Removing 1-rupees-2011-obs.png; it has been deleted from Commons by Ellywa because: per c:Commons:Deletion requests/File:1-rupees-2011-obs.png.
|
Undid revision 1221547742byTanishq Mishra (talk) not a grammar correction and not according to date style
|
||
(47 intermediate revisions by 16 users not shown) | |||
Line 1:
{{Short description|none}} <!-- This short description is INTENTIONALLY "none" - please see WP:SDNONE before you consider changing it! -->
{{About|coinage in the modern republic of India|the coinage of ancient India|Coinage of India}}
{{For|coinage before Indian independence|Coins of British India}}
[[File:Proof coins from India of 1973, photographed from a personal collection in Mumbai, India, November 28, 2018.jpg|thumb|1973 Indian proof set of coins]]
'''Coins of the Indian rupee''' ('''₹''') were first minted in 1950.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mintageworld.com/coin/dynasty/30/|title=Modern Coins {{!}} Modern Indian Coins {{!}} Coins of Modern India {{!}} Mintage World|website=mintageworld.com|access-date=2019-05-16|archive-date=2019-06-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190608045207/https://www.mintageworld.com/coin/dynasty/30/|url-status=live}}</ref> New coins have been produced annually since then and they make up a valuable aspect of the Indian currency system. Today, circulating coins exist in denominations of One Rupee, Two Rupees, Five Rupees, Ten Rupees and Twenty Rupees. All of these are produced by four mints located across India,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.spmcil.com/Interface/history_corporate.aspx?menue=1|title=History|website=spmcil.com|access-date=2019-05-16|archive-date=2019-04-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190415185406/http://spmcil.com/Interface/history_corporate.aspx?menue=1|url-status=live}}</ref> in [[India Government Mint, Kolkata|Kolkata]], [[India Government Mint, Mumbai|Mumbai]], [[India Government Mint, Hyderabad|Hyderabad]], [[India Government Mint, Noida|Noida.]]
==History==
After [[Indian Independence Act 1947|Indian independence]] in 1947, British Indian coins were in use as a frozen currency until the [[dominion of India]] became a republic in 1950. The first rupee coins of the Republic of India were minted in 1950.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://coinsofrepublicindia.blogspot.com/p/definitive-coins.html|title=Republic India Coins, Proof Set, Currencies: Definitive Coins|website=Republic India Coins, Proof Set, Currencies|access-date=2019-05-16|archive-date=2018-10-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181028020712/http://coinsofrepublicindia.blogspot.com/p/definitive-coins.html|url-status=live}}</ref> These included 1/2
In 1957, India shifted to the decimal system, though for a short period of time, both decimal and non-decimal coins were in circulation. To distinguish between the two pice coins in circulation, the coins minted between 1957 and 1964 were printed with the legend “Naya Paisa” (“New Paisa”).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://coinsofrepublicindia.blogspot.com/p/interesting-facts.html|title=Republic India Coins, Proof Set, Currencies: Interesting Facts|website=Republic India Coins, Proof Set, Currencies|access-date=2019-05-16|archive-date=2018-12-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181204153124/http://coinsofrepublicindia.blogspot.com/p/interesting-facts.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The denominations in circulation were 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, 20, 25, 50 (naya) paisa and one rupee. Since rupees retained their pre-decimal value, pre-decimal coins of one, half and quarter rupees remained in circulation after [[decimalisation]]. With effect from 30 September 1968, all anna coins and British Indian (pre-decimalisation) rupee coins minted in quarternary alloy (1/2 silver composition) were officially demonetised, though pre-decimalisation rupee coins minted in pure nickel, including British Indian issues from June 1946 onwards, continued to be legal tender.<ref>{{cite web|title=Clarification on Demonetised Coins|url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/FINANCE/1968-MAY-DEC-MINISTRY-OF-FINANCE/PDF/FIN-1968-05-22_016.pdf|website=Press Information Bureau of India - Archive|date=22 May 1968|access-date=29 May 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Demonetisation of Quarternary Alloy and Four-Anna Scalloped Coins|url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/FINANCE/1968-JAN-APR-FINANCE/PDF/FIN-1968-04-25_104.pdf|website=Press Information Bureau of India - Archive|date=25 April 1968|access-date=29 May 2023}}</ref>
The word "naya" was dropped in 1964 and a new denomination, the 3 paisa, was introduced into circulation. A 20 paisa coin was minted in 1968. Neither of these coins gained much popularity. The 1, 2 and 3 paisa coins were phased out gradually in the 1970s. In 1982, a new 2 rupee coin was introduced experimentally to replace 2 rupee notes. The 2 rupee coin was not minted again till 1990, after which it was minted every following year.
