Merged "Modified mechanisms" section into lead section. Article isn't long enough to warrant a separate section for this.
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Alter: title. Removed parameters. | Use this bot. Report bugs. | Suggested by Whoop whoop pull up | #UCB_webform 178/193
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{{Short description|Variety of maize}}
'''MON 863''' is a [[Genetically modified maize|genetically engineered variety of maize]] produced by [[Monsanto]]. It is genetically altered to express a modified version of [[Cry3Bb1]], a delta endotoxin which originates from ''[[Bacillus thuringiensis]]''.<ref name='Greenpeace MON863 chronicle'>{{cite web | url = http://www.greenpeace.org/international/Global/international/planet-2/report/2007/3/mon863_chronicle_of_deception.pdf | title = The MON863 case - a chronicle of systematic deception |
==History==
In 2004, Monsanto sought approval in Europe to introduce MON 863. Approval was granted in 2005 for use in feed<ref>Staff (8 August 2005) [http://www.gmo-compass.org/pdf/regulation/maize/MON863_maize_decision_feed.pdf concerning the placing on the market, in accordance with Directive 2001/18/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council, of a maize product (Zea mays L., line MON 863) genetically modified for resistance to corn rootworm] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101231200535/http://www.gmo-compass.org/pdf/regulation/maize/MON863_maize_decision_feed.pdf |date=2010-12-31 }} Commission of the European Communities, Official Journal, Retrieved 17 November 2012</ref> and in 2006 for use in food.<ref>Staff (13 January 2006) [http://www.gmo-compass.org/pdf/regulation/maize/MON863_maize_decision_food.pdf concerning the placing on the market, in accordance with Directive 2001/18/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council, of a maize product (Zea mays L., line MON 863) genetically modified for resistance to corn rootworm and in 2006 in food] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120905152527/http://www.gmo-compass.org/pdf/regulation/maize/MON863_maize_decision_food.pdf |date=2012-09-05 }} Commission of the European Communities, Official Journal, Retrieved 17 November 2012</ref> There was controversy over acceptance by regulatory bodies of industry-funded toxicity studies and over the design of those studies led by Pr [[Gilles-Éric Séralini]], who was on the committee that reviewed MON863 for the French government.<ref>
See [[genetically_modified_food_controversies#S.C3.A9ralini_criticisms_of_toxicity_study_designs_and_responses|Genetically modified food controversies]] for details of this controversy, which extended beyond MON 863.
Following legal action by parties including the [[Swedish Board of Agriculture]] and [[Greenpeace]], a [[Münster]] appeals court ruled that Monsanto would be forced to publicly reveal its research data.<ref name='Reilly 2010-01-23'>{{cite news | first = Michael | last = Reilly | title = Is Genetically Modified Corn Toxic? | date = 2010-01-23 | url = http://news.discovery.com/earth/is-genetically-modified-corn-toxic.html | work = Discovery News |
==Legal status==
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