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Jeongjong of Goryeo (923 – 13 April 949), personal name Wang Yo, was the third king of the Goryeo dynasty of Korea. He was the third son of King Taejo, the dynastic founder.
| Jeongjong of Goryeo 고려 정종 高麗 定宗 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| KingofGoryeo | |||||||||
| Reign | 23 October 945 – 13 April 949 | ||||||||
| Coronation | 945 Gaegyeong, Goryeo | ||||||||
| Predecessor | Hyejong of Goryeo | ||||||||
| Successor | Gwangjong of Goryeo | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| Born | Wang Yo 923 Gaegyeong, State of Goryeo, Three Kingdoms of Korea | ||||||||
| Died | 13 April 949(949-04-13) (aged 25–26) Jeseok-won, Gaegyeong, Goryeo | ||||||||
| Burial |
Alleung (안릉, 安陵)
| ||||||||
| Queen Consort | Queen Mungong Queen Munseong | ||||||||
| Consort | Lady Cheongjunamwon | ||||||||
| Issue | Prince Gyeongchunwon Princess Wang | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| House | Wang | ||||||||
| Dynasty | Goryeo | ||||||||
| Father | Taejo of Goryeo | ||||||||
| Mother | Queen Sinmyeong | ||||||||
| Religion | Buddhism | ||||||||
| Korean name | |||||||||
| Hangul | 정종 | ||||||||
| Hanja | |||||||||
| Revised Romanization | Jeongjong | ||||||||
| McCune–Reischauer | Chŏngjong | ||||||||
| Birth name | |||||||||
| Hangul | 왕요 | ||||||||
| Hanja | |||||||||
| Revised Romanization | Wang Yo | ||||||||
| McCune–Reischauer | Wang Yo | ||||||||
| Courtesy name | |||||||||
| Hangul | 천의 | ||||||||
| Hanja | |||||||||
| Revised Romanization | Cheonui | ||||||||
| McCune–Reischauer | Ch'ŏnŭi | ||||||||
| Posthumous name | |||||||||
| Hangul | 문명대왕 | ||||||||
| Hanja | |||||||||
| Revised Romanization | Munmyeong Daewang | ||||||||
| McCune–Reischauer | Munmyŏng Taewang | ||||||||
Jeongjong rose to the throne after his half-brother King Hyejong died, and set to reducing the power of various royal in-laws, including Wang Gyu and Pak Sul-hui. However, lacking the support of the Gaegyeong elites, he was unable to substantially strengthen the throne.
In 946, he spent 70,000 sacks of grain from the royal storehouses to support Buddhism in the country. In 947, he had the fortress of Pyongyang constructed as the country's Western Capital. He sought to move the capital from Gaegyeong to Pyongyang like his father had desired, as Jeongjong believed that in order to restore Goguryeo's old territories, the capital should be moved further north.[1] However, Jeongjong was not successful in his attempts due to opposition from the nobility based in Gaegyeong.[2]
Jeongjong became paranoid however that people inside the palace were conspiring to kill him and he then started to go insane. After four years of his reign, he died just after he signed a royal decree to make his brother, the fourth prince Wang So (known as Gwangjong), king instead of his son.
Jeongjong, 3rd monarch of Goryeo Born: 923 Died: 13 April 949 | ||
| Regnal titles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by | King of Goryeo 945–949 |
Succeeded by |