Line 13 ⟶ 14:
[[Stainless steel]] coinage of 10, 25 and 50 paisa was introduced in 1988. In 1992, a new stainless steel rupee coin, smaller and lighter than the older rupee, was minted, alongside a 5 rupee Cupronickel coin.
In 2005, the [[Indian 10-rupee coin|10 rupee coin]] was minted for the first time. Higher denomination coins were introduced due to an increasing demand for change and the increasing cost of printing
On 30 June 2011, all coins in denominations of 25 paisa and below were officially demonetised.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rbi.org.in/Scripts/BS_PressReleaseDisplay.aspx?prid=24418|title=Coins of 25 paise and below will not be Legal Tender from June 30, 2011|date=May 18, 2011|website=rbi.org.in|access-date=May 16, 2019|archive-date=July 31, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220731182557/https://www.rbi.org.in/Scripts/BS_PressReleaseDisplay.aspx?prid=24418|url-status=live}}</ref>
Commemorative coins in circulation can be found in various denominations. They depict various special events or people, including [[Mahatma Gandhi]], [[Jawaharlal Nehru]], [[Indira Gandhi]], [[B. R. Ambedkar]], [[Rajiv Gandhi]], [[Dnyaneshwar]], the 1982 [[Asian Games]], [[
==Coin series: 1947–1957 (pre-decimalization)==
Line 23 ⟶ 24:
=== Union of India 1947–1950 ===
At Independence on 15 August 1947, India was partitioned into the new [[Dominion of India]] and [[Dominion of Pakistan]]. The new Dominion (or Union) of India retained the previous imperial currency with the portrait of [[King George VI]]. The basic unit of currency was the [[Indian rupee]], which was itself divided into [[Indian anna|annas]] (16 annas to a rupee) and pice (the old spelling of [[Indian paisa|paisa]]
From 15 August 1947 until 26 January 1950, the Indian coinage structure was as follows:
{|class="wikitable"
!
!Annas
!Pice
!Pies (''demonetized after 1947'')
|-
|₹
|16 annas
|64 pice
|192 pies
|-
|'''Half
|8 annas
|32 pice
|96 pies
|-
|'''Quarter
|4 annas
|16 pice
|48 pies
|-
|1/8
|'''2 annas'''
|8 pice
|24 pies
|-
|1/16
|'''1 anna'''
|4 pice
|12 pies
|-
|1/32
|'''Half anna'''
|2 pice
|6 pies
|-
|1/64
|1/4 anna
|'''1 pice'''
Line 90 ⟶ 91:
!Reverse
|-
|[[Indian 1-rupee coin|One Rupee]]
|[[File:1-rupee-1947-george-vi-obs.png|100px|One rupee coin (George VI series) 1957, observe]]
|[[File:1-rupee-1947-george-vi-rev.png|100px|One rupee coin (George VI series) 1957, reverse]]
Line 111 ⟶ 112:
|1946 - 1947
|-
|[[File:2 annas 1947 R.jpg|alt=|100x100px|Two annas coin (George VI series) 1946, observe]]
|[[File:2 annas 1947 O.jpg|alt=|100x100px|Two annas coin (George VI series) 1946, reverse]]
| {{coin-silver-color}}|Copper - Nickel
|Square
|22 mm
|1946 - 1947
Line 135 ⟶ 130:
|[[File:1 anna 1947 R.jpg|alt=|100x100px|Two annas coin (George VI series) 1946, observe]]
|[[File:1 anna 1947 O.jpg|alt=|100x100px|Two annas coin (George VI series) 1946, observe]]
|
|21 mm
|1946 - 1947
|-
| rowspan="2" |1/2 Anna
|[[File:2 annas 1945 R.jpg|alt=|100x100px|Quarter rupee coin (George VI series) 1947, observe]]
|[[File:2 annas 1945 O.jpg|alt=|100x100px|Quarter rupee coin (George VI series) 1947, observe]]
