1876–77 United States House of Representatives elections

These elections coincided with the (heavily contested) election of President Rutherford B. Hayes and the United States Centennial. Hayes' Republican Party was able to recover from the Democratic Party many of the seats it had lost two years before as the economy improved slightly. However, the Democrats retained a majority and were able to use the disinterest of the people in Republican Reconstruction-led projects to help keep crucial seats. Republican congressional leadership had a difficult time distancing itself from the corruption of the Grant administration or the legislature's impact on the economy downturn.

↓
157	136
Democratic	Republican

State	Type	Total seats	Democratic		Republican
State	Type	Total seats	Seats	Change	Seats	Change
Alabama	District	8	8	2	0	2
Arkansas	District	4	4^[g]		0
California	District	4	2	1	2	1
Colorado	At-large	1	1	1	0	1
Connecticut	District	4	3		1
Delaware	At-large	1	1		0
Florida	District	2	2	1	0	1
Georgia	District	9	9^[g]		0
Illinois	District	19	8	2	11	4
Indiana	District	13	4	4	9	4
Iowa	District	9	0	1	9	1
Kansas	District	3	0	1	3	1
Kentucky	District	10	10	1	0	1
Louisiana	District	6	5	1	1	1
Maine	District	5	0		5
Maryland	District	6	6		0
Massachusetts	District	11	2	1	9	4
Michigan	District	9	1	2	8	2
Minnesota	District	3	0		3
Mississippi	District	6	6	2	0	2
Missouri	District	13	9	4	4	4
Nebraska	At-large	1	0		1
Nevada	At-large	1	0		1
New Hampshire^[h]	District	3	1	1	2	1
New Jersey	District	7	4	1	3	1
New York	District	33	16	1	17	1
North Carolina	District	8	7		1
Ohio	District	20	8	5	12	5
Oregon	At-large	1	0	1	1	1
Pennsylvania	District	27	10	7	17	7
Rhode Island	District	2	0		2
South Carolina	District	5	2	2	3	2
Tennessee	District	10	8	1	2	1
Texas	District	6	6		0
Vermont	District	3	0		3
Virginia	District	9	8		1
West Virginia	District	3	3		0
Wisconsin	District	8	3		5
Total		293	157^[1]^[f] 53.6%	27	136^[1] 46.4%	31

Popular vote

Democratic			51.27%
Independent			1.17%
Republican			46.47%
Others			1.09%

House seats

Democratic			52.90%
Independent			0.68%
Republican			46.42%

The previous election included 4 Independents, in Illinois and Massachusetts.

Results shaded according to winning candidate's share of the vote

House seats by party holding plurality in state
80+% Democratic	80+% Republican
60+ to 80% Democratic	60+ to 80% Republican
Up to 60% Democratic	Up to 60% Republican

Net gain in party representation
6+ Democratic gain	6+ Republican gain
3-5 Democratic gain	3-5 Republican gain
1-2 Democratic gain	1-2 Republican gain
no net change

In 1845, Congress passed a law providing for a uniform nationwide date for choosing Presidential electors.^[2] This law did not affect election dates for Congress, which remained within the jurisdiction of State governments, but over time, the states moved their congressional elections to this date as well. In 1876–77, there were still 8 states with earlier election dates, and 1 state with a later election date.

Elections before Election Day (United States):

June 5: Oregon
September 5: Vermont
September 11: Maine
October 4:Georgia
October 10: Indiana, Iowa, Ohio, West Virginia

Standard Election Day:

November 7, 1876

Election after Election Day:

March 13, 1877: New Hampshire

This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (December 2019)

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Connecticut 3	Henry H. Starkweather	Republican	1867	Incumbent died January 28, 1876. New member elected April 12, 1876. Republican hold. Winner later re-elected to the next term; see below.	▌ Y John T. Wait (Republican) [data missing]
Connecticut 4	William Henry Barnum	Democratic	1867	Incumbent resigned May 18, 1876, when elected U.S. senator. New member elected November 7, 1876. Democratic hold. Winner also elected to the next term; see below.	▌ Y Levi Warner (Democratic) 52.74% ▌Robbert Hubbard (Republican) 47.26%^[3]
Indiana 2
Indiana 3
Maine 3	James G. Blaine	Republican	1862	Incumbent resigned July 10, 1876. New member elected September 11, 1876. Republican hold. Winner retired after serving out the remainder of the term.	▌ Y Edwin Flye (Republican) 54.85% ▌Isaac Reed (Democratic) 45.15%

Alabama redistricted and eliminated its at-large seats, going from 6 districts and 2 at-large seats to 8 districts. The state also elected a full delegation of Democrats, voting out the two Republicans.

