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{{Short description|City in the Mexican state of Coahuila}}
{{About|the city in Mexico|other uses|Torreon (disambiguation)}}
{{more citations needed|date=December 2014}}
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|image_skyline = Collage de Torreón.jpg
|imagesize =
|image_caption = '''From top to bottom from left to right:''' the Alameda Ignacio Zaragoza, the Cristo de las Noas, the Puerta de Torreón, the Plaza Mayor and the Plaza de Armas in the Historic Center
|image_flag = Bandera de Torreón, Coahuila.svg
|flag_size =
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|population_density_blank1_km2 =
|population_density_blank1_sq_mi =
| demographics_type1 = [[GDP|GDP (PPP, constant 2015 values)]]
| demographics1_footnotes =
| demographics1_title1 = Year
| demographics1_info1 = 2023
| demographics1_title2 = Total (Metro)
| demographics1_info2 = $54.9 billion<ref name="TelluBase">{{cite web|url=https://tellusant.com/repo/tb/tellubase_factsheet_mex.pdf|publisher=Tellusant|title=TelluBase—Mexico Fact Sheet (Tellusant Public Service Series)| access-date = 2024-01-11}}</ref>
| demographics1_title3 = Per capita
| demographics1_info3 = $30,800
<!-- General information --------------->
|timezone = [[Central Standard Time|CST]]
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'''Torreón''' ({{IPA-es|toreˈon|-|ES-pe - Torreón.ogg}}) is a city and seat of [[Torreón Municipality]] in the [[Mexico|Mexican]] [[States of Mexico|state]] of [[Coahuila]]. As of 2021, the city's population was 735,340. The metropolitan population as of 2015 was 1,497,734,<ref name="inegi.org.mx"/> making it the [[List of metropolitan areas of Mexico|ninth-biggest metropolitan area in the country]] and the largest metropolitan area in the [[States of Mexico|state]] of [[Coahuila]], as well as one of Mexico's most important economic and industrial centers. The cities of Torreón; Gómez Palacio, Durango; Lerdo, Durango; Matamoros; Francisco I. Madero; San Pedro; Bermejillo, Durango; and Tlahualilo, Durango form the area of '''La Laguna''' or the [[Comarca Lagunera]], a basin within the [[Chihuahuan Desert]].
The area was originally a center for ranching. With irrigation, the city became an important center for farming and the processing of cotton. In the middle of the 20th century, it became an industrial city. The cities (i.e. the metropolitan area) have industries in textiles, clothing and metals processing. Some important industries and companies have business here, like [[Peñoles]], [[Deere & Company|Motores John Deere]], [[Grupo Lala]], Yura Corporation, as well as stores like [[Soriana]], [[Cimaco]], and Extra. There are also several shopping malls in the city, including Galerias Laguna, Almanara, Plaza Cuatro Caminos, and InterMall.
Torreón is served by [[Francisco Sarabia International Airport]], an airport with flights to several cities in [[Mexico]] and the [[United States]].
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==History==
According to archaeological findings, the area of Torreón was populated around the 10th millennium BC.
[[File:Único y último torreón en Torreón, capital del estado de Coahuila..jpg|thumb|One of the few remaining towers (Torreones) in the city.]]▼
The first Spanish mission arrived in 1566, led by Fr. Pedro Espinareda. However, the city developed only in the independent Mexican era, around a ''Torreón'' ("Big Tower") built to monitor Río Nazas's floods, in conjunction with the creation of a railroad connecting to the US border city of [[El Paso]], which gave an economic boom to the city and therefore a population boom as well. The population grew from 200 in 1892 to 34,000 in 1910. Torreón received city status in 1907.
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After the Mexican Revolution, the city continued to develop economically; during the first years of the 20th century, the primary industry of the city was farming, although other industries later formed or were established in the area.
On September 15, 2007, Torreón celebrated its first 100 years as a chartered city. It held a series of cultural events from September 15, 2006, to September 15, 2007, culminating on the day that the city turned 100 years old.
== Geography ==
▲[[File:Único y último torreón en Torreón, capital del estado de Coahuila..jpg|thumb|One of the few remaining towers (Torreones) in the city.]]
Torreón is near the southwest border of the state of Coahuila, within the [[Comarca Lagunera|Laguna]] region of the state. The border is delineated by the [[Río Nazas|Nazas River]] that separates it from Gómez Palacio, Durango. The municipality covers {{convert|1947.7|km2|sqmi|1|abbr=on}}, including much of the rural area south of the city. The city's elevation is {{convert|1120|m|ft|-1|abbr=on}}, which is low for the Mexican interior. The terrain where the urban area is spread is generally flat, with somewhat prominent relief formations (up to {{convert|1600|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} south and southwest of the city, thus visible at well-nigh any given point in the city. Higher mountains, over {{convert|3000|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}, are on the southern, mostly uninhabited section of the Municipality, the most prominent being El Picacho.