| {{coin-yellow-color}}|Nickel - Brass
| rowspan="2" |Square
|25.1 mm
|1945
|-
|[[File:Half anna 1946 R.jpg|alt=|100x100px]]
|[[File:Half anna 1946 O.jpg|alt=|100x100px]]
| {{coin-silver-color}}|Copper - Nickel
|19.7 mm
|1946 - 1947
Line 173 ⟶ 175:
!Reverse
|-
| [[Indian 1-rupee coin|One Rupee]]
|[[File:1 Indian rupee (1954) - Obverse.jpg|100px]]
|[[File:1 Indian rupee (1954) - Reverse.jpg|100px]]
Line 228 ⟶ 230:
===Decimalization===
The move towards decimalization was afoot for over a century. However, it was in September, 1955 that the [[Indian Coinage Act]] was amended for the country to adopt a metric system for coinage. The Act came into force with effect from 1 April 1957, after which anna and pice denominations were demonetised.<ref
The rupee remained unchanged in value and nomenclature. It, however, was now divided into 100 'paisa' instead of 16 annas or 64 pice. Effective from 30 June 2011, all coins in denominations of 25 paisa and below were officially demonetized.<ref>Krause, Chester. Mishler, Clifford. "India-Republic," 2005 Standard Catalog of World Coins 1901-present, 32nd edition. Krause Publications. Iola, WI</ref>
{|class="wikitable"
Line 236 ⟶ 240:
|-
|N/A
|[[Indian 20-rupee coin|20 rupees]]
|2019–present
|-
|N/A
|[[Indian 10-rupee coin|10 rupees]]
|2005–present
|-
|N/A
|[[Indian 5-rupee coin|5 rupees]]
|1992–present
|-
|N/A
|[[Indian 2-rupee coin|2 rupees]]
|1982–present
|-
|[[Indian rupee|Rupee]]
|
|1962–present
|-
|Half rupee
|
|1957–2016
|-
|Quarter rupee
|
|1957-2002. Demonetized from 2011.
|-
|N/A
|
|1968-1994. Demonetized from 2011.
|-
|2 annas<ref name="decimal_conv."/>
|
|1957-1998. Demonetized from 2011.
|-
|[[Indian anna|Anna]]<ref name="decimal_conv."/>
|
|1957-1994. Demonetized from 2011.
|-
|Half anna
|
|1964-1972; proofs minted until 1981. Demonetized from 2011.
|-
|Pice
|
|1957-1979; proofs minted until 1981. Demonetized from 2011.
|-
|N/A
|[[Indian 1-paisa coin|1 paisa]]
|1957-1972; proofs minted until 1981. Demonetized from 2011, but retained as a unit of currency.
|}
Line 290 ⟶ 294:
== Coin series 1957–present (decimal) ==
=== Naya
The antiquated spelling of "pice" was modified to "paisa" in the singular and "paise" in the plural. For public recognition, the new decimal paisa was termed 'Naya Paisa' (New Paisa) till 1 June 1964 when the term 'Naya' was dropped. The coins of
{| class="wikitable"
|+Naya Paisa Series (
|-
! rowspan="2" | Denomination !! colspan="2" | Image
Line 308 ⟶ 312:
!Reverse
|-
|[[Indian 1-rupee coin|One rupee]]
|
|
Line 317 ⟶ 321:
|1962 - 1974
|-
|
|
|24 mm
|1957 - 1963
|-
|
|
|19 mm
|1957 - 1963
|-
|
| [[File:10-paise-1957-rev.png|100px|Ten paise coin, 1957, reverse]]
| rowspan="3" {{coin-silver-color}}|Cupro-Nickel
Line 334 ⟶ 338:
|1957 - 1963
|-
| 5 naye paise
| [[File:5-paise-1958-obs.png|95x95px|Five paise coin, 1958, observe|alt=]]
| [[File:5-paise-1958-rev.png|95x95px|Five paise coin, 1958, reverse|alt=]]
Line 341 ⟶ 345:
|1957 - 1963
|-
| [[2 naye paise (Indian coin)|
|[[File:2-paise-1958-obs.png|70px|Two paise coin, 1958, observe]]
|[[File:2-paise-1958-rev.png|70px|Two paise coin, 1958, reverse]]
Line 348 ⟶ 352:
|1957 - 1963
|-
