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{{Use mdy dates|date=October 2016}}
{{Infobox saint
|name =
|feast_day = October 12<ref name="patron" />
|venerated_in = [[Catholic Church]]
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|imagesize = 250px
|caption = <small>The original image enshrined in the central high altar.<ref name="patron">[http://saints.sqpn.com/mary0005.htm Our Lady of Aparecida profile] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110102221041/http://saints.sqpn.com/mary0005.htm |date=January 2, 2011 }} at Patron Saints Index.</ref></small>
|titles=Queen and Patroness of Brazil|birth_place =
|death_place =
|beatified_date =
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}}
'''Our Lady of Aparecida''' (
Colonial documents and [[papal bull]]s have referred to the image as ''Nossa Senhora da Conceição Aparecida''. The feast day of Our Lady Aparecida in the [[Roman Rite]] is on October 12, which is also a [[public holiday]] in Brazil since 1980. The building in which the image is venerated was granted the title of a [[minor basilica]] by [[Pope John Paul II]] in 1980, and is the largest [[Shrines to the Virgin Mary|Marian shrine]] in the world,<ref name="NCR">Allen, John. [http://ncronline.org/blogs/all-things-catholic/look-ahead-benedict-brazil "A look ahead to Benedict in Brazil"]. National Catholic Reporter. May 3, 2007</ref> being able to hold up to 45,000 worshippers.<ref name="reuters" />
Controversy about the statue was ignited in May 1978 by an intruder who stole the clay statue, which was smashed as he was apprehended, from its shrine, and again in 1995, when an evangelical minister insulted and vandalized a copy of the statue on Brazilian national television, specifically on [[RecordTV|Rede Record]], in what became known as the [[Chute na santa incident]].
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* [[Pope Leo XIII]] mentioned the Brazilian devotion in 1903
* [[Pope Pius X]] granted a [[canonical coronation]] to the image on 8 December 1904
* [[Pope Pius XI]] declared Mary under this title Patroness of Brazil
* [[Pope Paul VI]] granted the image her first [[golden rose]] on 12 August 1967
* [[Pope John Paul II]]
* [[Pope Benedict XVI]] granted the image her second golden rose on 12 May 2007
* [[Pope Francis]] granted the third golden rose on 9 October 2017,
==History==
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Twenty years later, the village that had grown around the church on Coqueiros hill became a municipality, named after the saint.
==
On 16 July 1930, [[Pope Pius XI]] declared the Immaculate Conception under the title of ''Our Lady Aparecida'' to be the principal patroness of Brazil, namely widespread in the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of São Sebastião do Rio de Janeiro|Archdiocese of Rio de Janeiro]].
The
Furthermore, the devotion was researched and approved by
In the wake of the papal decree naming Our Lady Aparecida Patroness of Brazil, on July 16, 1930, Cardinal [[Sebastião da Silveira Cintra|Sebastião Leme da Silveira Cintra]], the Archbishop of Rio de Janeiro (then the Capital of Brazil), rededicated Brazil to the Virgin under this Marian title.
==Later years==
Up until the early 1950s, Aparecida remained an unassuming city with a small community of [[Congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer|Redemptorists]].<ref name="naza" /> They arrived from the sanctuary of the Virgin of [[Altötting]] in Germany and took on the responsibility for the shrine of Our Lady Aparecida, making it the first Redemptorist parish in Latin America.<ref name="naza" /> Devotion to the Marian image grew under Padre [[Vítor Coelho]] (1899-1987), a Redemptorist priest and catechist.<ref>{{Cite web |title=imagens |url=http://santuarionacional.vteximg.com.br/arquivos/imagens.png
Contrary to popular belief, [[John Paul II]] was the first Pope to consecrate the shrine with the title of [[Basilica]] on July 4, 1980. In his Apostolic message, the Pontiff mentioned the coronation of 1904, the Patronage granted in 1930, and his culminating purpose of consecration of the shrine as a Basilica during that time. By research in Vatican documents, there is no mention of 1908 proclamations of the shrine as a Basilica by the Pope or any Vatican prelate.<ref name="vatican.va" />
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In the mid-20th century, as the popularity of Our Lady Aparecida grew, the construction of a much larger building to shelter the image became necessary. In 1955, work on the present [[Basilica of the National Shrine of Our Lady of Aparecida|Basilica of the National Shrine of Our Lady Aparecida]] was begun. Architect [[Benedito Calixto]] designed a building in the form of a [[Greek cross]].<ref name="naza" /> It can hold up to 45,000 people.<ref name="naza" />
Since then, the two Basilicas in the city of Aparecida have been known as the "Old Basilica" and the "New Basilica". Upon its completion, the Brazilian Conference of Catholic Bishops declared the new Basilica a National Shrine.
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As the National Shrine, dedicated to the patroness of Brazil, one of the functions of the basilica is to function as a site of pilgrimage for laborers. The traditional pilgrimage of the laborers takes place each year on [[Independence Day (Brazil)|Brazil's independence holiday]], September 7.<ref name="naza" /> According to recent estimates, the basilica attracts about 8 million pilgrims a year.<ref name="NCR" /><ref>Lugo, Luis. [http://pewforum.org/Christian/Catholic/Pope-to-Visit-Pentecostalized-Brazil.aspx "Pope to Visit 'Pentecostalized' Brazil"]. [[Pew Research Center|Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life]]. April 19, 2007.</ref>
The influence of Our Lady Aparecida on Brazilian Catholic society is incalculable. In 1992 a study showed that 296 parishes were dedicated to her while five [[cathedral]]s had the same title. In addition, many towns are named after the Virgin and so are many Brazilian women and girls. The modern art styled [[cathedral of
In 2004, to commemorate the centennial of the pontifical coronation commanded by Pope Pius X and the 150th anniversary of the dogmatic definition of the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary, the statue of Our Lady Aparecida was granted a renewed canonical coronation by the Holy See. The renewed coronation was presided by the Archbishop emeritus of Rio de Janeiro, [[Eugênio de Araújo Sales|Cardinal Eugênio Sales]], in the capacity of [[Papal legate|special papal envoy]] of Pope John Paul II.
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