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== Transport mechanism ==
ATP7A belongs to a transporter family called [[P-type ATPase|P-type ATPases]], which catalyze auto-[[phosphorylation]] of a key conserved [[aspartic acid]] (D) residue within the enzyme. The first step is ATP binding to the ATP-binding domain and Cu binding to the transmembrane region. Then ATP7A is phosphorylated at the key [[aspartic acid]] (D) residue in the highly conserved DKTG motif, accompanied by Cu(I) release. A subsequencesubsequent [[Dephosphorylation|dephosphorylation]] of the intermediate finishes the catalytic cycle. Within each cycle, ATP7A interconverts between at least two different conformations, E1 and E2. In the E1 state, Cu(I) is tightly bound to the binding sites on the cytoplasmic side; in the E2 state, the affinity of ATP7A for Cu(I) decreases and Cu(I) is released on the extracellular side.<ref name="4. Cellular copper distribution: a mechanistic">{{cite journal|last1=Banci|first1=Lucia|last2=Bertini|first2=Ivano|last3=Cantini|first3=Francesca|last4=Ciofi-Baffoni|first4=Simone|title=Cellular copper distribution: a mechanistic systems biology approach|journal=Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences|date=24 March 2010|volume=67|issue=15|pages=2563–2589|doi=10.1007/s00018-010-0330-x}}</ref>
== Function ==
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