| rowspan="2" | [[1 naya paisa (Indian coin)|
| [[File:1 naya paisa (obverse).jpg|60x60px|alt=]]
| [[File:1 naya paisa (reverse).jpg|60x60px|alt=]]
Line 362 ⟶ 366:
|}
=== Paisa
In June 1964, the term 'Naya' was dropped and the coins were as
{| class="wikitable"
|+Paisa Series I with Devanagari Legend (
|-
! rowspan="2" | Denomination !! colspan="2" | Image
Line 379 ⟶ 383:
!Reverse
|-
|
|
|
Line 388 ⟶ 392:
|1964 - 1971
|-
|
|
|
Line 395 ⟶ 399:
|1964 - 1972
|-
| rowspan="2" |
|[[File:10-paise-1965-obs.png|100px|Ten paise coin, 1965, observe]]
|[[File:10-paise-1965-rev.png|100px|Ten paise coin, 1965, reverse]]
Line 408 ⟶ 412:
|1968 - 1971
|-
| rowspan="2" |
|[[File:5-paise-1965-obs.png|100px|Five paise coin, 1965, observe]]
|[[File:5-paise-1965-rev.png|100px|Five paise coin, 1965, reverse]]
Line 421 ⟶ 425:
|1967 - 1971
|-
|
|[[File:2-paise-1964-obs.png|100px|Two paise coin, 1964, observe]]
|[[File:2-paise-1964-rev.png|100px|Two paise coin, 1964, reverse]]
Line 429 ⟶ 433:
|1964
|-
|
| {{coin-silver-color}}|Aluminium
|Square
Line 436 ⟶ 440:
|}
=== Series II without the Devanagari Legend (
The coin minted from 1965 did not have the legend in Devanagari, explaining the value of the coin as a fraction of the rupee. Small-denomination coins which were formerly made of bronze, nickel-brass, cupro-nickel and aluminium-bronze were gradually minted in aluminium. The first coin minted in such type was the 3 paisa coin in 1964, which was a new denomination, and continued to be minted till 1971. One and Two paisa coins were changed to aluminium and were minted without the Devanagari legend from 1965. 20 paisa coin was introduced in 1968, which continued to be minted till 1971.
Line 453 ⟶ 457:
!Reverse
|-
|
|
|
Line 462 ⟶ 466:
|
|-
|
|
|
Line 469 ⟶ 473:
|
|-
|
|
|
Line 476 ⟶ 480:
|
|-
|
|
|
Line 483 ⟶ 487:
|
|-
|
|
|
Line 490 ⟶ 494:
|
|-
|
|[[File:India 1964-1971 3paisa obverse.png|100px]]
|[[File:India 1964-1971 3paisa reverse.png|100px]]
Line 497 ⟶ 501:
|1964 - 1971
|-
|
|
|
Line 504 ⟶ 508:
|
|-
|
|
|
Line 510 ⟶ 514:
|
|
|}
Line 531 ⟶ 533:
!Reverse
|-
|[[Indian 1-rupee coin|₹1]]
|
|
Line 540 ⟶ 542:
|1983 - 1991
|-
|
|
|
Line 546 ⟶ 548:
|1984 - 1990
|-
|
|[[File:India 1982-1997 20p obverse.png|100px]]
|[[File:India 1982-1997 20p reverse.png|100px]]
Line 554 ⟶ 556:
|1982 - 1997
|-
|
|
|
Line 561 ⟶ 563:
|1983 - 1993
|-
|
|
|
Line 571 ⟶ 573:
=== Series IV 1988 Onwards ===
In Series IV, 5 paisa and 20 paisa coins were discontinued though they continued to be minted in Series III till 1994 and 1997 respectively. 10 paisa, 25 paisa and 50 paisa coins were minted in Stainless Steel. 1992 onwards,
Cupro-Nickel coins are not minted anymore. Ferritic Stainless Steel coins of
{| class="wikitable"
|+1988 Stainless steel series
Line 589 ⟶ 591:
!Reverse
|-
|[[Indian 5-rupee coin|₹5]]
Five Rupees
|[[File:Indian Rs 5 coin 1992 common version obverse.png|100px|]]
Line 599 ⟶ 601:
|1992-2004
|-
|[[Indian 2-rupee coin|₹2]]
Two Rupees
|[[File:Indian Rs 2 coin 1992 common version obverse.png|100px|]]
Line 607 ⟶ 609:
|1992-2004
|-
|[[Indian 1-rupee coin|₹1]]
One Rupee
|[[File:Indian Re 1coin 1992 common version obverse.png|100px|]]