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Alabama 1	Charles Hays Redistricted from the 4th district	Republican	1872	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic gain.	▌ Y James T. Jones (Democratic) 49.25% ▌Frederick G. Bromberg (Ind. Democratic) 40.82% ▌William W. Turner (Republican) 9.92%^[4]
Alabama 2	New district			New seat. New member elected. Democratic gain.	▌ Y Hilary A. Herbert (Democratic) 54.90% ▌Gerald B. Hall (Republican) 45.10%^[5]
Alabama 3	Jeremiah Norman Williams Redistricted from the 2nd district	Democratic	1874	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Jeremiah Norman Williams (Democratic) 78.34% ▌William H. Betts (Republican) 21.66%^[6]
Alabama 4	Jeremiah Haralson Redistricted from the 1st district	Republican	1874	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic gain.	▌ Y Charles M. Shelley (Democratic) 37.77% ▌Jeremiah Haralson (Republican) 33.93% ▌James T. Rapier (Colored Republican) 28.30%^[7]
Alabama 5	New district			New seat. New member elected. Democratic gain.	▌ Y Robert F. Ligon (Democratic) 65.77% ▌D. B. Booth (Republican) 34.23%^[8]
Alabama 6	Goldsmith W. Hewitt	Democratic	1874	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Goldsmith W. Hewitt (Democratic) 100% Uncontested^[9]
Alabama 6	Burwell Boykin Lewis Redistricted from the at-large district	Democratic	1874	Incumbent lost renomination. Democratic loss.
Alabama 7	William Henry Forney Redistricted from the at-large district	Democratic	1874	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y William Henry Forney (Democratic) 100% Uncontested^[10]
	Taul Bradford Redistricted from the 3rd district	Democratic	1874	Incumbent retired. Democratic loss.
	John H. Caldwell Redistricted from the 5th district	Democratic	1872	Incumbent retired. Democratic loss.
Alabama 8	New district			New seat. New member elected. Democratic gain.	▌ Y William W. Garth (Democratic) 62.0% ▌John B. McClellan (Ind. Democratic) 38.0%^[11]

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Arkansas 1	Lucien C. Gause	Democratic	1874	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Lucien C. Gause (Democratic) 97.5% Uncontested^[12]
Arkansas 2	William F. Slemons	Democratic	1874	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y William F. Slemons (Democratic) 53.7% ▌Oliver P. Snyder (Republican) 47.6% ^[12]
Arkansas 3	William W. Wilshire	Democratic	1872 1874 (lost contest) 1874	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Independent Democratic gain.	▌ Y Jordan E. Cravens (Ind. Democratic) 35.9% ▌John McClure (Republican) 34.7% ▌H. B. Stuart (Democratic) 25.7%^[12]
Arkansas 4	Thomas M. Gunter	Democratic	1872	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Thomas M. Gunter (Democratic) 74.7% ▌J.H. Huckleberry (Republican) 25.3%^[12]

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
California 1	William Adam Piper	Democratic	1875	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain.	▌ Y Horace Davis (Republican) 53.3% ▌William A. Piper (Democratic) 46.7%
California 2	Horace F. Page	Republican	1872	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Horace F. Page (Republican) 56.7% ▌G. J. Carpenter (Democratic) 43.3%
California 3	John K. Luttrell	Democratic	1872	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y John K. Luttrell (Democratic) 51.1% ▌Joseph McKenna (Republican) 48.9%
California 4	Peter D. Wigginton	Democratic	1875	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain.	▌ Y Romualdo Pacheco (Republican) 50% ▌Peter D. Wigginton (Democratic) 50%

There were two elections to the new state of Colorado.

44th Congress

edit

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Colorado at-large	New district			New seat. New member elected. Republican gain.	▌ Y James B. Belford (Republican) [data missing]

45th Congress

edit

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Colorado at-large	James B. Belford	Republican	1876	Incumbent re-elected. Election was later successfully challenged by the challenger.	▌ Y James B. Belford (Republican) 51.9% ▌Thomas M. Patterson (Democratic)

Connecticut had been electing is members late in the cycle, even after the terms had begun. But starting in 1876, the state joined the others in electing its members on the November 7, 1876 Election Day. The delegation remained 3 Democrats and 1 Republican.

