m partly revert to revision 854916200 dated 2018-08-14 17:34:29 by ScrapIronIV: -unsourced WP:OR IPA; -garish colours.
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Undid revision 855171223 by Michael Bednarek (talk): "garish" in your bigoted perspective. Also there is a source clearly right in front of you, unless your vision is inferior which seems to be the case.
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|sound_title = "A Portuguesa" (instrumental) |
|sound_title = "A Portuguesa" (instrumental) |
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"'''A Portuguesa'''" (The Portuguese [song], {{IPA-pt|ɐ puɾtuˈɣezɐ}}) is the [[national anthem]] of [[Portugal]]. The song was composed by [[Alfredo Keil]] and written by [[Henrique Lopes de Mendonça]] during the resurgent [[nationalism|nationalist]] movement ignited by the [[1890 British Ultimatum]] to Portugal concerning its African colonies. Used as the [[marching song]] of the failed republican rebellion of January 1891, in [[Porto]], it was adopted as the national anthem of the newborn [[First Portuguese Republic|Portuguese Republic]] in 1911, replacing "[[Hino da Carta]]" (Hymn of the Charter), the anthem of the deposed [[constitutional monarchy]]. |
"'''A Portuguesa'''" (The Portuguese [song], {{IPA-pt|ɐ puɾtuˈɣezɐ}}) is the [[national anthem]] of [[Portugal]]. The song was composed by [[Alfredo Keil]] and written by [[Henrique Lopes de Mendonça]] during the resurgent [[nationalism|nationalist]] movement ignited by the [[1890 British Ultimatum]] to Portugal concerning its African colonies. Used as the [[marching song]] of the failed republican rebellion of January 1891, in [[Porto]], it was adopted as the national anthem of the newborn [[First Portuguese Republic|Portuguese Republic]] in 1911, replacing "[[Hino da Carta]]" (Hymn of the Charter), the anthem of the deposed [[constitutional monarchy]].{{cn|date=August 2018}} |
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==History== |
==History== |
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===Lyrics=== |
===Lyrics=== |
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{|class="toccolours" cellpadding="15" rules="cols" |
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{| |
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![[Portuguese language|Portuguese]]!![[Help:IPA/Portuguese|IPA]] transcription<ref>https://european-portuguese.info/ipa#Olá%20mundo!</ref>!![[English language|English]] translation |
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!colspan="3" bgcolor="darkgreen"|<span style="color:yellow">First stanza</span> |
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Nação valente, imortal, |
Nação valente, imortal, |
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Levantai hoje de novo |
Levantai hoje de novo |
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Dos teus egrégios avós, |
Dos teus egrégios avós, |
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Que há-de guiar-te à vitória!|italic=no}}</poem> |
Que há-de guiar-te à vitória!|italic=no}}</poem> |
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|<poem>iˈɾɔjʒ du ˈmaɾ, ˈnobɾɨ ˈpovu, |
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|<poem |
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nɐˈsɐ̃w vɐˈɫẽtɨ, imuɾˈtaɫ, |
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ɫɨvɐ̃ˈtaj ˈoʒɨ dɨ ˈnovu |
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u ʃpɫẽˈdoɾ dɨ puɾtuˈgaɫ |
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ˈẽtɾɨ ɐʒ ˈbɾumɐʒ dɐ mɨˈmɔɾiɐ, |
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ˈɔ ˈpatɾiɐ, ˈsẽtɨ-sɨ ɐ ˈvoʃ |
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duʃ ˈtewz iˈgɾɛʒiuz ɐˈvɔʃ, |
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kɨ ˈa-dɨ giˈaɾ-tɨ à viˈtɔɾiɐ</poem> |
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Valiant and immortal nation, |
Valiant and immortal nation, |
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Raise once again today |
Raise once again today |
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That shall lead you to victory!</poem> |
That shall lead you to victory!</poem> |
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!colspan="3" bgcolor="darkgreen"|<span style="color:yellow">''Chorus''</span> |
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|<poem>''Chorus:'' |
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|<poem>''{{lang|pt|Às armas, às armas! |
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Sobre a terra, sobre o mar, |
Sobre a terra, sobre o mar, |
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Às armas, às armas! |
Às armas, às armas! |
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Pela Pátria lutar! |
Pela Pátria lutar! |
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Contra os canhões, marchar, marchar! |
Contra os canhões, marchar, marchar!}}</poem> |
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|<poem>à ˈaɾmɐʃ, à ˈaɾmɐʃ |
