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About 3,200 civil servants, including 110 [[astronaut]]s, are employed at Johnson Space Center. The bulk of the workforce consists of over 11,000 [[General contractor|contractors]]. As of October 2014, Stinger Ghaffarian Technologies took over [[United Space Alliance]]'s primary contract.<ref>{{Cite web|url = http://www.nasa.gov/press/2014/july/nasa-awards-mission-operations-support-contract|title = NASA Awards Mission Operations Support Contract|date = 14 July 2014|website = NASA.gov|publisher = NASA}}</ref> As of May 2018, the center's 12th director is Mark S Geyer,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-announces-new-director-of-johnson-space-center |title=NASA Announces New Director of Johnson Space Center (Release 18-036, May 15, 2018) |author=NASA |access-date=2019-05-14|date=May 14, 2018 }}</ref> the first being [[Robert R. Gilruth]].{{Citation needed|date=January 2021}}
NASA's astronaut training is conducted at the Johnson Space Center. Astronaut candidates receive training on spacecraft systems and in basic sciences including mathematics, guidance and navigation, oceanography, orbital dynamics, astronomy, and physics.<ref name=history>{{cite web |url=http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/shuttle/reference/factsheets/asseltrn.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19990427184715/http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/shuttle/reference/factsheets/asseltrn.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=1999-04-27 |title= Astronaut Selection and Training |author=NASA |access-date=2008-08-27}}</ref> Candidates are required to complete military water survival prior to beginning their flying instruction. Candidates are also required to become [[Scuba diving|scuba]]-qualified for extravehicular training and are required to pass a swimming test.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Fitzpatrick DT, Conkin J |title=Improved pulmonary function in working divers breathing nitrox at shallow depths |journal=Undersea Hyperb Med Abstract |volume=30 |issue=Supplement |pages=763–7 |year=2003 |pmid= 12862332|url=http://archive.rubicon-foundation.org/1273 |access-date=2008-08-27}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Fitzpatrick DT, Conkin J |title=Improved pulmonary function in working divers breathing nitrox at shallow depths |journal=Aviat Space Environ Med |volume=74 |issue=7 |pages=763–7 |date=July 2003 |pmid=12862332 |url=http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/asma/asem/2003/00000074/00000007/art00011 |access-date=2008-08-27}}</ref> EVA training is conducted at the [[Sonny Carter Training Facility]]. Candidates are also trained to deal with emergencies associated with [[hyperbaric]] and [[hypobaric]] atmospheric pressures and are given exposure to the microgravity of space flight.<ref name=history/> Candidates maintain their flying proficiency by flying 15 hours per month in NASA's fleet of T-38 jets based at nearby Ellington Field.{{Citation needed|date=January 2021}}
==Research==
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