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates^[13]
Connecticut 1	George M. Landers	Democratic	1875	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y George M. Landers (Democratic) 50.2% ▌Joseph R. Hawley (Republican) 49.8%
Connecticut 2	James Phelps	Democratic	1875	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y James Phelps (Democratic) 53.8% ▌Stephen W. Kellogg (Republican) 46.3%
Connecticut 3	John T. Wait	Republican	1876 (special)	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y John T. Wait (Republican) 54.2% ▌Waller (Democratic) 45.8%
Connecticut 4	William Henry Barnum	Democratic	1867	Incumbent resigned May 18, 1876, when elected U.S. senator. New member elected. Democratic hold. Winner also elected to finish the current next term.	▌ Y Levi Warner (Democratic) 52.7% ▌Robbert Hubbard (Republican) 47.4%

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Delaware at-large	James Williams	Democratic	1874	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y James Williams (Democratic) 55.4% ▌Bird (Republican) 44.6%

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Florida 1	William J. Purman	Republican	1872	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic gain.	▌ Y Robert H. M. Davidson (Democratic) 51.2% ▌William J. Purman (Republican) 48.8%
Florida 2	Jesse J. Finley	Democratic	1874^[i]	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected.^[j] Republican gain.	▌ Y Horatio Bisbee Jr. (Republican) 50.04% ▌Jesse J. Finley (Democratic) 49.96%

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Maine 1	John H. Burleigh	Republican	1872	Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Republican hold.	▌ Y Thomas B. Reed (Republican) 51.45% ▌John M. Goodwin (Democratic) 47.99% ▌John H. Burleigh (Republican) 0.56%
Maine 2	William P. Frye	Republican	1870	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y William P. Frye (Republican) 55.72% ▌S. Clifford Belcher (Democratic) 42.04% ▌Solon Chase (Greenback) 2.24%
Maine 3	Vacant			Rep. James G. Blaine (R) resigned July 10, 1876. New member elected. Republican hold. Concurrent special election held to serve out the unexpired term, the winner of which did not stand for the regular election.	▌ Y Stephen Lindsey (Republican) 55.18% ▌Edward K. O'Brien (Democratic) 44.83%
Maine 4	Harris M. Plaisted	Republican	1875 (special)	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold.	▌ Y Llewellyn Powers (Republican) 53.83% ▌John P. Donworth (Democratic) 42.12% ▌Lyndon Oak (Independent Republican) 4.05%
Maine 5	Eugene Hale	Republican	1868	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Eugene Hale (Republican) 55.34% ▌William H. McLellan (Democratic) 44.66%

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Massachusetts 1	William W. Crapo	Republican	1875 (special)	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y William W. Crapo (Republican) 69.61% ▌Joseph M. Day (Democratic) 30.39%
Massachusetts 2	Benjamin W. Harris	Republican	1872	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Benjamin W. Harris (Republican) 61.45% ▌Edward Avery (Democratic) 38.55%
Massachusetts 3	Henry L. Pierce	Republican	1874	Incumbent retired. New member elected after initial result overturned. Democratic gain.	▌ Y Benjamin Dean (Democratic) 50.04% ▌Walbridge A. Field (Republican) 49.96%
Massachusetts 4	Josiah Gardner Abbott	Democratic	1874	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold.	▌ Y Leopold Morse (Democratic) 52.66% ▌Rufus S. Frost (Republican) 47.34%
Massachusetts 5	Nathaniel P. Banks	Republican	1874	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Nathaniel P. Banks (Republican) 51.97% ▌Richard Frothingham Jr. (Democratic) 48.03%
Massachusetts 6	Charles Perkins Thompson	Democratic	1874	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain.	▌ Y George B. Loring (Republican) 52.44% ▌Charles Perkins Thompson (Democratic) 47.56%
Massachusetts 7	John K. Tarbox	Democratic	1874	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain.	▌ Y Benjamin Butler (Republican) 51.63% ▌John K. Tarbox (Democratic) 40.02% ▌Ebenezer R. Hoar (Ind. Republican) 8.34%
Massachusetts 8	John M. S. Williams	Democratic	1874	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain.	▌ Y William Claflin (Republican) 53.27% ▌William W. Warren (Democratic) 46.73%
Massachusetts 9	George F. Hoar	Republican	1868	Incumbent retired to run for U.S. Senate. New member elected. Republican hold.	▌ Y William W. Rice (Republican) 57.54% ▌George F. Verry (Democratic) 42.46%
Massachusetts 10	Charles A. Stevens	Republican	1875 (special)	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold.	▌ Y Amasa Norcross (Republican) 63.86% ▌Samuel O. Lamb (Democratic) 36.14%
Massachusetts 11	Chester W. Chapin	Democratic	1874	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain.	▌ Y George D. Robinson (Republican) 54.01% ▌Chester W. Chapin (Democratic) 44.22%

