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Herodias' second husband was [[Herod Antipas]] (born before 20 BC; died after 39 AD) half-brother of Herod II (her first husband). He is best known today for his role in events that led to the executions of [[John the Baptist]] and [[Jesus|Jesus of Nazareth]].
Antipas divorced his first wife [[Phasa'el|Phasaelis]], the daughter of King [[Aretas IV Philopatris|Aretas IV]] of [[Nabatea]], in favor of Herodias. According to biblical scholars, the [[Gospel of Matthew]]<ref>Matthew 14:3–12</ref> and the [[Gospel of Luke]],<ref>Luke 3:18–20</ref> it was this proposed marriage which John the Baptist publicly criticized. Aside from provoking his conflict with the Baptist, the tetrarch's divorce added a personal grievance to previous disputes with Aretas over territory on the border of Perea and Nabatea. Aretas sent an army to punish Antipas, and was joined in this endeavor by auxiliary troops from the province of Syria. Josephus calls these troops 'fugitives',<ref>{{cite book |last1=Josephus |first1=Flavius |title=The Antiquities of the Jews |page=XVIII.5.1 }}</ref> while [[Movses Khorenatsi|Moses of Chorene]] says they were the army of King [[Abgar V|Abgarus V]] of Edessa, under the command of commander Khosran Ardzrouni.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Moses |first1=Chorene |title=History of Armenia |page=2.29 }}</ref>
The result of this war proved disastrous for Antipas; a Roman counter-offensive was ordered by Tiberius, but abandoned upon that emperor's death in 37 AD. In 39 AD Antipas was accused by his nephew/brother-in-law [[Agrippa I]] of conspiracy against the new Roman emperor [[Caligula]], who sent him into exile in [[Roman Gaul|Gaul]]. Accompanied there by Herodias, he died at an unknown date. It is uncertain if Herodias had any children by her second husband, Herod Antipas.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Josephus |first1=Flavius |title=The Antiquities of the Jews |page=XVIII.7.2 }}</ref>
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