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National Salvation Junta

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The National Salvation Junta (Portuguese: Junta de Salvação Nacional, Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈʒũtɐ ðɨ salvɐˈsɐ̃w nɐsiuˈnal]) was a group of military officers designated to maintain the government of Portugal in April 1974 after the Carnation Revolution had overthrown the Estado Novo dictatorial regime.^[1]^: 46 This junta assumed power following a communiqué of its president, António de Spínola, at 1:30 a.m. on 26 April 1974. The National Salvation Junta was the de jure governing body of Portugal following the Carnation Revolution.

Portuguese Republic

República Portuguesa (Portuguese)

1974–1975

Anthem: A Portuguesa
("The Portuguese")

Emblem of the Armed Forces Movement:

Capital

Common languages

Provisional military junta

• 1974-1974

António de Spínola

• 1974–1976

Francisco da Costa Gomes

History

• Proclamation

26 April 1974

• Disestablished

14 March 1975

Currency

Preceded by

Succeeded by

	Estado Novo
	Portuguese Empire

Third Portuguese Republic
Portuguese Macau (until 1999)

Purpose

The Junta was a pre-planned part of the national reform program envisioned by the Movimento das Forças Armadas (Movement of the Armed Forces; MFA), which aimed to exercise political power after the revolution and prior to the formation of a civilian government in order to prevent the collapse of the Presidency of the Republic (then held by Rear-Admiral Américo Tomás) and of the government. It entailed the dissolution of the National Assembly and of the Council of State. The Constitutional Law 1/74 of 25 April 1974 was promulgated in order to set this process in motion. The Junta assumed upon itself the power to choose the President and Vice-President.

On an interim basis, the Junta also exercised the functions of the Presidency of the Republic (from 26 April to 15 May, when it designated as Head of State the president of the Junta, António de Spínola) and of President of the Council (from 26 April to 16 May, when the MFA-chosen First Provisional Government of Portugal took power, headed by Adelino da Palma Carlos).

Members

The Junta was composed of:

General António Ribeiro de Spínola (President),
General Francisco da Costa Gomes (Army),
Brigadier Jaime Silvério Marques (Army),
General Diogo Neto (Air Force - absent in Portuguese Mozambique),
Colonel Carlos Galvão de Melo (Air Force),
Naval Captain José Baptista Pinheiro de Azevedo (Navy),
Naval Commander António Alva Rosa Coutinho (Navy).

On 30 September 1974 the staff was reorganized:

General Francisco da Costa Gomes (president, Army),
Lieutenant Colonel Carlos Alberto Idães Soares Fabião (former governor of Portuguese Guinea, Army).
Lieutenant-Colonel Nuno Fisher Lopes Pires (Army).
Vice-Admiral José Pinheiro de Azevedo (Navy).
Naval Captain Silvano Alves Ribeiro (Navy), during the absence of Naval Commander António Rosa Coutinho, who was appointed the governor of Portuguese Angola.
Lieutenant-Colonel Narciso Mendes Dias (Air Force),
Lieutenant-Colonel Aníbal Pinho Freire (Air Force).

Abolition

Constitutional Law 5/75 of 14 March 1975 abolished the National Salvation Junta and established the Revolutionary Council of Portugal (Conselho da Revolução de Portugal), which included former members of the Junta.

Preceded by Américo Tomás	President of Portugal (interim) 26 April 1974–15 May 1974	Succeeded by António de Spínola
Preceded by Marcello Caetano	Prime Minister of Portugal (interim) 26 April 1974 –16 May 1974	Succeeded by Adelino da Palma Carlos

References

^ Chilcote, Ronald H. (March 2012). The Portuguese Revolution: State and Class in the Transition to Democracy. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-0-7425-6793-1.

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Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=National_Salvation_Junta&oldid=1221776287" Last edited on 1 May 2024, at 22:48

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