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(Redirected from Nasaf)
 


Qarshi (Uzbek: Qarşi, pronounced [qarʃɨ]) is a city in southern Uzbekistan. It is the capital of Qashqadaryo Region. Administratively, Qarshi is a district-level city, that includes the urban-type settlement Qashqadaryo.[2] It has a population of 278,300 (2021 estimate).[1] It is about 520 km south-southwest of Tashkent, and about 335 km north of Uzbekistan's border with Afghanistan. It is located at latitude 38° 51' 48N; longitude 65° 47' 52E at an altitude of 374 meters. The city is important in natural gas production, but Qarshi is also famous for its production of woven flat carpets.

Qarshi
Karshi, Карши

Qarshi is located in Uzbekistan
Qarshi

Qarshi

Location in Uzbekistan

Coordinates: 38°52′N 65°48′E / 38.867°N 65.800°E / 38.867; 65.800
Country Uzbekistan
RegionQashqadaryo Region
Inception1926
Elevation
374 m (1,227 ft)
Population
 (2021)[1]
 • Total278,300
Area code(+998) 75

History

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Originally the Sogdian city of Nakhshab (which could be possibly named Eucratideia during the rule of Greco-Bactrian Kingdom[3]), and the Islamic Uzbek (Turkic) city of Nasaf, and the Chagatay city of Qarshi (pronounced Kharsh), Qarshi was the second city of the Emirate of Bukhara. It is in the center of a fertile oasis that produces wheat, cotton, and silk and was a stop on the 11-day caravan route between Balkh and Bukhara. The Mongol Chagataid khans Kebek and Qazan built palaces here on the site of Chinggis Khaan's summer pasture.[4] In 1364, Timur also built a fortified palace with moats in what is now the southern part of the city. The modern name "Qarshi" means fort.

Karshi developed steadily from the 14th century. During the Sheyban dynasty the town grew violently (16th century). It was the second largest town of Bukhara Khanate in the 18th century. During these centuries much of the city's magnificent architectural monuments were built.[1][5] With the decline of Shahrisabz in the 18th century, Qarshi grew in importance, and was the seat of the Crown Prince to the Emirate of Bukhara. The city had a double set of walls, 10 caravanserais and 4 madrassahs during this time. By 1868, the Russians had annexed the Zarafshan Valley, and in 1873, the treaty turning Bukhara into a Russian protectorate was signed in Qarshi, much to the dismay of the Emir's son, Abdul Malik, who took to the hills in rebellion.

In the early 1970s, the first section of a major irrigation project was completed to divert water from the Amu Darya River in Turkmenistan eastward into Uzbekistan in order to irrigate the land surrounding Qarshi. Almost all of these irrigated lands around Qarshi are planted with cotton.

Main sites

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Odina Mosque

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Madrassas

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Kok Gumbaz Mosque

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Qarshi Bridge

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World War II Memorial

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Climate

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Köppen climate classification system classifies its climate as cold semi-arid (BSk).[8]

Climate data for Qarshi (1991–2020)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 9.1
(48.4)
11.9
(53.4)
17.9
(64.2)
24.6
(76.3)
31.3
(88.3)
36.7
(98.1)
38.4
(101.1)
36.6
(97.9)
31.4
(88.5)
24.5
(76.1)
16.3
(61.3)
10.5
(50.9)
24.1
(75.4)
Daily mean °C (°F) 3.4
(38.1)
5.6
(42.1)
11.2
(52.2)
17.4
(63.3)
23.6
(74.5)
28.8
(83.8)
30.5
(86.9)
28.1
(82.6)
22.4
(72.3)
15.8
(60.4)
9.2
(48.6)
4.5
(40.1)
16.7
(62.1)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −0.6
(30.9)
1.0
(33.8)
5.9
(42.6)
11.3
(52.3)
16.4
(61.5)
20.6
(69.1)
22.4
(72.3)
19.9
(67.8)
14.4
(57.9)
8.6
(47.5)
3.8
(38.8)
0.5
(32.9)
10.4
(50.7)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 35.7
(1.41)
42.1
(1.66)
46.5
(1.83)
34.8
(1.37)
18.8
(0.74)
1.6
(0.06)
0.6
(0.02)
0.2
(0.01)
1.1
(0.04)
4.7
(0.19)
24.4
(0.96)
27.2
(1.07)
237.7
(9.36)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 11 11 12 9 7 2 1 0 1 4 8 10 76
Average relative humidity (%) 79 74 72 64 48 33 30 33 38 48 62 78 66
Source 1: NOAA[9]
Source 2: Deutscher Wetterdienst (humidity)[10]

Industry

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Agas-to-liquids (GTL) plant, located 40 km south of Qarshi, is under construction. This plant will be based on Sasol’s GTL technology and will have a capacity of 1.4 million metric tons per year, with following product slate: GTL diesel, kerosene, naphtha and liquid petroleum gas. The total cost of the project is around $4 billion and it is the first such a high-tech plant on the Eurasian continent. The joint project GTL Uzbekistan, where Sasol and Uzbekistan's state oil company Uzbekneftgas each hold 44.5% interest, and the rest 11% belonging to Malaysian Petronas, was founded in 2009. The plant will be built on the basis of the Shurtan gas and chemical complex.[11]

Culture

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Sports

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Qarshi is home to FC Nasaf which was founded in 1986. Nasaf plays its home matches at the Markaziy Stadim, built in 2006.

Education

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Local infrastructure

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Transportation

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Qarshi railway station

Landmarks

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Notable people

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Bibliography

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References

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  1. ^ a b "Urban and rural population by district" (PDF) (in Uzbek). Qashqadaryo regional department of statistics.
  • ^ "Classification system of territorial units of the Republic of Uzbekistan" (in Uzbek and Russian). The State Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan on statistics. July 2020.
  • ^ The Encyclopaedia Metropolitana: Or Universal Dictionary of Knowledge, Volume 23, edited by Edward Smedley, Hugh James Rose, Henry John Rose, 1923, page 260.
  • ^ Grousset (1970, pp. 341–342) states that both khans used Qarshi as a capital
  • ^ "Karshi, Uzbekistan". Retrieved January 29, 2021.
  • ^ a b c Ibbotson, Sophie (2020). Uzbekistan. United Kingdom: Bradt Guides Ltd. pp. 191–192. ISBN 9-781784-771089.
  • ^ "Kok Gumbaz, Shakhrisabz". www.advantour.com. Retrieved 2020-11-01.
  • ^ "Climate: Qarshi – Climate graph, Temperature graph, Climate table". Climate-Data.org. Retrieved 2 September 2013.
  • ^ "World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020 — Qarshi". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved January 20, 2024.
  • ^ "Klimatafel von Karshi (Karschi) / Usbekistan" (PDF). Baseline climate means (1961–1990) from stations all over the world (in German). Deutscher Wetterdienst. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  • ^ "Uzbekistan Launches $4 bn GTL Joint Project with Sasol". The Gazette of Central Asia. Satrapia. 23 July 2012. Retrieved 23 July 2012.
  • ^ QDU
  • ^ "QMII.uz".
  • edit

    Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Qarshi&oldid=1232896489"
     



    Last edited on 6 July 2024, at 05:52  





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    This page was last edited on 6 July 2024, at 05:52 (UTC).

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