Line 616 ⟶ 618:
|1992-2004
|-
|[[Indian 50-paisa coin|50p]]
Fifty paise
|[[File:Indian 50p 1988 obverse.png|100px|]]
Line 623 ⟶ 625:
|1988-2007
|-
|[[Indian 25-paisa coin|25p]]
Twenty
|[[File:Indian 25p 1988 obverse.png|100px|]]
|[[File:Indian 25p 1988 reverse.png|100px|]]
Line 630 ⟶ 632:
|1988-2002
|-
|[[Indian 10-paisa coin|10p]]
Ten paise
|[[File:Indian 10p 1988 obverse.png|100px|]]
Line 636 ⟶ 638:
|16 mm
|1988-1998
|}
=== 2004 Unity in
In 2004, RBI issued a series in denominations of 1 rupee, followed by 2 rupee and 10 rupee in 2005. These issues however came into circulation in 2006, and created a controversy over their design. 10 rupee coins were the first bimetallic coins issued in India, and because of the controversy and being minted in only one mint, most of the coinage never found its way into circulation. The ones which did were hoarded by Coin collectors and Coin hoarders.
Line 658 ⟶ 659:
!Reverse
|-
|[[Indian 10-rupee coin|
Ten rupees
|[[File:Indian Rs10 coin 2005version obverse.png|100px|Indian_Rs10_coin_2005version_obverse]]
Line 669 ⟶ 670:
|2005-2007
|-
|[[Indian 5-rupee coin|₹5]]
Five Rupees
|[[File:Indian Rs 5 coin 2008version obverse.png|100px|]]
Line 678 ⟶ 679:
|2007
|-
|[[Indian 2-rupee coin|₹2]]
Two Rupees
|[[File:Indian Rs 2 coin Unity in diversity series obverse.png|100px|]]
Line 685 ⟶ 686:
|2005-2007
|-
|[[Indian 1-rupee coin|₹1]]
One Rupee
|[[File:Indian Re 1 coin Unity in diversity series obverse.png|100px|]]
Line 691 ⟶ 692:
|25 mm
|2004 - 2006
|}
Line 713:
!Reverse
|-
|[[Indian 2-rupee coin|₹2]]
Two Rupees
|[[File:Indian Rs 2 coin hasta mudra series obverse.png|100px|]]
Line 723:
|2007-2011
|-
|[[Indian 1-rupee coin|₹1]]
One Rupee
|[[File:Indian Rs 1 coin hasta mudra series obverse.png|100px|Indian_Rs_1_coin_hasta_mudra_series_obverse]]
Line 731:
|2007-2011
|-
|[[Indian 50-paisa coin|50p]]
Fifty paise
|[[File:Indian 50p coin hasta mudra series.png|100px|]]
Line 758:
!Reverse
|-
|[[Indian 10-rupee coin|
Ten rupees
|[[File:Indian Rs 10 coin 2008version obverse.png|100px|]]
Line 769:
|2008 - 2010
|-
|rowspan="2" |
Five Rupees
|[[File:Indian Rs 5 coin 2008 common version obverse.png|100px|]]
Line 786:
=== 2011 Series with the Rupee Symbol (₹) ===
In 2011, RBI issued a series in denominations of
{| class="wikitable"
Line 814:
|2011 - 2018
|-
|[[Indian 5-rupee coin|₹5]]
Five Rupees
|[[File:5-rupees-2011-obverse.png|100px|observe]]
Line 823:
|2011 - 2018
|-
|[[Indian 2-rupee coin|₹2]]
Two Rupees
|[[File:2-rupees-2011-obs.png|100px|observe]]
Line 831:
|2011 - 2018
|-
|[[Indian 1-rupee coin|₹1]]
One Rupee
|
Line 838:
|2011 - 2018
|-
|[[Indian 50-paisa coin|50p]]
Fifty paise
|[[File:50-paisa-2011-obs.png|100px|observe]]
Line 847:
=== 2019 Grain Series ===
The Ministry of Finance has issued a notification on March 6 announcing the launch of 5 new coins in the country, namely the new
Various new features have been incorporated in the new series of circulation coins to make them more easy for the visually impaired people to use. The coins are characterized by increasing size and weight from lower to higher denominations from
{| class="wikitable"
|+2019 Grain Series
Line 865:
|-