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|<poem style="margin-left: 2em;"> |
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ˈsobɾɨ ɐ ˈteʁɐ, ˈsobɾɨ u ˈmaɾ, |
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à ˈaɾmɐʃ, à ˈaɾmɐʃ |
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ˈpeɫɐ ˈpatɾiɐ ɫuˈtaɾ |
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ˈkõtɾɐ uʃ kɐˈɲõjʃ, maɾˈʃaɾ, maɾˈʃaɾ</poem> |
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|<poem>''To arms, to arms! |
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Over land, over sea, |
Over land, over sea, |
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To arms, to arms! |
To arms, to arms! |
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Against the cannons, march on, march on!</poem> |
Against the cannons, march on, march on!</poem> |
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!colspan="3" bgcolor="red"|<span style="color:yellow">Second stanza</span> |
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À luz viva do teu céu! |
À luz viva do teu céu! |
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Brade a Europa à terra inteira: |
Brade a Europa à terra inteira: |
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O Oceano, a rugir d'amor, |
O Oceano, a rugir d'amor, |
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E teu braço vencedor |
E teu braço vencedor |
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Deu mundos novos ao Mundo!|italic=no}} |
Deu mundos novos ao Mundo!|italic=no}}</poem> |
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|<poem>dɨʃˈfɾaɫdɐ ɐ ĩˈviktɐ bɐ̃wˈdɐjɾɐ, |
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''Chorus''</poem> |
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à ˈɫuʒ ˈvivɐ du ˈtew ˈsɛw |
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ˈbɾadɨ ɐ iwˈɾopɐ à ˈteʁɐ ĩˈtɐjɾɐ |
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puɾtuˈgaɫ ˈnɐ̃w pɨɾɨˈsew |
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ˈbɐjʒɐ u ˈsoɫu ˈtew ʒuˈkũdu |
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u osiˈɐnu, ɐ ʁuˈʒiɾ ɐˈmoɾ, |
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i ˈtew ˈbɾasu vẽsɨˈdoɾ |
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ˈdew ˈmũduʒ ˈnovuz ˈau ˈmũdu</poem> |
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In the lively light of your sky! |
In the lively light of your sky! |
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May Europe cry out to the whole Earth: |
May Europe cry out to the whole Earth: |
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The ocean, roaring with love, |
The ocean, roaring with love, |
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And your victorious arm |
And your victorious arm |
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Gave new worlds to the world! |
Gave new worlds to the world!</poem> |
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</poem> |
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!colspan="3" bgcolor="red"|<span style="color:yellow">''Chorus''</span> |
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|- |
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|<poem>''{{lang|pt|Às armas, às armas! |
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Sobre a terra, sobre o mar, |
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⚫ | |||
Pela Pátria lutar! |
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Contra os canhões, marchar, marchar!}}</poem> |
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|<poem>à ˈaɾmɐʃ, à ˈaɾmɐʃ |
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ˈsobɾɨ ɐ ˈteʁɐ, ˈsobɾɨ u ˈmaɾ, |
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à ˈaɾmɐʃ, à ˈaɾmɐʃ |
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ˈpeɫɐ ˈpatɾiɐ ɫuˈtaɾ |
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ˈkõtɾɐ uʃ kɐˈɲõjʃ, maɾˈʃaɾ, maɾˈʃaɾ</poem> |
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|<poem>''To arms, to arms! |
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Over land, over sea, |
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For the Fatherland, fight! |
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Against the cannons, march on, march on!</poem> |
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|- |
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!colspan="3" bgcolor="red"|<span style="color:yellow">Third stanza</span> |
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Sobre um ridente porvir; |
Sobre um ridente porvir; |
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Seja o eco de uma afronta |
Seja o eco de uma afronta |
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São como beijos de mãe, |
São como beijos de mãe, |
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Que nos guardam, nos sustêm, |
Que nos guardam, nos sustêm, |
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Contra as injúrias da sorte.|italic=no}} |
Contra as injúrias da sorte.|italic=no}}</poem> |
