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Soyuz TM-19 was a crewed Soyuz spaceflight to Mir. It launched on 1 July 1994, at 12:24:50 UTC.[3]
| Mission type | Mir crew transport |
|---|---|
| Operator | Rosaviakosmos |
| COSPAR ID | 1994-036A  |
| SATCAT no. | 23139 |
| Mission duration | 125 days, 22 hours, 53 minutes, 36 seconds |
| Orbits completed | 1,993 |
| Spacecraft properties | |
| Spacecraft | Soyuz 7K-STM No.68[1] |
| Spacecraft type | Soyuz-TM |
| Manufacturer | RKK Energia |
| Launch mass | 7,150 kilograms (15,760 lb) |
| Crew | |
| Crew size | 2 up 3 down |
| Members | Yuri Malenchenko Talgat Musabayev |
| Landing | Ulf Merbold |
| Callsign | Ага́т (Agat - Agate) |
| Start of mission | |
| Launch date | July 1, 1994, 12:24:50 (1994-07-01UTC12:24:50Z) UTC |
| Rocket | Soyuz-U2 |
| Launch site | Baikonur 1/5 |
| End of mission | |
| Landing date | November 4, 1994, 11:18:26 (1994-11-04UTC11:18:27Z) UTC |
| Landing site | 88 kilometres (55 mi) northeast of Arkalyk |
| Orbital parameters | |
| Reference system | Geocentric |
| Regime | Low Earth |
| Perigee altitude | 396 kilometres (246 mi) |
| Apogee altitude | 397 kilometres (247 mi) |
| Inclination | 51.6 degrees |
| Period | 92.48 minutes |
| Epoch | 31 July 1994[2] |
| Docking with Mir | |
| Docking port | Kvant-1 aft |
| Docking date | 3 July 1994, 13:55:01 UTC |
| Undocking date | 4 November 1994, 08:31:30 UTC |
Soyuz programme
(Crewed missions) | |
| Position | Launching crew | Landing crew |
|---|---|---|
| Commander |  Yuri MalenchenkoFirst spaceflight | |
| Flight Engineer |  Talgat MusabayevFirst spaceflight | |
| Research Cosmonaut | None |  Ulf MerboldThird and last spaceflight |
Commander Malenchenko and Flight Engineer Musabayev, both spaceflight rookies, were to have been launched with veteran cosmonaut Gennadi Strekalov, who would have returned to Earth with Viktor Afanasyev and Yuri UsachovinSoyuz TM-18 after a few days on Mir. However, the cancellation of one of two Progress-M cargo ships scheduled to resupply Mir during the Agat crew's stay meant that Strekalov's couch had to carry supplies. The result was the first all-rookie Soyuz flight since Soyuz 25 in October 1977. Docking occurred without incident on July 3. Both cosmonauts and Doctor Valeri Polyakov (who had arrived on Soyuz TM-18) became the 16th resident crew; many technical problems with the station arose during this expedition, necessitating a previously untried manual supply docking by Malenchenko. On November 3, Malenchenko, Musabayev and Merbold undocked in Soyuz TM-19 and backed 190m from Mir. They then activated the Kurs automatic approach system, which successfully redocked the spacecraft. The cosmonauts then transferred back to Mir. The test was related to the difficulties Soyuz TM-20 and Progress M-24 experienced during their automatic approaches. Final undocking and reentry occurred the following day without incident.