|[[Indian 20-rupee coin|₹20]]<br> Twenty Rupees<br/>
|[[File:Rupees
|[[File:Rupees
|rowspan="2" |Bimetallic
|{{coin-yellow-color}}|Center: [[Nickel silver|Nickel-brass]]
Line 876:
|[[Indian 10-rupee coin|₹10]]
Ten Rupees
|[[File: Rupees 10 Grain Series coin
|[[File: Rupees 10 Grain Series coin reverse released in 2019.png|101x101px]]
|{{coin-yellow-color}}|Center: [[Cupronickel|Copper-Nickel]]
Ring: [[Aluminium]]-[[Bronze]]
Line 884:
|2019
|-
|[[Indian 5-rupee coin|₹5]]
Five Rupees
|[[File:Rupees 5 Grain Series coin reverse.png|100x100px]]
|[[File:Rupees 5 Grain Series coin observe.png |100x100px]]
|rowspan="3" |Singlemetallic
|{{coin-yellow-color}}|[[Nickel silver|Nickel-brass]]
Line 893:
|2019
|-
|[[Indian 2-rupee coin|₹2]]
Two Rupees
|[[File:Rupees 2 Grain Series coin
|[[File:Rupees 2 Grain Series coin
|rowspan="2" {{coin-silver-color}}|[[Stainless steel]]
|23 mm
|2019
|}
Line 955 ⟶ 948:
|-
|[[Birmingham Mint]]
|United Kingdom
|1985
|[[Indian 1-rupee coin|₹1.00]]
|'H' below last digit of the year
|-
|[[Royal Mint]]
|United Kingdom
|1985
|[[Indian 1-rupee coin|₹1.00]]
|'◆' below first digit of the year
|-
Line 969 ⟶ 962:
|South Korea
|1985
|[[Indian 50-paisa coin|₹0.50]]
|'★' below first digit of the year
|-
Line 975 ⟶ 968:
|Canada
|1985
|[[Indian 25-paisa coin|₹0.25]]
|'C' below mid of the year
|-
Line 981 ⟶ 974:
|Canada
|1988
|[[Indian 10-paisa coin|₹0.10]],
[[Indian 25-paisa coin|₹0.25]],
[[Indian 50-paisa coin|₹0.50]]
|'C' below mid of the year
|-
Line 990 ⟶ 984:
|Mexico
|1997
|[[Indian 1-rupee coin|₹1.00]]
|[[File:Logo de Casa de Moneda de México.svg|32x32px]]below mid of the year
|-
Line 997 ⟶ 991:
|1997
1998
|[[Indian 2-rupee coin|₹2.00]]
|'★' below last digit of the year
|-
Line 1,008 ⟶ 1,002:
2001
|[[Indian 1-rupee coin|₹1.00]]
|[[File:MK Mincovna Kremnica.gif|20x20px]] below mid of the year
|-
Line 1,014 ⟶ 1,008:
|South Africa
|1998
|[[Indian 2-rupee coin|₹2.00]]
|(M) below mid of the year (oval shape)
|-
|[[Tower Mint]]
|United Kingdom
|1999
|[[Indian 2-rupee coin|₹2.00]]
|'⊔' below mid of the year
|-
Line 1,026 ⟶ 1,020:
|Russia
|2000
|[[Indian 2-rupee coin|₹2.00]]
|'MMD' below mid of the year
|-
Line 1,033 ⟶ 1,027:
|1999
2000
|[[Indian 5-rupee coin|₹5.00]]
|'MMD' below mid of the year
|}
Line 1,041 ⟶ 1,035:
[[File:Different commemorative coins of 5 Rupee, India.jpg|thumb|Different commemorative coins of 5 Rupees]]
[[File:Obverse of the 10 Rupees silver coin of 1972, commemorating the 25th Anniversary of Independence (1947—1972), featuring male and female figures standing (the man carrying Indian National Flag) before the Parliament of India building.jpg|thumb|10 Rupees silver coin of India 1972 (25 years of India's independence)]]
The first Indian [[Commemorative coins of India|commemorative coin]] was issued in 1964 in remembrance of Jawaharlal Nehru's birth anniversary. Since then, numerous coins from 5 paise (INR 0.05) to ₹1000 (INR 1000.00) have been issued. These coins based on birth or death centenary of famous personalities or on recently
=== List of Commemorative Coins ===
Line 1,048 ⟶ 1,042:
!Commemorative<ref name=":0" />
!Year
![[Indian 5-paisa coin|5p]]
![[Indian 10-paisa coin|10p]]