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|<poem>sawˈdaj u ˈsɔɫ kɨ dɨʃˈpõtɐ |
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''Chorus''</poem> |
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ˈsobɾɨ ˈũ ʁiˈdẽtɨ puɾˈviɾ; |
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ˈsɐjʒɐ u ˈeku dɨ ˈumɐ ɐˈfɾõtɐ |
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u siˈnaɫ du ʁɨsuɾˈʒiɾ |
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ˈʁajuʒ ˈdesɐ awˈɾoɾɐ ˈfoɾtɨ |
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ˈsɐ̃w ˈkomu ˈbɐjʒuʒ dɨ ˈmɐ̃j, |
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kɨ nuʒ ˈgwaɾdɐ̃w, nuʃ suʃˈtɐ̃jɐ̃j, |
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ˈkõtɾɐ ɐz ĩˈʒuɾiɐʒ dɐ ˈsoɾtɨ</poem> |
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Over a gleeful future; |
Over a gleeful future; |
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Let the echo of an offense |
Let the echo of an offense |
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Are like a mother's kisses, |
Are like a mother's kisses, |
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That keep us, sustain us, |
That keep us, sustain us, |
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Against the injuries of fate. |
Against the injuries of fate.</poem> |
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</poem> |
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!colspan="3" bgcolor="red"|<span style="color:yellow">''Chorus''</span> |
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|- |
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|<poem>''{{lang|pt|Às armas, às armas! |
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Sobre a terra, sobre o mar, |
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Às armas, às armas! |
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Pela Pátria lutar! |
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Contra os canhões, marchar, marchar!}}</poem> |
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|<poem>à ˈaɾmɐʃ, à ˈaɾmɐʃ |
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ˈsobɾɨ ɐ ˈteʁɐ, ˈsobɾɨ u ˈmaɾ, |
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à ˈaɾmɐʃ, à ˈaɾmɐʃ |
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ˈpeɫɐ ˈpatɾiɐ ɫuˈtaɾ |
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ˈkõtɾɐ uʃ kɐˈɲõjʃ, maɾˈʃaɾ, maɾˈʃaɾ</poem> |
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|<poem>''To arms, to arms! |
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Over land, over sea, |
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To arms, to arms! |
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For the Fatherland, fight! |
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Against the cannons, march on, march on!</poem> |
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The anthem's official version consists of the first [[stanza]] and the [[refrain|chorus]] from Mendonça's poem only.{{ |
The anthem's official version consists of the first [[stanza]] and the [[refrain|chorus]] from Mendonça's poem only.{{cn|date=August 2018}} |
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The last line of the chorus,『{{Lang|pt|Contra os canhões marchar, marchar!|italic=no}}』(Against the cannons, march, march!), is an alteration of the original,『{{Lang|pt|Contra os bretões marchar, marchar|italic=no}}』(Against the Britons, march, march!), a call to arms against the 1890 British Ultimatum.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.portugal.com/portugal/anthem |title=Portugal Anthem |publisher=Portugal.com |accessdate=2008-10-02| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20081003065158/http://portugal.com/portugal/anthem| archivedate= 3 October 2008 <!--DASHBot-->| deadurl= no}}</ref> |
The last line of the chorus,『{{Lang|pt|Contra os canhões marchar, marchar!|italic=no}}』(Against the cannons, march, march!), is an alteration of the original,『{{Lang|pt|Contra os bretões marchar, marchar|italic=no}}』(Against the Britons, march, march!), a call to arms against the 1890 British Ultimatum.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.portugal.com/portugal/anthem |title=Portugal Anthem |publisher=Portugal.com |accessdate=2008-10-02| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20081003065158/http://portugal.com/portugal/anthem| archivedate= 3 October 2008 <!--DASHBot-->| deadurl= no}}</ref> |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{ |
{{reflist}} |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
English: The Portuguese | |
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![]()
Music and lyrics (1957)
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National anthem of ![]() | |
Lyrics | Henrique Lopes de Mendonça, 1890 |
Music | Alfredo Keil, 1890 |
Adopted | 5 October 1910 (de facto) 19 July 1911 (de jure) |
Audio sample | |
"A Portuguesa" (instrumental)
