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Potassium bisulfate





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(Redirected from Potassium hydrogen sulfate)
  

Potassium bisulfate (potassium bisulphate) is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula KHSO4 and is the potassium acid saltofsulfuric acid. It is a white, water-soluble solid.

Potassium bisulfate
One potassium cation and one hydrogensulfate anion
Ball-and-stick model of the component ions
Potassium bisulfate crystals on filter paper
Names
IUPAC name

Potassium hydrogen sulfate

Other names

Potassium acid sulfate

Identifiers

CAS Number

3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.028.722 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 231-594-1
E number E515(ii) (acidity regulators, ...)

PubChem CID
RTECS number
  • TS7200000
UNII
UN number 2509

CompTox Dashboard (EPA)

  • InChI=1S/K.H2O4S/c;1-5(2,3)4/h;(H2,1,2,3,4)/q+1;/p-1 ☒N

    Key: CHKVPAROMQMJNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M ☒N

  • InChI=1/K.H2O4S/c;1-5(2,3)4/h;(H2,1,2,3,4)/q+1;/p-1

    Key: CHKVPAROMQMJNQ-REWHXWOFAH

  • OS(=O)(=O)[O-].[K+]

Properties

Chemical formula

 KHSO4
Molar mass 136.169 g/mol
Appearance colorless solid
Odor odorless
Density 2.245 g/cm3
Melting point 197 °C (387 °F; 470 K)
Boiling point 300 °C (572 °F; 573 K) (decomposes to form potassium pyrosulfate and water)

Solubility in water

 36.6 g/100 mL (0 °C)
49 g/100 mL (20 °C)
121.6 g/100 mL (100 °C)
Solubility soluble in acetone, ethanol.

Magnetic susceptibility (χ)

 −49.8·10−6cm3/mol
Thermochemistry

Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH⦵298)

 -1163.3 kJ/mol
Hazards
GHS labelling:

Pictograms

 GHS05: CorrosiveGHS07: Exclamation mark

Signal word

 Danger

Hazard statements

 H314, H335

Precautionary statements

 P260, P261, P264, P271, P280, P301+P330+P331, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P312, P321, P363, P403+P233, P405, P501
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):

LD50 (median dose)

 2340 mg*kg−1
Safety data sheet (SDS) External MSDS
Related compounds

Related compounds

 Potassium sulfate
Sodium bisulfate

Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

☒N verify (what is checkY☒N ?)

Infobox references

Preparation

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More than 1 million tons were produced in 1985 as the initial stage in the Mannheim process for producing potassium sulfate. The relevant conversion is the exothermic reaction of potassium chloride and sulfuric acid:[1][2]

KCl + H2SO4 → HCl + KHSO4

Potassium bisulfate is a by-product in the production of nitric acid from potassium nitrate and sulfuric acid:[3]

KNO3 + H2SO4 → KHSO4 + HNO3

Chemical properties

edit

Thermal decomposition of potassium bisulfate forms potassium pyrosulfate:[1]

2 KHSO4 → K2S2O7 + H2O

Above 600 °C potassium pyrosulfate converts to potassium sulfate and sulfur trioxide:[4]

K2S2O7 → K2SO4 + SO3

Uses

edit

Potassium bisulfate is commonly used to prepare potassium bitartrate for winemaking.[5] Potassium bisulfate is also used as a disintegrating agent in analytical chemistry or as a precursor to prepare potassium persulfate, a powerful oxidizing agent.[6]

Occurrence

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Mercallite, the mineralogical form of potassium bisulfate, occurs very rarely.[7] Misenite is another more complex form of potassium bisulfate with the formula K8H6(SO4)7.

References

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  1. ^ a b Washington Wiley, Harvey (1895). Principles and Practice of Agricultural Analysis: Fertilizers. Easton, PA.: Chemical Publishing Co. p. 218. Retrieved 31 December 2015. Potassium disulfate.
  • ^ H. Schultz; G. Bauer; E. Schachl; F. Hagedorn; P. Schmittinger (2005). "Potassium Compounds". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a22_039. ISBN 978-3-527-30673-2.
  • ^ Pradyot, Patnaik (2003). Handbook of Inorganic Chemicals. New York: McGraw-Hill. p. 636. ISBN 978-0-07-049439-8.
  • ^ Iredelle Dillard Hinds, John (1908). Inorganic Chemistry: With the Elements of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry. New York: John Wiley & Sons. p. 547. Retrieved 31 December 2015. Potassium disulfate.
  • ^ Weisblatt, Jayne; Montney, Charles B. (2006). Chemical Compounds. ISBN 978-1-4144-0453-0.
  • ^ Brauer, Georg (1963). Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry Vol. 1, 2nd Ed. New York: Academic Press. p. 392. ISBN 978-0-12-126601-1.
  • ^ "Mercallite: Mineral information, data and localities". mindat.org. Retrieved 2019-05-08.

    • Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Potassium_bisulfate&oldid=1217378847"
      



    Last edited on 5 April 2024, at 13:50  





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    ●This page was last edited on 5 April 2024, at 13:50 (UTC).
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