![[Indian 20-paisa coin|20p]]
![[Indian 25-paisa coin|25p]]
![[Indian 50-paisa coin|50p]]
![[Indian 1-rupee coin|₹1]]
![[Indian 2-rupee coin|₹2]]
![[Indian 5-rupee coin|₹5]]
![[Indian 10-rupee coin|₹10]]
![[Indian 20-rupee coin|₹20]]
!₹25
!₹50
!₹60
!₹75
!₹100
!₹125
!₹150
!₹200
!₹500
!₹1000
|-
|'''[[Jawaharlal Nehru]]'''||'''1964'''||||||||||KM||KM||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|-
|'''[[Mahatma Gandhi]]'''||'''1969'''||||||KHM||||KM||KM||||||'''KM'''||||||||||||||||||||||
|-
|'''[[Food security in India|Food For All]]'''||'''1970'''||||||KM||||||||||||'''KM'''||||||||||||||||||||||
|-
|'''[[Food security in India|Food For All]]'''||'''1971'''||||||KM||||||||||||'''M'''||||||||||||||||||||||
|-
|'''
|-
|'''[[Green Revolution in India|Grow More Food]]'''||'''1973'''||||||||||KM||||||||'''M'''||'''M'''||||'''M'''||||||||||||||||
|-
|'''[[Family planning in India|Planned Families]], [[Food security in India|Food
|-
|'''[[Women in India|Women's Year]]'''||'''1975'''||||KHM||||||||||||||M||||||'''M'''||||||||||||||||
|-
|'''[[Food security in India|Food & Work For All]]'''||'''1976'''||KHM||KM||||||||||||||M||||||'''M'''||||||||||||||||
|-
|'''[[Economy of India|Save
|-
|'''[[Food security in India|Food &
|-
|'''[[International Year of the Child]] (P)'''||'''1978'''||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||'''M'''||||||||||
|-
|'''[[International Year of the Child]]'''||'''1979'''||KHM||KHM||||||||||||||M||||||'''M'''||||||'''M'''||||||||||
|-
|'''[[Women in India|Rural Women's Advancement]]'''||'''1980'''||||KHM||||KHM||||||||||M||||||||||||'''M'''||||||||||
|-
|'''[[World Food Day]]'''||'''1981'''||||KM||||KHM||||||||||M||||||||||||'''M'''||||||||||
|-
|'''[[1982 Asian Games|IX Asian Games]]'''||'''1982'''||||KHM||||KHM||||||KM||||M||||||||||||'''M'''||||||||||
|-
|'''[[World Food Day]]'''||'''1982'''||||KHM||KH||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|-
|'''[[Political integration of India|National Integration]]'''||'''1982'''||||||||||KM||||KM||||M||||||||||||'''M'''||||||||||
|-
|'''[[Fishing in India|Fisheries]]'''||'''1983'''||||||KH||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|-
|'''[[Forestry
|-
|'''[[Reserve Bank of India]]'''||'''1985'''||||||||||KHM||||||||M||||||||||||||||||||||
|-
|'''[[Indira Gandhi]]'''||'''1985'''||||||||||KHM||||||HM||||M||||||||||||||||||||
|-
|'''[[International Youth Year]]'''||'''1985'''||||||||||||KHM||||||K||||||||||||'''M'''||||||||||
|-
|'''[[Fishing in India|Fisheries]]'''||'''1986'''||||||||||KHM||||||||||M||||||||||'''M'''||||||||||
|-
|'''[[Agriculture in India|Small Farmer]]'''||'''1987'''||||||||||||KHM||||||||M||||||||||'''M'''||||||||||
|-
|'''[[Agriculture in India|Rainfed Farming]]'''||'''1988'''||||||||||||KHM||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|-
|'''[[Jawaharlal Nehru]]'''||'''1989'''||||||||||||KHM||||HM||||M||||||||||'''M'''||||||||||
|-
|'''[[World Food Day]]'''||'''1989'''||||||||||||KHM||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|-
|'''
|-
|'''
|-
|'''[[South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation|SAARC Year - Girl Child]]'''||'''1990'''||||||||||||HM||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|-
