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Kuchean language





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(Redirected from Kuchean)
  

Kuchean (also known as Tocharian BorWest Tocharian) was a Western member of the Tocharian branch of Indo-European languages, extinct from the ninth century. Once spoken in the Tarim BasininCentral Asia, Tocharian B shows an internal chronological development; three linguistic stages have been detected.[1] The oldest stage is attested only in Kucha. There is also the middle ('classicalʼ), and the late stage.[2]

Kuchean
Tocharian B
Kuśiññe
Tocharian inscription "This Buddha was painted by the hand of Sanketava"
Native toKucha
RegionTarim Basin
EthnicityTocharians
Extinct9th century AD

Language family

Indo-European

Early form

Proto-Tocharian

Writing system

  • Manichaean script
    • Language codes
    ISO 639-3txb

    Linguist List

    		xtb Tocharian B
    Glottologtokh1243
    This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

    Nomenclature

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    According to Peyrot, the self-designation for the language was kuśi 'Kuča'.[3] In scholarly works, it is known as West TocharianorKuchean.[4]

    Overview

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    According to scholar Michael Peyrot, Tocharian B is dated between the 5th and 10th centuries AD, and was spread from Kuča to Yānqi and Turfan.[5] Paul Widmer, following Tamai's and Adams's studies, situates Tocharian B roughly between 400 and 1200, its oldest layer dating from ca. 400 to 600, around "Kucha and environs".[6]

    Documentation

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    According to J. H. W. Penney, Tocharian B is reported to be documented as Buddhist religious literature, and as secular material "pertaining to everyday life".[7]

    References

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    1. ^ Peyrot 2008, p. [page needed].
  • ^ Peyrot, Michaël (2015). "Tocharian Language". Encyclopædia Iranica.
  • ^ Peyrot, Michaël. “Tocharian”. In: The Indo-European Language Family: A Phylogenetic Perspective. Edited by Thomas Olander. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2022. p. 83. doi:10.1017/9781108758666.006.
  • ^ Fortson, Benjamin W. (2004). Indo-European Language and Culture. Blackwell Publishing. p. 351. ISBN 1-4051-0316-7.
  • ^ Peyrot, Michaël. “Tocharian”. In: The Indo-European Language Family: A Phylogenetic Perspective. Edited by Thomas Olander. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2022. p. 83. doi:10.1017/9781108758666.006.
  • ^ Widmer, Paul (2017). "79. The dialectology of Tocharian". Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics (PDF). pp. 1392–1393. doi:10.1515/9783110523874-034. ISBN 978-3-11-052387-4.
  • ^ Penney, J. H. W. (2017). "74. The documentation of Tocharian". Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics. p. 1299. doi:10.1515/9783110523874-029. ISBN 978-3-11-052387-4.

    • Bibliography

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    Studies
    Tocharian literature

    Further reading

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  • Adams, Douglas Q. (October 1983). "Studies in Tocharian Vocabulary III: Three Tocharian B Terms for Parts of the Upper Body". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 103 (4): 759–760. doi:10.2307/602235. JSTOR 602235.
  • Adams, Douglas Q. (April 1986). "Studies in Tocharian Vocabulary IV: A Quartet of Words from a Tocharian B Magic Text". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 106 (2): 339–341. doi:10.2307/601599. JSTOR 601599.
  • Arndt, Walter W.; Brosman Jr., Paul W.; Coenen, Frederic E.; Friedrich, Werner P., eds. (1967). "On the Interrelationship of the Tocharian Dialects". Studies in Historical Linguistics in Honor of George Sherman Lane: Festschrift for George S. Lane (PDF). Vol. 58. The University of North Carolina Press. pp. 105–134. doi:10.1353/book.75772. hdl:20.500.12657/39808. ISBN 978-1-4696-5703-5. JSTOR 10.5149/9781469657035_arndt.13.
  • Chao-Jung; 慶昭蓉; Enami Kazuyuki; 江南和幸; Okada Yoshihiro; 岡田至弘 (2020). "Paper in Eighth-Century Kucha: Discovery of Cotton Fibres within Chinese and Kuchean Documents". Central Asiatic Journal. 63 (1–2): 71. doi:10.13173/centasiaj.63.1-2.0071. S2CID 236875646.
  • Chen; 陳瑞翾 (2018). "Vignettes of Buddhist Asceticism: Jottings on Six Fragments in Tocharian B". Central Asiatic Journal. 61 (2): 217. doi:10.13173/centasiaj.61.2.0217. S2CID 198766202.
  • Hilmarsson, Jörundur (1988). "West Tocharian lyauto 'hole, opening' and related words". Historische Sprachforschung / Historical Linguistics. 101 (1): 166–169. JSTOR 40848921.
  • Kim, Ronald I. (2009). "Another Look at Tocharian B ṣarya". Historische Sprachforschung / Historical Linguistics. 122: 111–117. doi:10.13109/hisp.2009.122.1.111. JSTOR 41430701.
  • Malzahn, Melanie (2012). "Now you see it, now you don't – Bewegliches -o in Tocharisch B". Multilingualism and History of Knowledge, Vol. 2: Linguistic Developments Along the Silkroad: Archaism and Innovation in Tocharian. Vol. 12. Austrian Academy of Sciences Press. pp. 33–82. doi:10.2307/j.ctt3fgk5q.5. ISBN 978-3-7001-7304-5. JSTOR j.ctt3fgk5q.5.
  • Ogihara, Hirotoshi (2018). "Two Fragments of Tocharian B laissez-passers Kept in the Berlin Collection". Great Journeys across the Pamir Mountains. pp. 33–45. doi:10.1163/9789004362253_004. ISBN 978-90-04-36222-2.
  • Pinault, Georges-Jean. "Surveying the Tocharian B Lexicon". In: Orientalistische Literaturzeitung, vol. 114, no. 2, 2019, pp. 91–97. https://doi.org/10.1515/olzg-2019-0030
  • Stumpf, Peter (1976). "Westtocharisch se-seṃ: zwei Paradigmen oder nur eines?". Zeitschrift für vergleichende Sprachforschung. 90 (1/2): 114–127. JSTOR 40848492.
  • Winter, Werner (October 1955). "A Linguistic Classification of 'Tocharian' B Texts". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 75 (4): 216–225. doi:10.2307/595385. JSTOR 595385.
  • Winter, Werner (August 1961). "Lexical Interchange between 'Tocharian' A and B". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 81 (3): 271–280. doi:10.2307/595658. JSTOR 595658.
  • Woolner, A. C. (1925). "Sanskrit Names of Drugs in Kuchean". The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland. 57 (4): 623–638. doi:10.1017/S0035869X00168807. JSTOR 25220813. S2CID 162418763.
    • edit

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    Last edited on 4 July 2024, at 00:55  





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