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'''[[Dengue fever]]''' is an important [[infectious disease]] in [[Pakistan]] with increasingly frequent [[epidemics]].<ref> |
'''[[Dengue fever]]''' is an important [[infectious disease]] in [[Pakistan]] with increasingly frequent [[epidemics]].<ref>[http://medicalopedia.org/2581/why-pakistan-is-having-the-dengue-epidemic-every-summer/ "Why Pakistan Is Having The Dengue Epidemic Every Summer?"] Medicalopedia 19 March 2012. Accessed 19 March 2012.</ref> Despite the efforts of the [[Government of Pakistan]], especially in [[Government of Punjab (Pakistan)|Punjab]], the high cost of prevention has limited the ability of Pakistan to control epidemics.<ref>[http://nation.com.pk/pakistan-news-newspaper-daily-english-online/Regional/Lahore/11-Sep-2011/CM-takes-stock-of-private-hospitals "Dengue and Government of Pakistan."] The Nation. 11 September 2011. Accessed 11 September 2011.</ref> In Pakistan, in the summer of 2011, more than 300 people died of Dengue fever. The prevalence of the disease was over 14,000. The outbreaks occurred mostly in the [[Lahore]] area, [[Punjab, Pakistan]]. |
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==2011 epidemic== |
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==Morbidity and mortality== |
===Morbidity and mortality=== |
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In November 2010, more than 21,204 people were |
In November 2010, more than 21,204 people were diagnosed with dengue fever.<ref>[http://web.archive.org/web/20120328050650/http://www.arynews.tv/english/newsdetail.asp?nid=38981"Dengue deaths reach 31; over 5,000 infected."] Ary news.tv 4 November 2010. Archived 28March 2012. Accessed 12 May 2013.</ref> Those infected were mainly from [[Punjab, Pakistan]]. Patients were admitted to dedicated wards in government hospitals. The severity of the epidemic was greatest in [[Lahore]].<ref>[http://www.thenews.com.pk/NewsDetail.aspx?ID=23989 "Vicious dengue continues taking lives."] The News.com Accessed12 May 2013.</ref> |
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The secretary of the Punjab Mineral Development Corporation, [[Ataullah Siddiqui]] and [[Ghiasuddin]], a member of the Punjab Public Service Commission died as a result of the [[Dengue]] fever.<ref>http://www.thenews.com.pk/TodaysPrintDetail.aspx?ID=9000&Cat=13&dt=9/25/2011</ref><ref> |
The secretary of the Punjab Mineral Development Corporation, [[Ataullah Siddiqui]] and [[Ghiasuddin]], a member of the Punjab Public Service Commission died as a result of the [[Dengue]] fever.<ref>[http://www.thenews.com.pk/TodaysPrintDetail.aspx?ID=9000&Cat=13&dt=9/25/2011] The News.com</ref><ref>[http://thenews.com.pk/NewsDetail.aspx?ID=22557&title=Sec-Mineral-Development-dies-of-dengue "Secretary Died."] The News.com Accessed 12 September 2011.</ref><ref>[http://www.dunyanews.tv/ "Secretary Mineral Punjab Died."] Dunya News.tv Accessed 12 September 2011.</ref> On 30 September 2011, the Punjab MPA [[Mumtaz Jajja]] also died of dengue fever.<ref>[http://tribune.com.pk/story/263382/dengue-claims-life-of-pml-n-mpa/ "Five more, including PML-N MPA, die in Lahore."] Express Tribune.com</ref> Eight [[China|Chinese]] engineers were taken ill.<ref>[http://www.thenews.com.pk/NewsDetail.aspx?ID=22690&title=No-end-to-Dengue-fever-in-Punjab "No end to Dengue fever in Punjab."] Accessed 12 May 2013.</ref><ref>[http://www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2010/11/03/city/lahore/unbiased-dengue-bites-chinese-workers-as-well/ "Unbiased dengue bites Chinese workers as well."] Pakistan today.com 15 december 2011. Accessed 12 May 2013.</ref> |
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==Government response== |
===Government response=== |
