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{{Short description|Former housing estate in London}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=
{{Infobox housing project
|building name = Heygate Estate
|image = [[File:Heygate Estate from Strata SE1 tower.jpg|250px]]
|caption = Aerial view of the Heygate Estate
|location = [[Elephant
|coordinates = {{Coord|51|29|35|N|0|05|46|W|display=inline,title}}
|status = Demolished
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}}
The '''Heygate Estate''' was a large [[housing estate]] in [[Walworth]], [[London Borough of Southwark|Southwark]], [[South London]], comprising
The clearance of the site and its sale to [[Lendlease]] for redevelopment was highly controversial.
==
The [[Le Corbusier|Corbusian]] concept behind the construction of the estate was of a modern living environment. The neo-brutalist architectural aesthetic was one of tall, concrete blocks dwarfing smaller blocks, surrounding central communal gardens. The architect's concept was to link all areas of the estate via concrete bridges, so there was no need for residents to walk on pavements or along roads. In fact, it was even planned to build bridges{{citation needed|date=April 2014}} to the neighbouring [[Aylesbury Estate]], further south in [[Walworth]].
Designed by Tim Tinker,<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.theguardian.com/society/2011/mar/04/death-housing-ideal | location=London | work=The Guardian | first=Stephen | last=Moss | title=The death of a housing ideal | date=4 March 2011}}</ref> the estate was completed in 1974.<ref name=guardian>{{cite news | url=https://www.theguardian.com/theobserver/2001/dec/23/life1.lifemagazine1 | title=The Elephant's grave yard |
The estate was once a popular place to live, the flats being thought light and spacious,<ref name="Walker">{{cite news | url=https://www.theguardian.com/society/2010/sep/03/heygate-estate-south-london-hollywood | title=South London's Heygate estate mourned by locals – and Hollywood |
==Regeneration==
In 1999 Southwark council's Director of Regeneration Fred Manson sparked controversy when in an interview about the Elephant & Castle regeneration he claimed that "social housing generates people on low incomes coming in and that generates poor school performances, middle-class people stay away."<ref>{{cite news|last=Orr|first=Deborah|title=A blueprint for the rich|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/a-blueprint-for-the-rich-1103116.html|
The [[Elephant
Heygate residents were originally promised new homes as part of the regeneration, but these had not been built by the time they were 'decanted' from the estate in 2007.<ref>{{cite news|last=Moss|first=Stephen|title=Death of a Housing Ideal|url=https://www.theguardian.com/society/2011/mar/04/death-housing-ideal|work=
In March 2010 only 20 of the 1200 flats were still occupied.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/living-in-ghostland-the-last-heygate-residents-1930054.html | location=London | title=Living in Ghostland: the last Heygate residents|date=29 March 2010| work=The Independent}}</ref>
A council blunder in February 2013 revealed that
[[File:E&Cregeneration.jpg|thumb|322x322px|Demolition of the Heygate Estate and construction of Elephant Central – May 2014]]
Earlier regeneration plans had included a proposal for redevelopment of the estate under the auspices of a [[
In February 2013 the last remaining residents on the estate appeared at a public inquiry into the Compulsory Purchase Order issued on their homes.<ref>{{cite web|last=Jon|first=Land|title=Feelings Run High as Heygate estate Public Inquiry Closes|url=http://www.24dash.com/news/housing/2013-02-11-feelings-running-high-as-heygate-estate-public-inquiry-closes|publisher=Dash24|
The Compulsory Purchase Order was confirmed in July 2013 amid reports
In September 2013 a [[London Assembly]] report