===Climate===
The city features a [[desert]] climate (in the [[Köppen climate classification]] ''BWh''). Rainfall is scarce but more prominent in the summer, whilst temperatures are very hot by day and cool at night, although the [[urban heat island]] effect causes temperatures on summer nights to be considerably warmer than nearby areas. Flora and fauna are those common to [[semidesert]] habitats.
{{Weather box
|location = Torreón (1951–2010)
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|date=December 2011
}}
== Main sights ==
[[File:Canal de la Perla Torreon Coah.jpg|thumb|El Canal de la Perla.]]''[[Cristo de las Noas]]'', at {{convert|21.80|m|ft|1|abbr=on}}, is the third tallest statue of Christ in [[Latin America]], only smaller than the statue of ''[[Christ the Redeemer (statue)|Christ The Redeemer]]'' in [[Brazil]] and ''[[Cristo de la Concordia]]'' in [[Cochabamba]], [[Bolivia]]. Situated on the top of a hill, this image of Jesus with extended arms symbolises protection for the inhabitants of Torreon.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.traveltorreon.com/english/cristo-de-las-noas.php|title=Cristo de las Noas|author=Travel Torreón|access-date=28 July 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717093557/http://www.traveltorreon.com/english/cristo-de-las-noas.php|archive-date=2011-07-17|url-status=dead}}</ref> The hilltop has a Catholic church and offers a view of the entire city.<ref>{{Dead link|date=July 2010}}{{cite web |url=http://www.torreon.gob.mx/english/the_city/turism/museos/cerrodelasnoas_english.php |title=Cristo de las Noas |access-date=2007-09-17 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070814040914/http://www.torreon.gob.mx/english/the_city/turism/museos/cerrodelasnoas_english.php |archive-date = August 14, 2007}}</ref>▼
▲''[[Cristo de las Noas]]'', at {{convert|21.80|m|ft|1|abbr=on}}, is the third tallest statue of Christ in [[Latin America]], only smaller than the statue of ''[[Christ the Redeemer (statue)|Christ The Redeemer]]'' in [[Brazil]] and ''[[Cristo de la Concordia]]'' in [[Cochabamba]], [[Bolivia]]. Situated on the top of a hill, this image of Jesus with extended arms symbolises protection for the inhabitants of Torreon.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.traveltorreon.com/english/cristo-de-las-noas.php|title=Cristo de las Noas|author=Travel Torreón|access-date=28 July 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717093557/http://www.traveltorreon.com/english/cristo-de-las-noas.php|archive-date=2011-07-17|url-status=dead}}</ref> The hilltop has a Catholic church and offers a view of the entire city.<ref>{{Dead link|date=July 2010}}{{cite web |url=http://www.torreon.gob.mx/english/the_city/turism/museos/cerrodelasnoas_english.php |title=Cristo de las Noas |access-date=2007-09-17 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070814040914/http://www.torreon.gob.mx/english/the_city/turism/museos/cerrodelasnoas_english.php |archive-date = August 14, 2007}}</ref>
There are also several shopping centers in the city, including Galerias Laguna, Plaza Cuatro Caminos, and Intermall.
The "Canal de la Perla" (the Pearl Watercourse), an underground watercourse built in the 19th century to drive the Nazas' river water to the fields near the city, was re-discovered in 2003 and re-opened in 2014. It now passes under the oldest part of the city and it can be visited and walked through. It is also used for cultural and artistic exhibitions.
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== Education ==
[[File:Edificio_D_Ibero_Torreón.jpg|right|thumb|Building at the Iberoamerican University]]▼
Torreón and the surrounding ''comarca'' are served by several public and private universities. Some of the most recognized institutions in the area are:
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* [[Autonomous University of the Northeast]] (Universidad Autónoma del Noreste (UANE))
* [[Iberoamerican University Torreón]] (Universidad Iberoamericana Torreón (Ibero))
▲[[File:Edificio_D_Ibero_Torreón.jpg|right|thumb|Building at the Iberoamerican University]]
* [[Valley of Mexico University]] (Universidad del Valle de México (UVM))
* [[Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education]] (Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey (ITESM))
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*[[Black Warrior (wrestler)|Black Warrior]], wrestler
*[[Ronaldo Cisneros]], footballer
*[[Dr. Wagner Jr.]], wrestler▼
*[[Carlos Ferro (Mexican actor)|Carlos Ferro]], actor
*[[Raúl Méndez]], actor
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*[[Pablo Montero]], singer
*[[Oribe Peralta]], footballer
*[[Pilar Rioja]], dancer
*[[Carmen Salinas]], actress
*[[Jorge Sánchez (footballer, born 1997)
*[[Alberto Vázquez (singer)|Alberto Vázquez]], singer
*[[Sergio Villarreal Barragán]], Mexican [[drug lord]] and former leader of [[Beltrán-Leyva Cartel]]
▲*[[Dr. Wagner Jr.]], wrestler
*[[Humberto Zurita]], actor
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