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A special tribunal for Dengue fever was empanelled. The chairman of the Dengue Emergency Response Committee was [[Khawaja Saad Rafique]]. The [[Government of Pakistan]] and the provincial [[Government of Punjab (Pakistan)]] took preventive measures to reduce the spread of the disease. A hotline called the [[Punjab Health Line Project For Dengue]] was opened to facilitate knowledge of the signs and symptoms of dengue fever, provide help people affected and identify areas where the epidemic may have spread. Teams of workers fumigated areas, particularly educational institutions and rural areas where the [[Aedes]] mosquito was present. |
A special tribunal for Dengue fever was empanelled. The chairman of the Dengue Emergency Response Committee was [[Khawaja Saad Rafique]]. The [[Government of Pakistan]] and the provincial [[Government of Punjab (Pakistan)]] took preventive measures to reduce the spread of the disease. A hotline called the [[Punjab Health Line Project For Dengue]] was opened to facilitate knowledge of the signs and symptoms of dengue fever, provide help people affected and identify areas where the epidemic may have spread. Teams of workers fumigated areas, particularly educational institutions and rural areas where the [[Aedes]] mosquito was present. |
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In early September 2011, the [[Government of Punjab (Pakistan)]] ordered the schools, colleges and universities in [[Punjab, Pakistan]] to close for 10 days for intensive fogging to eliminate the vector mosquitoes.<ref> |
In early September 2011, the [[Government of Punjab (Pakistan)]] ordered the schools, colleges and universities in [[Punjab, Pakistan]] to close for 10 days for intensive fogging to eliminate the vector mosquitoes.<ref>[http://vuhelp.net/news-update/12426-all-lahore-universities-will-remain-closed-dengue-10-days-14-september-2011-a.html "Universities Closed for 10 days."] Vuhelp.net 14 September 2011.</ref><ref>[url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/251381/dengue-alert-punjab-govt-closes-schools-for-10-days/ "Dengue alert: Punjab govt closes schools for 10 days."] Express Tribune.com 13 September 2011 Accessed 12 May 2013.</ref><ref>[http://ilm.com.pk/education-news/news/all-punjab-institute-closed-till-25-sep-due-to-dengue-fever/ "Educational Institutions Closed."] ILM.com Accessed 14 September 2011.</ref><ref>[http://benignblog.com/2011/09/epidemic-hits-lahore-pakistan.html "Vector Mosquitoes Identification."] 21 September 2011.</ref> Article 144 was implemented in [[Lahore]] city for the prevention of dengue fever. After an appeal by the [[Government of Punjab (Pakistan)]], private hospitals agreed to provide free treatment to dengue patients.<ref>[http://www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2011/09/11/city/lahore/private-hospitals-to-treat-dengue-patients-free-of-cost/ "Private hospitals to treat dengue patients free of cost."] Pakistan today.com Accessed 12 May 2013.</ref> During dengue fever epidemics, the Pakistan army created camps in [[Lahore]] city. The [[Pakistan Air Force]] has also assisted the government.<ref>[http://tribune.com.pk/story/250366/emergency-measures-army-joins-dengue-fight-on-sharifs-request/ "Reaction of Pakistan Armed Forces."] Express Tribune. Accessed 12 September 2011.</ref><ref>[http://www.thenews.com.pk/TodaysPrintDetail.aspx?ID=67253&Cat=5 "Reactions by Pakistan Army."] The News.com Accessed 12 September 2011.</ref> The Punjab government worked to increase public awareness.<ref>{{cite web|title=Dengue Seminar|url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ahmC-MepNww|publisher=Waqt News|accessdate=11 September 2011}}</ref> Local authorities in [[Hyderabad, Sindh|Hyderabad]] held a seminar.<ref>{{cite web|title=Hyderabad Seminar|url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jbZb1siBrQ4|publisher=Geo News|accessdate=11 September 2011}}</ref> Other programs were held in educational facilities. A 24-hour government sponsored online service, the [[Punjab Health Line Project For Dengue]] provided information about the disease and its prevention. |
