Horsehair crab: Difference between revisions

The '''horsehair crab''', '''''Erimacrus isenbeckii''''', (Japanese: ケガニ ''kegani''), is a species of [[crab]] which is found mainly in the east [[Pacific Ocean|Pacific]], around the [[Hokkaido]] coast in the [[Sea of Okhotsk]] and the eastern Bering Sea and is frequently used in [[Japanese cuisine]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=98665#null|title=ITIS Standard Report Page: Erimacrus isenbeckii|website=www.itis.gov|access-date=2019-04-13}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.sealifebase.org/summary/Erimacrus-isenbeckii.html|title=Erimacrus isenbeckii, hair crab : fisheries|website=www.sealifebase.org|access-date=2019-04-13}}</ref>They are commonly found on sandy [[Benthic zone|benthic]] environments from shallow water to depths of up to 350 meters in water temperatures of around 15 degrees.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Azuma|first=Noriko|last2=Kunihiro|first2=Yasushi|last3=Sasaki|first3=Jun|last4=Mihara|first4=Eiji|last5=Mihara|first5=Yukio|last6=Yasunaga|first6=Tomoaki|last7=Jin|first7=Deuk-Hee|last8=Abe|first8=Syuiti|date=2008-1|title=Genetic Variation and Population Structure of Hair Crab (Erimacrus isenbeckii ) in Japan Inferred from Mitochondrial DNA Sequence Analysis|url=http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10126-007-9033-1|journal=Marine Biotechnology|language=en|volume=10|issue=1|pages=39–48|doi=10.1007/s10126-007-9033-1|issn=1436-2228}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal|date=1999-01-01|title=EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE HAIR CRAB ERIMACRUS ISENBECKII|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/193724099x00277|journal=Journal of Crustacean Biology|volume=19|issue=1|pages=77–83|doi=10.1163/193724099x00277|issn=0278-0372}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.crabs.ru/russia/fam_cheiragonidae_erimacrus_isenbeckii.htm|title=Crabs of Russia, crab Erimacrus isenbeckii (Brandt, 1848) (Decapoda: Brachyura: Cheiragonidae), 3 photo|website=www.crabs.ru|access-date=2019-04-13}}</ref> ▼

=== Life Cycle ===▼

The embryonic development of the species can be divided into 9 stages, each defined by cleavage and formation of distinct appendages. To incubate the eggs after spawning, females attach them to their [[Decapod anatomy|pleopods]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(00)00959-5|title=Sex Pheromones of the Hair Crab Erimacrus isenbeckii. Part 1: Isolation and Structures of Novel Ceramides|last=Asai|first=Naoki|date=Oct. 11, 2000|website=www.sciencedirect.com|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2019-04-13}}</ref> Based on many surveys conducted during the spawning and hatching seasons, the incubation period of the species is estimated to be over a year , with the embryonic growth rate mainly being controlled by the temperature of the water.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://login.pallas2.tcl.sc.edu/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/1549549.pdf?ab_segments=0%252Ftbsub-1%252Frelevance_config_with_defaults&refreqid=excelsior:66d2b1bda8996aa9dbb7a141bb612994|title=Proxy Login - University Libraries - USC|website=login.pallas2.tcl.sc.edu|access-date=2019-04-13}}</ref> Young hatch between March to May, and remain as zooplankton until they reach the bottom of the sea by July.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Azuma|first=Noriko|last2=Kunihiro|first2=Yasushi|last3=Sasaki|first3=Jun|last4=Mihara|first4=Eiji|last5=Mihara|first5=Yukio|last6=Yasunaga|first6=Tomoaki|last7=Jin|first7=Deuk-Hee|last8=Abe|first8=Syuiti|date=2008-1|title=Genetic Variation and Population Structure of Hair Crab (Erimacrus isenbeckii ) in Japan Inferred from Mitochondrial DNA Sequence Analysis|url=http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10126-007-9033-1|journal=Marine Biotechnology|language=en|volume=10|issue=1|pages=39–48|doi=10.1007/s10126-007-9033-1|issn=1436-2228}}</ref> The hatching process occurs during the spring [[phytoplankton]] bloom in the Sea of Okhotsk.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=440405#attributes|title=WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Erimacrus isenbeckii (J. F. Brandt, 1848)|website=www.marinespecies.org|access-date=2019-04-13}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://login.pallas2.tcl.sc.edu/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/1548791.pdf?ab_segments=0%252Fdefault-2%252Fcontrol&refreqid=excelsior:a555ad78c2184bf950ab048888fbf545|title=Proxy Login - University Libraries - USC|website=login.pallas2.tcl.sc.edu|access-date=2019-04-13}}</ref> The [[Crustacean larva|zoea]] of this species can be mistaken for the two other species in the same Family, but ''E. isenbeckii'' zoea lack carapace spines and have shorter lateral spines on the fork of the telson.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://login.pallas2.tcl.sc.edu/login?url=https://doi.org/10.1080/19768354.2010.528207|title=Proxy Login - University Libraries - USC|website=login.pallas2.tcl.sc.edu|doi=10.1080/19768354.2010.528207|access-date=2019-04-13}}</ref> ▼