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Mississippi 1	Lucius Q. C. Lamar	Democratic	1872	Incumbent retired to run for U.S. senator. New member elected. Democratic hold.	▌ Y Henry L. Muldrow (Democratic) 76.24% ▌J. W. Lee (Republican) 23.76%^[14]
Mississippi 2	G. Wiley Wells	Republican	1874	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic gain.	▌ Y Van. H. Manning (Democratic) 61.74% ▌Thomas Watson (Republican) 38.26%^[15]
Mississippi 3	Hernando Money	Democratic	1874	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Hernando Money (Democratic) 73.96% ▌W. W. Chisholm (Republican) 26.04%^[16]
Mississippi 4	Otho R. Singleton	Democratic	1874	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Otho R. Singleton (Democratic) 80.80% ▌W. M. Hancock (Republican) 19.20%^[17]
Mississippi 5	Charles E. Hooker	Democratic	1874	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Charles E. Hooker (Democratic) 69.67% ▌M. Shaughnessey (Republican) 30.33%^[18]
Mississippi 6	John R. Lynch	Republican	1872	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic gain.	▌ Y James R. Chalmers (Democratic) 56.04% ▌John R. Lynch (Republican) 43.96%^[19]

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Nebraska at-large	Lorenzo Crounse	Republican	1872	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold.	▌ Y Frank Welch (Republican) 59.79% ▌Joseph Hollman (Democratic) 33.29% ▌Marvin Warren (Greenback) 6.93%^[20]

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Nevada at-large	William Woodburn	Republican	1874	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold.	▌ Y Thomas Wren (Republican) 52.3% ▌A.C. Ellis (Democratic) 47.7%

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
South Carolina 1	Joseph Rainey	Republican	1870 (special)	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Joseph Rainey (Republican) 52.2% ▌John S. Richardson (Democratic) 47.8%
South Carolina 2	Edmund W. M. Mackey	Independent Republican	1874	Seat declared vacant July 19, 1876, due to contested election. New member elected. Republican gain.	▌ Y Richard H. Cain (Republican) 62.1% ▌Michael P. O'Connor (Democratic) 37.9%
South Carolina 3	Solomon L. Hoge	Republican	1874	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic gain.	▌ Y D. Wyatt Aiken (Democratic) 58.0% ▌Lewis C. Carpenter (Republican) 42.0%
South Carolina 4	Alexander S. Wallace	Republican	1868	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic gain.	▌ Y John H. Evins (Democratic) 57.6% ▌Alexander S. Wallace (Republican) 42.4%
South Carolina 5	Robert Smalls	Republican	1874	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Robert Smalls (Republican) 51.9% ▌George D. Tillman (Democratic) 48.1%

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Tennessee 1	William McFarland	Democratic	1874	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain.	▌ Y James H. Randolph (Republican) 52.41% ▌William McFarland (Democratic) 47.59%^[21]
Tennessee 2	Jacob M. Thornburgh	Republican	1872	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Jacob M. Thornburgh (Republican) 59.87% ▌William Cullom (Democratic) 40.13%^[22]
Tennessee 3	George G. Dibrell	Democratic	1874	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y George G. Dibrell (Democratic) 61.51% ▌G. M. Drake (Republican) 38.49%^[23]
Tennessee 4	Haywood Y. Riddle	Democratic	1875 (special)	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Haywood Y. Riddle (Democratic) 70.59% ▌R. A. Cox (Democratic) 20.93% ▌R. F. Patton (Republican) 8.48%^[24]
Tennessee 5	John M. Bright	Democratic	1870	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y John M. Bright (Democratic) 73.98% ▌Robert Galbraith (Republican) 26.02%^[25]
Tennessee 6	John F. House	Democratic	1874	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y John F. House (Democratic) 63.62% ▌William F. Prosser (Republican) 36.38%^[26]
Tennessee 7	Washington C. Whitthorne	Democratic	1870	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Washington C. Whitthorne (Democratic) 68.57% ▌D. B. Cliff (Republican) 21.11% ▌G. W. Blackburn (Independent Republican) 10.32%^[27]
Tennessee 8	John D. C. Atkins	Democratic	1872	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y John D. C. Atkins (Democratic) 61.78% ▌Samuel W. Hawkins (Republican) 38.22%^[28]
Tennessee 9	William P. Caldwell	Democratic	1874	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y William P. Caldwell (Democratic) 69.45% ▌H. B. Folk (Republican) 30.55%^[29]