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During dengue fever epidemics, the Pakistan army has created camps in [[Lahore]] city. The [[Pakistan Air Force]] has also assisted the government.<ref>{{cite web|title=Reaction of Pakistan Armed Forces|url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/250366/emergency-measures-army-joins-dengue-fight-on-sharifs-request/|publisher=Express Tribune|accessdate=12 September 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Reactions by Pakistan Army|url=http://www.thenews.com.pk/TodaysPrintDetail.aspx?ID=67253&Cat=5|publisher=The News INternational|accessdate=12 September 2011}}</ref> |
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The Punjab government has worked to increase public awareness.<ref>{{cite web|title=Dengue Seminar|url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ahmC-MepNww|publisher=Waqt News|accessdate=11 September 2011}}</ref> Local authorities in [[Hyderabad, Sindh|Hyderabad]] held a seminar.<ref>{{cite web|title=Hyderabad Seminar|url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jbZb1siBrQ4|publisher=Geo News|accessdate=11 September 2011}}</ref> Other programs were held in educational facilities. A 24-hour government sponsored online service, the [[Punjab Health Line Project For Dengue]] provided information about the disease and its prevention. |
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In 2011, the [[Government of Sri Lanka]] gave medicines and staff to Punjab.<ref>{{cite web|title=Sril Lanka's Help|url=http://www.dawn.com/2011/09/11/cm-secures-sri-lankas-support.html|publisher=Dawn News|accessdate=12 September 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Sri Lankan Government Comes in Action|url=http://e.jang.com.pk/09-11-2011/Lahore/pic.asp?picname=193.gif|accessdate=12 September 2011|newspaper=Daily Jhang|date=11 September 2011}}</ref> A group of 12 doctors from [[Sri Lanka]] came to [[Lahore]] to assist.<ref>{{cite web|title=Sri Lankan Doctors Come to Lahore|url=http://asiancorrespondent.com/65008/sri-lanka-comes-to-rescue-pakistan-from-dengue-virus/|publisher=Asian Correspondent|accessdate=15 September 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=15 September 2011|url=http://www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2011/09/sri-lankan-doctors-to-assist-govt-in-dengue-control/|accessdate=15 September 2011|newspaper=Pakistan Today}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://dawn.com/2011/09/12/pakistan-opt-against-drs-use-in-sri-lanka-and-england-test-series/ |newspaper=Dawn |date=12 September 2011 |title=Pakistan opt against DRS use in Sri Lanka and England Tests |deadurl=no |accessdate=12 May 2013}}</ref> The [[Indonesia]]n government dispatched a medical team of twenty to assist the Pakistani authorities.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://dawn.com/2011/10/02/seven-more-succumb-to-dengue-in-city/ |work=Dawn |title=Seven more succumb to dengue in city |deadurl=no |accessdate=12 May 2013}}</ref> The [[World Health Organization]] provided technical guidance along with support for provincial and territorial dengue monitoring and coordination committees.<ref>{{cite web|title=Pakistan hit by Dengue fever outbreak|url=http://www.unmultimedia.org/radio/english/2011/09/pakistan-hit-by-dengue-fever-outbreak/}}</ref> |
In 2011, the [[Government of Sri Lanka]] gave medicines and staff to Punjab.<ref>{{cite web|title=Sril Lanka's Help|url=http://www.dawn.com/2011/09/11/cm-secures-sri-lankas-support.html|publisher=Dawn News|accessdate=12 September 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Sri Lankan Government Comes in Action|url=http://e.jang.com.pk/09-11-2011/Lahore/pic.asp?picname=193.gif|accessdate=12 September 2011|newspaper=Daily Jhang|date=11 September 2011}}</ref> A group of 12 doctors from [[Sri Lanka]] came to [[Lahore]] to assist.<ref>{{cite web|title=Sri Lankan Doctors Come to Lahore|url=http://asiancorrespondent.com/65008/sri-lanka-comes-to-rescue-pakistan-from-dengue-virus/|publisher=Asian Correspondent|accessdate=15 September 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=15 September 2011|url=http://www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2011/09/sri-lankan-doctors-to-assist-govt-in-dengue-control/|accessdate=15 September 2011|newspaper=Pakistan Today}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://dawn.com/2011/09/12/pakistan-opt-against-drs-use-in-sri-lanka-and-england-test-series/ |newspaper=Dawn |date=12 September 2011 |title=Pakistan opt against DRS use in Sri Lanka and England Tests |deadurl=no |accessdate=12 May 2013}}</ref> The [[Indonesia]]n government dispatched a medical team of twenty to assist the Pakistani authorities.