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'''Étienne-Ossian Henry''' ([[Paris]] |
'''Étienne-Ossian Henry''' (27 November 1798 in [[Paris]] – 26 August 1873) was a [[French people|French]] [[chemist]], son of [[Noël-Étienne Henry]] (1769–1832), and trained by his father, who was director of the Central Pharmacy of the Parisian hospitals and professor in the School of Pharmacy.<ref>[http://www.bium.univ-paris5.fr/sfhm/pdf/journees_automne_2008_ref.pdf Journées d'Histoire des Maladies des Os et des Articulations] 2 sept. 2009 "Henry (Ossian) 1798-1873. Pharmacien, fils de Noël-Étienne Henry (1769-1832), pharmacien des hôpitaux. Membre de l'Académie royale de"</ref><ref>Journal de chimie medicale, de pharmacie, de toxicologie - Volume 5 - Page 92 1829 "M. Ossian Henry lit un mémoire sur les bromures et sur les moyens de les obtenir: i° en combinant l'acide hydro- bromique avec les bases; a° en se servant du bromure de fer ohtenu par le procédé suivi par M. Caillot pour obtenir l'iodure de .."</ref> In 1824, he became director of the chemical laboratory of the [[Académie Nationale de Médecine|Academy of Medicine]]. He discovered [[Sinapine|sinapin]] and studied [[mineral water]]s, the milk of various animals, [[nicotine]], and [[tannin]].<ref>Gerhard Schulze, Gerhardt Jander, Karl-Friedrich Jahr ''Maßanalyse: Theorie und Praxis der Titrationen mit chemischen und physikalischen Indikationen'' 2010 Page 311: ''"Im gleichen Jahr veröffentlichte Étienne Ossian Henry (1798−1873) eine Arbeit, in der er über die fällungstitrimetrische Kaliumbestimmung mit Natriumperchloratlösung … in Alkohol berichtete."'' (In the same year Étienne Ossian Henry (1798−1873) published a work in which he reported about the determination of potassium by the precipitation method of titration using a solution of sodium perchlorate … in alcohol [i.e., ethanol].)</ref> In 1827, with [[Auguste-Arthur Plisson]], who had studied under his father, he discovered [[aspartic acid]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Traité de chimie|trans-title=Treaty on chemistry|volume=3|author1-first=Jöns Jakob|author1-last=Berzelius|author1-link=Jöns Jacob Berzelius|author2-first=Olof Gustaf|author2-last=Öngren|year=1839|language=French|publisher=A. Wahlen et Cie.|location=Brussels|page=81|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=szLPAAAAMAAJ|access-date=25 August 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|first=R.H.A.|last=Plimmer|editor1-first=R.H.A.|editor1-last=Plimmer|editor2-first=F.G.|editor2-last=Hopkins|title=The chemical composition of the proteins|edition=2|series=Monographs on biochemistry|volume=Part I. Analysis|orig-year=1908|year=1912|publisher=[[Longmans, Green and Co.]]|location= London|page=112|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7JM8AAAAIAAJ|access-date=25 August 2015}}</ref> |
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In 1845, he invented the first true [[burette]] for titration, which is a widely used device in analytical chemistry and related fields.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Henry|first1=O.|title=Nouvelles expériences sur l'essai des potasses du commerce et appareil dit potassimètre pour l'effectuer|journal=Journale de Pharmacie et de Chimie|date=1845|volume=7|pages=214–222|url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.hx3kbt;view=1up;seq=216|series=3rd series|trans-title=New experiments on the assay of commercial potash and an apparatus called a "potassimeter" to perform it|language=French}} A sketch of Henry's burette appears on p. 218. From p. 218: ''"AC est un tube de verre d'une longuere de 60 centimètres environ, et d'un diamètre de 4 millimètres à peu près. En A se trouve un entonnoir de verre soudé ou adapté à volunté; et en B un petite robinet en cuivre terminé par un tube capillaire. Ce robinet s'adjuste au tube par un bon bouchon et avec de la cire à cacheter. Le tube AB est fixé par ''deux crochets'' au long d'une échelle inscrite sur une planche, et cette échelle est divisé en 100 parties égales. Le tout est supporté par un pied qui permet de placer le tube AB au-dessus du vase M contenant le sel de potasse à essayer."'' (AC is a glass tube [that's] about 60 cm. long, and nearly 4 mm. in diameter. At A, a glass funnel is joined or fitted as desired; and at B [there is] a small copper valve ending with a capillary tube. This valve is fitted to the tube by a good cap and with sealing wax. The tube AB is fixed by ''two brackets'' along a scale [that's] inscribed on a plate, and this scale is divided into 100 equal parts. The whole is supported by a base that permits placing the tube AB above a vase M containing the potassium salt to be assayed.)</ref><ref>See: |
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* {{cite journal|last1=Szabadváry|first1=Ferenc|title=The history of chemical laboratory equipment|journal=Periodica Polytechnica Chemical Engineering|date=1986|volume=30|issue=1–2|pages=77–95|url=https://pp.bme.hu/ch/article/view/2829/1934}} See p. 87. |
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* {{cite book|last1=Szabadváry|first1=Ferenc|title=History of Analytical Chemistry|date=1966|publisher=Permagon Press|location=Oxford, England|page=237|isbn=9781483157122|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=icn9BAAAQBAJ&pg=PA237|translator=Gyula Svehla}} |
