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Importing Wikidata short description: "Spaceflight mission emblem worn by astronauts"
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{{Short description|Spaceflight mission emblem worn by astronauts}}
A '''mission patch''' is a cloth reproduction of a spaceflight mission emblem worn by [[astronaut]]s and other personnel affiliated with that mission. It is usually executed as an [[embroidered patch]]. The term '''''space patch''''' is mostly applied to an emblem designed for a
== Origins ==
[[Image:Vostok 6 patch.jpg|right|thumb|100px|[[Vostok 6]] mission insignia]]
The first space patch was flown by Soviet cosmonaut [[Valentina Tereshkova]] on the [[Vostok 6]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.collectspace.com/
== Evolution ==
[[Image:Apollo 11 insignia.png|right|thumb|130px|[[Apollo 11]] mission insignia]]Following the loss of the [[Apollo 1]] crew in a devastating fire, embroidered patches were restricted from crew clothing. Instead, astronauts in flight wore mission patches of fire-resistant [[Beta cloth]] onto which designs were [[silk screening|silkscreened]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://genedorr.com/patches/History.html|title=Space Mission Patches - History|first=Eugene|last=Dorr|website=genedorr.com}}</ref> (Embroidered patches were still produced for ground side wear, non-flight personnel, sale to collectors and to be flown in space as souvenirs.)
=== In the Soviet Union/Russia ===
The Vostok-6 patch was the only one of that program. The first spacewalker, [[Alexei Leonov]] wore a general patch
=== In the United States ===
Early
[[Image:Gemini5-Patch.jpg|thumb|
This prompted astronaut [[Gordon Cooper]] to propose and develop a mission patch for his and [[Pete Conrad]]'s 1965 [[Gemini 5]] flight: an embroidered cloth patch sporting the names of the two crew members, a covered wagon, and the slogan "8 Days or Bust" which referred to the expected mission duration. NASA administrator [[James E. Webb]] approved the design, but insisted on the removal of the slogan from the official version of the patch. The so-called '''Cooper patch''' was worn on the right breast of the astronauts' uniforms below their nameplates and opposite the NASA emblems worn on the left.<ref name=patch1>{{cite web|url=http://www.collectspace.com/news/news-082415a-gemini5-50th-8daysorbust.html |title='8 Days or Bust' +50 years: Gemini 5 made history with first crew mission patch |publisher=collectspace| date=August 24, 2015}}</ref>
Since Gemini 5, patches have been created for all NASA
Since Gemini 5, every NASA
=== In Europe ===
Although European
=== China ===
In 2003, China launched its first astronaut, [[Yang Liwei]] aboard [[Shenzhou 5]]. Following the US and Soviet/Russian tradition, he had a mission patch on his pressure suit. The
== Categories ==
* Mission patch or crew patch; designed for a single
* Payload patch; designed for a particular payload carried on board a Space Shuttle mission.
* ISS expedition patch; designed for the expedition of a crew on board the International Space Station; these crews wear a separate patch for the Shuttle or Soyuz mission that takes them to the station.
* Project patch; designed for a program of experiments on board a space station, like ESA designs for missions on Mir and ISS; also for a program of spaceflights, like the Space Shuttle program logo.
* Agency patch; depicting the logo of a space agency, like the NASA
* Personal patch; designed for an individual astronaut or cosmonaut, for use on one or more space missions. Usually, the patch is not publicized.
* Astronaut/cosmonaut group patch; features the logo of a selection of one particular
*
== Artists ==
On the US side, artist like Jean Bealieu, William Bradley, James Cooper, Victor Craft, Jerry Elmore, Frank Kelly Freas, Barbara Matelski, Robert T. McCall, Jean Pinataro, Emilio Pucci, Gene Rickman, Allen Stevens, Norman Tiller, Walter A. Weber, and Lumen M. Winter took care of patch designs. But also aerospace company artists, astronauts and their family members and NASA graphic department designers came up with patch designs.