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://dawn.com/2011/10/02/seven-more-succumb-to-dengue-in-city/ |work=Dawn |title=Seven more succumb to dengue in city |deadurl=no |accessdate=12 May 2013}}</ref> The [[World Health Organization]] provided technical guidance along with support for provincial and territorial dengue monitoring and coordination committees.<ref>{{cite web|title=Pakistan hit by Dengue fever outbreak|url=http://www.unmultimedia.org/radio/english/2011/09/pakistan-hit-by-dengue-fever-outbreak/}}</ref> |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{Reflist|30em}} |
{{Reflist|30em}} |
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Dengue fever is an important infectious diseaseinPakistan with increasingly frequent epidemics.[1] Despite the efforts of the Government of Pakistan, especially in Punjab, the high cost of prevention has limited the ability of Pakistan to control epidemics.[2] In Pakistan, in the summer of 2011, more than 300 people died of Dengue fever. The prevalence of the disease was over 14,000. The outbreaks occurred mostly in the Lahore area, Punjab, Pakistan.
In November 2010, more than 21,204 people were diagnosed with dengue fever.[3] Those infected were mainly from Punjab, Pakistan. Patients were admitted to dedicated wards in government hospitals. The severity of the epidemic was greatest in Lahore.[4]
The secretary of the Punjab Mineral Development Corporation, Ataullah Siddiqui and Ghiasuddin, a member of the Punjab Public Service Commission died as a result of the Dengue fever.[5][6][7] On 30 September 2011, the Punjab MPA Mumtaz Jajja also died of dengue fever.[8] Eight Chinese engineers were taken ill.[9][10]
A special tribunal for Dengue fever was empanelled. The chairman of the Dengue Emergency Response Committee was Khawaja Saad Rafique. The Government of Pakistan and the provincial Government of Punjab (Pakistan) took preventive measures to reduce the spread of the disease. A hotline called the Punjab Health Line Project For Dengue was opened to facilitate knowledge of the signs and symptoms of dengue fever, provide help people affected and identify areas where the epidemic may have spread. Teams of workers fumigated areas, particularly educational institutions and rural areas where the Aedes mosquito was present. In early September 2011, the Government of Punjab (Pakistan) ordered the schools, colleges and universities in Punjab, Pakistan to close for 10 days for intensive fogging to eliminate the vector mosquitoes.[11][12][13][14] Article 144 was implemented in Lahore city for the prevention of dengue fever. After an appeal by the Government of Punjab (Pakistan), private hospitals agreed to provide free treatment to dengue patients.[15] During dengue fever epidemics, the Pakistan army created camps in Lahore city. The Pakistan Air Force has also assisted the government.[16][17] The Punjab government worked to increase public awareness.[18] Local authorities in Hyderabad held a seminar.[19] Other programs were held in educational facilities. A 24-hour government sponsored online service, the Punjab Health Line Project For Dengue provided information about the disease and its prevention.
In 2011, the Government of Sri Lanka gave medicines and staff to Punjab.[20][21] A group of 12 doctors from Sri Lanka came to Lahore to assist.[22][23][24] The Indonesian government dispatched a medical team of twenty to assist the Pakistani authorities.[25] The World Health Organization provided technical guidance along with support for provincial and territorial dengue monitoring and coordination committees.[26]
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