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
West Virginia 1	Benjamin Wilson	Democratic	1874	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Benjamin Wilson (Democratic) 52.70% ▌G. F. Scott (Republican) 47.30%^[30]
West Virginia 2	Charles J. Faulkner	Democratic	1874	Incumbent retired to run for U.S. senator. New member elected. Democratic hold.	▌ Y Benjamin F. Martin (Democratic) 55.97% ▌Ward H. Lamon (Republican) 44.03%^[31]
West Virginia 3	Frank Hereford	Democratic	1870	Incumbent retired to run for U.S. senator. New member elected. Democratic hold.	▌ Y John E. Kenna (Democratic) 61.47% ▌Benjamin J. Redmund (Republican) 38.53%^[32]

Wisconsin elected eight members of congress on Election Day, November 7, 1876.^[33]^[34]

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates^{[citation needed]}
Wisconsin 1	Charles G. Williams	Republican	1872	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Charles G. Williams (Republican) 59.3% ▌H. G. Winslow (Democratic) 40.7%
Wisconsin 2	Lucien B. Caswell	Republican	1874	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Lucien B. Caswell (Republican) 50.6% ▌Harlow S. Orton (Democratic) 49.4%
Wisconsin 3	Henry S. Magoon	Republican	1870	Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Republican hold.	▌ Y George Cochrane Hazelton (Republican) 54.5% ▌Philo A. Orton Jr. (Democratic) 45.5%
Wisconsin 4	William Pitt Lynde	Democratic	1874	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y William Pitt Lynde (Democratic) 59.6% ▌William E. Smith (Republican) 40.4%
Wisconsin 5	Samuel D. Burchard	Democratic	1874	Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Democratic hold.	▌ Y Edward S. Bragg (Democratic) 58.2% ▌George W. Carter (Republican) 41.8%
Wisconsin 6	Alanson M. Kimball	Republican	1874	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic gain.	▌ Y Gabriel Bouck (Democratic) 53.6% ▌Alanson M. Kimball (Republican) 46.4%
Wisconsin 7	Jeremiah McLain Rusk	Republican	1870	Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Republican hold.	▌ Y Herman L. Humphrey (Republican) 58.6% ▌Martin R. Gage (Democratic) 37.4% ▌Reuben May (Ind. Greenback) 4.0%
Wisconsin 8	George W. Cate	Democratic	1874	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain.	▌ Y Thaddeus C. Pound (Republican) 51.7% ▌George W. Cate (Democratic) 48.3%

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Delegate	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Arizona Territory at-large
Dakota Territory at-large	Jefferson P. Kidder	Republican	1874	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Jefferson P. Kidder (Republican) [data missing]^[35]
Idaho Territory at-large	Stephen S. Fenn	Democratic	1874	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Stephen S. Fenn (Democratic) 53.93% ▌John Clark (Republican) 46.07%^[36]
Montana Territory at-large	Martin Maginnis	Democratic	1872	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Martin Maginnis (Democratic) 56.22% ▌E. D. Leavitt (Republican) 43.78%^[37]
New Mexico Territory at-large
Washington Territory at-large
Wyoming Territory at-large	William R. Steele	Democratic	1872	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain.	▌ Y William W. Corlett (Republican) 58.33% ▌William R. Steele (Democratic) 41.67%^[38]

^ Regular elections, not specials

^ Most states held their elections November 7, 1876.

^ ^a ^b There is a significant discrepancy for the party totals in the U.S House resulting from the 1874 elections between Dubin (p. 241, who records 150 Democrats, 2 Independent Democrats, and 141 Republicans), and Martis (pp. 130–131). The discrepancy seems to be accounted for by the fact that Dubin's party figures represent the party totals on the first day of the 45th United States Congress, while Martis' figures take into account the results of later contested elections (all of which were decided in favor of the Democratic candidates who challenged the election results).

^ Included 1 Independent Democrat.

^ Included 3 Independent Republicans.