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* {{cite journal|last1=Christophe|first1=R.|title=L'analyse volumétrique de 1790 à 1860. Caractéristiques et importance industrielle. Evolution des instruments.|journal=Revue d'histoire des sciences|date=1971|volume=24|issue=1|pages=25–44|doi=10.3406/rhs.1971.3172|url=http://www.persee.fr/doc/rhs_0151-4105_1971_num_24_1_3172|trans-title=Volumetric analysis from 1790–1860. Characteristics and industrial importance. Evolution of instruments.|language=French}} From p. 38: ''" … il préfigure bien ses descendants actuelles … "'' ( … it [i.e., Henry's burette] foreshadows well its modern descendants … )</ref> |
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| ⚫ | His son was [[Emmanuel-Ossian Henry]] (1826-1867).<ref>Discours prononcés sur la tombe d'Emmanuel Ossian Henry P.. Doré, Félix Henri de Ranse, Morétin ((Médecin).) - 1867</ref><ref>The Nation 106 p567 "1918 Henry Biography," pp. IBS, 189. Paris in 1798 (not, as Larousse has it, in 1793) and died there in 1873. Son of a distinguished father, Noel-fitienne Henry (1769-1832), and father of a distinguished son, Emmanuel-Ossian Henry (1826-1867), ..."</ref><ref>[http://www2.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/bio/?cle=18888 HENRY (Emmanuel Ossian)] 07/11/1826 - 31/03/1867</ref> |
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His son was [[Emmanuel-Ossian Henry]] (1826-1867).<ref> |
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==Works== |
==Works== |
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His works include: |
His works include: |
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*''Traité pratique d'analyse chimique des |
*''Traité pratique d'analyse chimique des eaux minérales'' (second edition, 1858), with his father |
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*''Mémoiré sur l'analyse organique'' (1830), with Plisson |
*''Mémoiré sur l'analyse organique'' (1830), with Plisson |
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*''Analyse chimique des |
*''Analyse chimique des eaux qui alimentent les fontaines publiques de Paris'' (1848), with Boutron-Gharland |
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*A translation of the ''[[Pharmacopoeia|Codex Medicamentarius]]'' (1827), with Ratier |
*A translation of the ''[[Pharmacopoeia|Codex Medicamentarius]]'' (1827), with Ratier |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
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*{{NIE|title=HENRY, aN're', Etienne Ossian (1798-1873)|page=777}} |
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*{{NIE}} |
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==External links== |
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* [http://chimie.these.free.fr/CHIMTHE384.htm Notice sur les travaux de M. Henry fils: ''Pharmacien, membre de l'Academie royale de medecine, ex-sous-chef a la Pharmacie centrale, membre des societes de pharmacie, de chimie medicale, des pharmaciens de l'allemagne septentrionale, l'un des redacteurs du journal de pharmacie, etc.''] |
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{{Persondata |
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| name = Henry, Etienne Ossian |
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| date of birth = 1798 |
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| place of birth = |
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| date of death = 1873 |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Henry, Etienne Ossian}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Henry, Etienne Ossian}} |
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[[Category:French chemists]] |
[[Category:19th-century French chemists]] |
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[[Category:French science writers]] |
[[Category:French science writers]] |
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[[Category:1798 births]] |
[[Category:1798 births]] |
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[[Category:1873 deaths|Henry, Etienne Henry]] |
[[Category:1873 deaths|Henry, Etienne Henry]] |
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[[Category:French male non-fiction writers]] |
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Étienne-Ossian Henry (27 November 1798 in Paris – 26 August 1873) was a French chemist, son of Noël-Étienne Henry (1769–1832), and trained by his father, who was director of the Central Pharmacy of the Parisian hospitals and professor in the School of Pharmacy.[1][2] In 1824, he became director of the chemical laboratory of the Academy of Medicine. He discovered sinapin and studied mineral waters, the milk of various animals, nicotine, and tannin.[3] In 1827, with Auguste-Arthur Plisson, who had studied under his father, he discovered aspartic acid.[4][5]
In 1845, he invented the first true burette for titration, which is a widely used device in analytical chemistry and related fields.[6][7]
His son was Emmanuel-Ossian Henry (1826-1867).[8][9][10]
His works include:
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Gilman, D. C.; Peck, H. T.; Colby, F. M., eds. (1905). "HENRY, aN're', Etienne Ossian (1798-1873)". New International Encyclopedia (1st ed.). New York: Dodd, Mead. p. 777.| International |
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