Most early Soviet/Russian patches were designed by artists that remain anonymous. In the 90s, Dmitri Shcherbinin and Alex Panchenko provided designs for Soyuz missions and personal patches. Russian designs for Soyuz TMA-14 through TMA-03M included art done by children, submitted to Roscosmos as part of a competition.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.roscosmos.ru/main.php?id=45 |title=ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОЕ КОСМИЧЕСКОЕ АГЕНТСТВО (РОСКОСМОС)| Дети рисуют космос |access-date=2013-05-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130630052512/http://www.roscosmos.ru/main.php?id=45 |archive-date=2013-06-30 |url-status=dead }}</ref> More recently Tim Gagnon of the US and Jorge Cartes of Spain designed Shuttle and ISS expedition patches, while Luc van den Abeelen and Erik van der Hoorn, both of the Netherlands, provided art for Russian Soyuz missions to ISS. Additionally, Johnson Space Center graphic designer Blake Dumesnil has also worked closely with ISS crews on expedition mission patches, Soyuz patches, and personal crew patches, in addition to official NASA commemorative designs for the end of the Space Shuttle Program and the 50th Anniversary of Extravehicular Activities (EVAs).
== Collecting ==
Space patch collecting is done by a modest group of people worldwide, trying to keep up with new releases while searching for vintage examples of early mission patches, some now nearly
==See
* [[Astronaut badge]]
* Kaplan, Judith and Muniz, Robert. Space Patches: From Mercury to the Space Shuttle. Sterling Publishing Co., Inc., New York, 1986, {{ISBN|0-8069-6294-1}}▼
* Hengeveld, Ed. The Apollo Emblems of Artist Al Stevens. Spaceflight magazine, June 2008, pp. 220–225. Available online at [http://www.collectspace.com/news/news-052008a.html collectSPACE]▼
* Kircher, Travis. More Than Just a Merit Badge. Ad Astra magazine, Nov/Dec 2000, pp. 23–25. Also available online at [http://www.collectspace.com/resources/patches_astronauts.html collectSPACE]▼
* Lattimer, Dick. All We Did Was Fly to the Moon. The Whispering Eagle Press, Gainesville, FL, 1985, {{ISBN|0-9611228-0-3}}▼
* Patterson, Ann. Space Shuttle Patch History. [[:File:NASA Shuttle Patch Descriptions.pdf|NASA Shuttle Patch Descriptions.pdf]]▼
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
9. French Website about all the crewed space missions patches: https://space-badges.pagesperso-orange.fr/
== Further reading ==
▲* Kaplan, Judith and Muniz, Robert. ''Space Patches: From Mercury to the Space Shuttle''. Sterling Publishing Co., Inc., New York, 1986, {{ISBN|0-8069-6294-1}}
▲* Hengeveld, Ed. "The Apollo Emblems of Artist Al Stevens". ''Spaceflight'' magazine, June 2008, pp. 220–225. Available online at [http://www.collectspace.com/news/news-052008a.html collectSPACE]
▲* Kircher, Travis. "More Than Just a Merit Badge". ''Ad Astra'' magazine, Nov/Dec 2000, pp. 23–25. Also available online at [http://www.collectspace.com/resources/patches_astronauts.html collectSPACE]
▲* Lattimer, Dick. ''All We Did Was Fly to the Moon''. The Whispering Eagle Press, Gainesville, FL, 1985, {{ISBN|0-9611228-0-3}}
▲* Patterson, Ann. Space Shuttle Patch History. [[:File:NASA Shuttle Patch Descriptions.pdf|NASA Shuttle Patch Descriptions.pdf]]
* Glushko, Alexander. ''Design for Space: Soviet and Russian Mission Patches''. DOM Publishing, 2016, {{ISBN|9783869223285}}
== External links ==
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* [http://www.abemblem.com www.abemblem.com]
* [http://www.roscosmos.ru www.roscosmos.ru]
* [http://www.esa.int/About_Us/Welcome_to_ESA/ESA_history/European_manned_spaceflight_patches www.esa.int]
* [http://space-badges.pagesperso-orange.fr/ French website: les badges du Cosmos]
{{Russian space program}}
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