^ ^a ^b Includes 2 Independent Democrats

^ ^a ^b Includes 1 Independent Democrat.

^ Elections held late

^ After disputed election

^ The election in the Florida's 2nd district was extremely close, with initial returns showing a difference between the two candidates of only 3 votes. Finley challenged Bisbee's election and was eventually seated on February 20, 1879.

^ ^a ^b ^c Martis, p. 130–131.

^ Statutes at Large, 28th Congress, 2nd Session, p. 721.

^ "Our Campaigns - CT District 4 - Special Election Race - Nov 07, 1876". www.ourcampaigns.com.

^ "Our Campaigns - AL District 1 Race - Nov 07, 1876". www.ourcampaigns.com.

^ "Our Campaigns - AL District 2 Race - Nov 07, 1876". www.ourcampaigns.com.

^ "Our Campaigns - AL - District 03 Race - Nov 07, 1876". www.ourcampaigns.com.

^ "Our Campaigns - AL District 4 Race - Nov 07, 1876". www.ourcampaigns.com.

^ "Our Campaigns - AL District 5 Race - Nov 07, 1876". www.ourcampaigns.com.

^ "Our Campaigns - AL District 6 Race - Nov 07, 1876". www.ourcampaigns.com.

^ "Our Campaigns - AL District 7 Race - Nov 07, 1876". www.ourcampaigns.com.

^ "Our Campaigns - AL District 8 Race - Nov 07, 1876". www.ourcampaigns.com.

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Guide to U.S. Elections. Vol. II (6th ed.). Washington, D.C.: CQ Press. 2010. p. 1058. ISBN 9781604265361. LCCN 2009033938. OCLC 430736650.

^ "Login: CQ Voting and Elections Collection". library.cqpress.com. Retrieved September 9, 2023.

^ "MS - District 01". Our Campaigns. Retrieved March 11, 2021.

^ "MS - District 02". Our Campaigns. Retrieved March 11, 2021.

^ "MS - District 03". Our Campaigns. Retrieved March 11, 2021.

^ "MS - District 04". Our Campaigns. Retrieved March 11, 2021.

^ "MS - District 05". Our Campaigns. Retrieved March 11, 2021.

^ "MS - District 06". Our Campaigns. Retrieved March 11, 2021.

^ "Our Campaigns - NE - District 01 Race - Nov 7, 1876". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved September 19, 2021.

^ "TN - District 01". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 22, 2021.

^ "TN - District 02". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 22, 2021.

^ "TN - District 03". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 22, 2021.

^ "TN - District 04". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 22, 2021.

^ "TN - District 05". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 22, 2021.

^ "TN - District 06". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 22, 2021.

^ "TN - District 07". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 22, 2021.

^ "TN - District 08". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 22, 2021.

^ "TN - District 09". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 22, 2021.

^ "WV District 01". Our Campaigns. Retrieved April 16, 2021.

^ "WV District 02". Our Campaigns. Retrieved April 16, 2021.

^ "WV District 03". Our Campaigns. Retrieved April 16, 2021.

^ "Wisconsin U.S. House Election Results" (PDF). Humphrey Institute of Public Affairs. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 5, 2012. Retrieved May 24, 2020.

^ Bashford, R. M., ed. (1878). "Official Directory: Members of Congress". The legislative manual of the state of Wisconsin (Report). Madison, Wisconsin: State of Wisconsin. pp. 449–452. Retrieved July 18, 2020.

^ "DK Territorial Delegate". Our Campaigns. Retrieved April 6, 2021.

^ "ID Territorial Delegate". Our Campaigns. Retrieved April 3, 2021.

^ "MT Territorial Delegate". Our Campaigns. Retrieved April 4, 2021.

^ "WY Territorial Delegate". Our Campaigns. Retrieved April 11, 2021.

1876–77 United States House of Representatives elections

Election summaries

Election dates

Special elections

Alabama

Arkansas

California

Colorado

44th Congress

45th Congress

Connecticut

Delaware

Florida

Georgia

Illinois

Indiana

Iowa

Kansas

Kentucky

Louisiana

Maine

Maryland

Massachusetts

Michigan

Minnesota

Mississippi

Missouri

Nebraska

Nevada

New Hampshire

New Jersey

New York

North Carolina

Ohio

Oregon

Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

South Carolina

Tennessee

Texas

Vermont

Virginia

West Virginia

Wisconsin

Non-voting delegates

See also

Notes

References

Bibliography

External links

Languages