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==History==
ISI was founded by [[Keith Uncapher]], who headed the computer research group at [[RAND Corporation]] in the 1960s and early 1970s.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2002/10/16/business/keith-w-uncapher-networking-pioneer-80.html|title=Keith W. Uncapher, Networking Pioneer, 80|first=Katie|last=Hafner|newspaper=The New York Times|access-date=13 August 2018|date=2002-10-16}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://articles.latimes.com/2002/oct/12/local/me-keith12|title=Keith Uncapher, 80; Founder of USC Science Institute, Computer Pioneer|first=Joseph|last=Menn|date=12 October 2002|website=Articles.latimes.com|access-date=13 August 2018}}</ref> Uncapher decided to leave RAND after his group's funding was cut in 1971. He approached the [[University of California
ISI became one of the earliest nodes on ARPANET,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cbi.umn.edu/iterations/kilker.html|title=Iterations: An interdisciplinary journal of software history|website=Cbi.umn.edu|access-date=13 August 2018}}</ref> the predecessor to the Internet, and in 1977 figured prominently in a demonstration of its international viability.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.computerhistory.org/internet_history/internet_history_70s.html|title=Internet History of 1970s - Internet History - Computer History Museum|website=Computerhistory.org|access-date=13 August 2018}}</ref> ISI also helped refine the [[TCP/IP]] communications protocols fundamental to Net operations,<ref name="internetsociety.org"/> and researcher [[Paul Mockapetris]] developed the now-familiar [[Domain Name System]] characterized by .com, .org, .net, .gov, and .edu<ref>{{cite web|url=http://internethalloffame.org/inductees/paul-mockapetris|title=Paul Mockapetris - Internet Hall of Fame|website=internethalloffame.org|access-date=13 August 2018}}</ref> on which the Net still operates. (The names .com, .org et al. were invented at [[SRI International]], an ongoing collaborator.) [[Steve Crocker]] originated the Request for Comments (RFC) series, the written record of the network's technical structure and operation that both documented and shaped the emerging Internet.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://internethalloffame.org/inductees/steve-crocker|title=Steve Crocker - Internet Hall of Fame|website=internethalloffame.org|access-date=13 August 2018}}</ref> Another ISI researcher, [[Danny Cohen (engineer)|Danny Cohen]], became first to implement packet voice and packet video over ARPANET, demonstrating the viability of packet switching for real-time applications.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://internethalloffame.org/inductees/danny-cohen|title=Danny Cohen - Internet Hall of Fame|website=internethalloffame.org|access-date=13 August 2018}}</ref>
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