104062743/http://www.kopvanzuid.info/?id=21 |date=2010-01-04 }}, Kopvanzuid.info.</ref><ref>{{nlin iconlang|nl}} "Op het topje van het grootste gebouw van Nederland", ''[[Algemeen Dagblad]]'', 19 July 2013.</ref> The total cost at the start of construction in 2009 was estimated to be €340,000,000.<ref>{{nlin iconlang|nl}} "[http://www.parool.nl/parool/nl/6/WONEN/article/detail/252960/2009/07/10/Groot-project-Rem-Koolhaas-in-Rotterdam.dhtml Groot project Rem Koolhaas in Rotterdam]", ''[[Het Parool]]'', 10 July 2009.</ref>

[[Rem Koolhaas]], who once considered a career in film, reasoned that the most frequent view of these structures would be in motion, from the window of a car.<ref name=wmag/> As the view changes, the towers, rising from a shared six-story plinth, separate and then merge.<ref name=wmag>{{cite news|last=Lubow|first=Arthur|title=Rem Koolhaas Is Not a Starchitect|url=http://www.wmagazine.com/culture/art-and-design/2014/06/rem-koolhaas-venice-architecture-biennale/photos/|accessdate=13 October 2015|newspaper=The W Magazine|date=9 June 2014|archive-date=12 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161212051601/http://www.wmagazine.com/culture/art-and-design/2014/06/rem-koolhaas-venice-architecture-biennale/photos/|url-status=dead}}</ref> The building consists of three interconnected towers that share a thirty feet high base which includes six floors.<ref name = "OVG">{{nlin iconlang|nl}} [http://www.ovg.nl/blog/de_rotterdam_verticale_stad_van_rem_koolhaas_op_hoogste_punt De Rotterdam: Verticale stad van Rem Koolhaas op hoogste punt], OVG Real Estate. Retrieved on 18 November 2013.</ref> The lower two layers form a large glass [[plinth]]. At about 90 meters above ground the towers -– known as West Tower, Mid Tower and East Tower-Tower– are shifted a few meters in different directions, which enhances the [[wind stability]] and provides space for terraces.<ref name="top010"/> In the original design the towers did not touch each other, but in order to simplify the play of forces and to keep the construction affordable they are now connected in a few places.

The facade provides the option of natural ventilation. On the west side there are balconies that are accessible from the appartmentsapartments.

De Rotterdam is designed for residency, labor and leisure. The largest part is intended as office space and residency. It has 240 apartments, 72,000 m² of offices, conference rooms and an underground parking with two floors providing over 670684 parking spaces<ref name="top010"/> There is also a hotel with 285 rooms and 1500 m² is assigned to cafes and restaurants. For fitness facilities 2,500 m² is reserved and for shops 5,000 m². The functions are grouped into blocks, but the different user groups meet at various places in the building, a concept that is defined by the [[Office for Metropolitan Architecture|architectural firm OMA]] as a vertical city.<ref>{{in lang|nl icon}} {{aut|Sander Pleij}}, "[http://www.vn.nl/Archief/Samenleving/Artikel-Samenleving/Architectuur-de-verticale-stad.htm Architectuur: de verticale stad]", ''[[Vrij Nederland]]'', 14 June 2013.</ref> De Rotterdam will be used daily by about 5,000 people<ref name="OVG"/> and with a [[floor space index]] of 32 De Rotterdam forms the most densely built part of the Netherlands.

[[Category:BuildingsOffice and structuresbuildings completed in 2013]]

[[Category:Buildings and structuresSkyscrapers in Rotterdam]]

[[Category:SkyscrapersSkyscraper inoffice thebuildings in NetherlandsRotterdam]]

[[Category:SkyscrapersResidential betweenskyscrapers 100in andthe 149 metersNetherlands]]