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"A Portuguesa" (The Portuguese [song], Portuguese pronunciation: [ɐ puɾtuˈɣezɐ]) is the national anthemofPortugal. The song was composed by Alfredo Keil and written by Henrique Lopes de Mendonça during the resurgent nationalist movement ignited by the 1890 British Ultimatum to Portugal concerning its African colonies. Used as the marching song of the failed republican rebellion of January 1891, in Porto, it was adopted as the national anthem of the newborn Portuguese Republic in 1911, replacing "Hino da Carta" (Hymn of the Charter), the anthem of the deposed constitutional monarchy.[citation needed]
On 11 January 1890, the United Kingdom issued the 1890 British Ultimatum demanding that Portugal refrain from occupying land lying between the Portuguese colonies of Angola, on the west coast of Africa, and Mozambique, on the east coast, thereby forming one contiguous polity (as proposed on the Pink Map). Despite a popular uproar, the Portuguese government was forced to accept the U.K.'s demands. This contributed to the unpopularity of King Carlos I and the monarchy, and it garnered support for the increasingly popular republican movement in Portugal.[1]
The night after the ultimatum was accepted, composer Alfredo Keil, at the suggestion of a group of friends that included Rafael Bordalo Pinheiro and Teófilo Braga, wrote the melody for "A Portuguesa" as a patriotic protest march. Inspired by the outrage felt by the Portuguese people, the lyricist, Henrique Lopes de Mendonça, accepted Keil's request to create words to suit his melody. Mendonça said "A Portuguesa" was a song "where the fatherland's wounded soul would merge with its ambitions of freedom and revival"; he hoped it would be an anthem, embraced by the people, that could express their yearning for national vindication. Such expressions are epitomized by "La Marseillaise", the Portuguese fado, and "Hino da Maria da Fonte" (The Maria da Fonte anthem).[2] The march was quickly disseminated; several thousands of copies of the sheet music were freely distributed, together with fliers and posters. The song's popularity also spread across national borders, and verses were translated into other languages.[2]
On several stages in Lisbon, "A Portuguesa" drew special attention. On 29 March 1890, the march was performed at the Great Patriotic Concert, held at the Teatro Nacional de São Carlos (Saint Charles National Theatre), as well as at every other theatre in the capital. Beyond its use in cultural displays, "A Portuguesa" was also exploited for commercial gain. Several food products, including canned sardines and cookies, were named for this song.[2]
However, the song was perceived as a political weapon, and it was soon converted into a republican hymn. This political co-option of the theme's original meaning forced both authors to disavow this vision and stress its purely non-partisan sentiments.[2] On 31 January 1891, a republican-inspired rebellion broke out in the northern city of Porto and "A Portuguesa" was adopted by the rebels as their marching song. The rebellion was crushed, and the song was banned. However, it was never forgotten, and, on 5 October 1910, a new and stronger rebellion developed as "A Portuguesa" played in the background. A year later, the first session of the Constituent Assembly officially proclaimed it as the national anthem.[1]
In 1956, the emergence of melodic variants of the anthem forced the government to create a committee whose aim was to define an official version. On 16 July 1957, the current version was proposed, and it was approved by the Council of Ministers.[1]
Portuguese | IPA transcription[3] | English translation |
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First stanza | ||
Heróis do mar, nobre povo, |
iˈɾɔjʒ du ˈmaɾ, ˈnobɾɨ ˈpovu, |
Heroes of the sea, noble people, |
Chorus | ||
Às armas, às armas! |
à ˈaɾmɐʃ, à ˈaɾmɐʃ |
To arms, to arms! |
Second stanza | ||
Desfralda a invicta Bandeira, |
dɨʃˈfɾaɫdɐ ɐ ĩˈviktɐ bɐ̃wˈdɐjɾɐ, |
Hoist the undefeated flag, |
Chorus | ||
Às armas, às armas! |
à ˈaɾmɐʃ, à ˈaɾmɐʃ |
To arms, to arms! |
Third stanza | ||
Saudai o Sol que desponta |
sawˈdaj u ˈsɔɫ kɨ dɨʃˈpõtɐ |
Salute the Sun that rises |
Chorus | ||
Às armas, às armas! |
à ˈaɾmɐʃ, à ˈaɾmɐʃ |
To arms, to arms! |
The anthem's official version consists of the first stanza and the chorus from Mendonça's poem only.[citation needed]
The last line of the chorus, "Contra os canhões marchar, marchar!" (Against the cannons, march, march!), is an alteration of the original, "Contra os bretões marchar, marchar" (Against the Britons, march, march!), a call to arms against the 1890 British Ultimatum.[4]
Within Portugal, the anthem is played at both civilian and military ceremonies where the country, flag, or head of state (the President of the Republic) is honoured. It is also played at receptions for foreign heads of state, following that of the visitor, and in ceremonies during official presidential visits to other countries.[1]
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