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The IJAF was founded with an edict emanated on 3 January 1868, as part of the Japanese reorganization of the army and the application of innovations during the Meiji Restoration. The reorganization of the army and the navy during the Meiji period boosted Japanese military strength, allowing the Imperial Japanese Army and the Imperial Japanese Navy to achieve major victories, such as during the First Sino-Japanese war and the Russo-Japanese War.
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (December 2021)
During the pre-war era the army and navy had separate school branches.[3] Since the Meiji era, the Choshu Domain from Yamaguchi Prefecture dominated the IJA.[3] The IJN was dominated by the Satsuma Domain from Kagoshima Prefecture.[3] This resulted in that they operated separately rather than a single umbrella strategy.[3]
Some equipment was also procured separately.[3] For example, the IJA secured its own ships and self-designed submarines in World War 2.[3] Former Prime Minister Shigeru Yoshida criticized the sectionalism of the IJAF.[3]
The Imperial Army and Navy had a fierce interservice rivalry centering around how the Imperial Japanese Armed Forces ought to secure territories containing valuable natural resources not available at home to fuel and grow the Japanese economy. The Army mainly supported the Hokushin-ron doctrine, which called for expansion into Manchuria and Siberia and would have the army take on a prime role, while the Navy supported the Nanshin-ron doctrine, which stated that Japan ought to expand into Southeast Asia and the Pacific Islands and would be reliant on the navy to do so.
Resurrection of the military minister's active military service system
Japan-Germany Anti-Comintern Pact
Shōwa 12 (1937)
China Incident (Sino-Japanese War)
Marco Polo Bridge Incident
Tongzhou case
Battle of Beiping-Tianjin
Battle of Shanghai
Rape of Nanking
Shōwa 13 (1938)
Battle of Wuhan
Battle of Lake Khasan
Promulgation of the National Mobilization Law
Shōwa 14 (1939)
The Battle of Khalkhin Gol
Shōwa 15 (1940)
Annexation of French Indochina
Shōwa 16 (1941)
Declaration of war against the United States and United Kingdom, Greater East Asia War (Pacific War), Southern Operation (Invasion of Hong Kong, Malayan Campaign, Pearl Harbor attack, etc.)
Sinking of HMS Prince of Wales and HMS Repulse
Shōwa 17 (1942)
Battle of Rabaul (start of New Guinea Campaign)
Fall of Singapore
Bombing of Darwin
Dutch East Indies Campaign
Battle of Yunnan-Burma Road
Battle of Ceylon
Battle of Midway
Kokoda Track Campaign
Shōwa 18 (1943)
Battle of Guadalcanal Island
Navy Instep Incident
Battle of Attu
Shōwa 19 (1944)
Navy B case
Operation C (U Go Offensive)
Operation Ichi-Go
Battle of Mariana and Palau Islands
Philippines Defense Battle
Creation of a special attack corps
Shōwa 20 (1945)
February Yalta Conference
Rape of Manila
Battle of Iwo Jima
March Tokyo air raid
Battle of Okinawa
Participation in the Soviet Union against Japan (Soviet invasion of Manchuria / Battle of Sakhalin / Battle of Shumshu)
Accepting the Potsdam Declaration
Soviet troops occupy the South Karafuto and Kuril Islands
September 2-Japanese Instrument of Surrender Signing Ceremony on Battleship Missouri (Japanese Instrument of Surrender, All Armies Stopped Combat, Disarmament Order), Greater East Asia War (Pacific War) and End of World War II
Soviet Union occupies the Northern Territories
November The Ministry of the Army and the Ministry of the Navy are dismantled and become the 1st Ministry of Demobilization and the 2nd Ministry of Demobilization.
Shōwa 21 (1946)
May International Military Tribunal for the Far East opens
November 3-Promulgation of the Constitution of Japan
Shōwa 22 (1947)
May 3-Enforcement of the Constitution of Japan
Shōwa 25 (1950)
August 10-Establishment of National Police Reserve
Shōwa 27 (1952)
August 10-National Safety Forces reorganization
Shōwa 29 (1954)
July 1-Established "Self-Defense Forces (land, sea, aviation)" and established the Defense Agency (shifted to "Ministry of Defense" on January 9, 2007)
^ ab"One can date the 'restoration' of imperial rule from the edict of 3 January 1868." Jansen, Marius B. (2000). The Making of Modern Japan. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. p. 334.