In November 2013 the last resident was removed and all access points to the estate were closed.<ref name="deathknell">{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/society/2013/nov/04/bailiffs-death-knell-heygate-estate|title=Bailiffs will sound death knell for vast Heygate estate in London|author=Peter Walker|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=4 November 2013}}</ref> Ian Steadman wrote in the ''New Statesman'' that "What has happened here is that Southwark Council has lost money on evicting the Heygate Estate for the benefit of Lendlease, with no prospect of getting anything in return for it. In the process, an established community has been scattered throughout the borough and beyond."<ref>{{cite news |last1=Steadman |first1=Ian |title=Look to the Heygate Estate for what's wrong with London's housing |url=https://www.newstatesman.com/politics/2013/11/look-heygate-estate-whats-wrong-londons-housing |access-date=3 September 2021 |work=newstatesman.com |date=6 November 2013 |language=en}}</ref>
In December 2013 the [[Design Council]] published an article, "''in defence of the Heygate estate''", in which it praised the architectural design, questioned the demolition and asserted that the estate "''could have enjoyed a second life''".<ref>{{cite web|last1=Bender|first1=Thomas|title=In Defence of the Heygate estate|url=http://www.designcouncil.org.uk/news-opinion/defence-heygate-estate|website=
===Timeline of developments===
February 2004 —<ref>{{cite news|last=Dangerfield|first=Andy|title=Heygate Estate residents fight compulsory purchase order|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-19371334|
July 2007
July 2010
April 2011
August 2012
October 2012
November 2013
July 2014
July 2014
==
Due to its [[urban decay]] and location, the estate has been extensively used as a filming location. Films and TV productions have included ''[[Attack the Block]]'', ''[[Shank (2010 film)|Shank]]'',<ref name=southpress>{{cite web|url=http://www.icsouthlondon.co.uk/tn/News.cfm?id=36494 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20110724171706/http://www.icsouthlondon.co.uk/tn/News.cfm?id=36494 |url-status=dead |archive-date=24 July 2011 |title=Controversial new film 'Shank' causes a stir on the Heygate Estate |publisher=South London Press
The Skygarden Estate in [[Ben Aaronovitch]]'s book ''[[Broken Homes]]'' is based on the Heygate Estate.<ref>''Architectural and Historical Notes'' – Appendix to Ben Aaronovitch: "Broken Homes", London 2014, {{ISBN|978 1 473 20313 6}}</ref> The Salisbury Estate in [[Mike Carey (writer)|Mike Carey]]'s ''Thicker Than Water'' blends the features of the Heygate Estate and the Aylesbury Estate.
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===Buses===
The estate was served by [[London Buses]] routes [[London Buses route
[[London Buses route 53|53]], [[London Buses route 63|63]], [[London Buses route 68|68]], [[London Buses route 136|136]], [[London Buses route 148|148]], [[London Buses route 168|168]], [[London Buses route 171|171]], [[London Buses route 172|172]], [[London Buses route 176|176]], [[London Buses route 188|188]], [[London Buses route 343|343]], [[London Buses route 363|363]], [[London Buses route 453|453]], [[London Buses route 468|468]] and [[London Buses route P5|P5]].
===London
The nearest station was [[Elephant & Castle tube station|Elephant & Castle]] on the [[Bakerloo line|Bakerloo]] and [[Northern line|Northern]] lines.
===National
The nearest station was [[Elephant & Castle railway station|Elephant & Castle]] for [[Southeastern (train operating company)|Southeastern]]
services towards [[Ashford International railway station|Ashford International]], [[Bedford railway station|Bedford]], [[Dover Priory railway station|Dover Priory]], [[
==
* [[Aylesbury Estate]]
* [[Ferrier Estate]]
==References==
{{Reflist
==External links==
{{commons category}}
* [http://www.southwark.gov.uk/info/200183/elephant_and_castle/ E&C Regeneration] – Southwark Council website
* [http://livefromtheheygate.blogspot.com/ Live from The Heygate]
{{Major Development Projects in London}}
{{Public housing in the United Kingdom}}
[[Category:1974 establishments in England]]
[[Category:Residential buildings completed in 1974]]
[[Category:Housing estates in the London Borough of Southwark]]
[[Category:Demolished buildings and structures in London]]
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