|'''[[Food security in India|Food For the Future]]'''||'''1990'''||||||||||||KH||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|-
|'''[[Rajiv Gandhi]]'''||'''1991'''||||||||||||HM||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|-
|'''[[Commonwealth Parliamentary Association]]'''||'''1991'''||||||||||||M||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|-
|'''[[Tourism in India|Tourism Year]]'''||'''1991'''||||||||||||HM||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|-
|'''[[Food security in India|Food & Nutrition]]'''||'''1992'''||||||||||||K||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|-
|'''[[Natural resources of India|Land Vital Resource]]'''||'''1992'''||||||||||||||K||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|-
|'''[[Quit India Movement]]'''||'''1993'''||||||||||||KHM||||||M||||||M||||||M||||||||||
|-
|'''[[Inter Parliamentary Union]]'''||'''1993'''||||||||||||M||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|-
|'''[[Family planning in India|Small Family Happy Family]]'''||'''1993'''||||||||||||||HM||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|-
|'''[[Biodiversity in India|Bio Diversity]]'''||'''1993'''||||||||||||||HM||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|-
|'''[[International Year of the Family]]'''||'''1994'''||||||||||||MN||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|-
|'''[[Water
|-
|'''
|-
|'''[[World Tamil Conference]], [[Thiruvalluvar]]'''||'''1995'''||||||||||||KHMN||M||MN||||||||||||||||||||||||
|-
|'''[[Green Revolution in India|Globalizing Indian Agriculture]]'''||'''1995'''||||||||||||||KM||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|-
|'''
|-
|'''
|-
|'''
|-
|'''[[Health in India|Mother's Health is Child's Health]]'''||'''1996'''||||||||||||||||KHMN||||||||||||||||||||||||
|-
|'''[[Agriculture science|International Crop Science]]'''||'''1996'''||||||||||||||||K||||||||||||||||||||||||
|-
|'''[[Subhash Chandra Bose]]'''||'''1996'''||||||||||||||KN||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|-
|'''[[Subhash Chandra Bose]]'''||'''1997'''||||||||||||||KHMN||||M||||||M||||||'''M'''||||||||||
|-
|'''[[Independence Day (India)|50
|-
|'''[[Cellular Jail]]'''||'''1997'''||||||||||||KHMN||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|-
|'''[[Sri Aurobindo]]'''||'''1998'''||||||||||||||KMN||||M||||||M||||||'''M'''||||||||||
|-
|'''
|-
|'''
|-
|'''
|-
|'''[[Supreme Court of India]]'''||'''2000'''||||||||||||||KMN||||||||||'''M'''||||||||||||||||
|-
|'''
|-
|'''[[Mahavira|Bhagwan Mahavir
|-
|'''
|-
|'''
|-
|'''[[Maharana Pratap]]'''||'''2003'''||||||||||||HM||||||M||||||||||||'''M'''||||||||||
|-
|'''
|-
|'''[[Indian Railway]]'''||'''2003'''||||||||||||||KHMN||||||||||||||||'''K'''||||||||||
|-
|'''[[Dadabhai
|-
|'''
|-
|'''[[India Post]]'''||'''2004'''||||||||||||K||||||||||||||||||'''K'''||||||||||
|-
|'''[[Telecommunication in India|Telecommunication]]'''||'''2004'''||||||||||||||K||||||||||||||||'''K'''||||||||||
|-
|'''[[Lal Bahadur
|-
|'''[[Lal Bahadur
|-
|'''[[Salt March|Dandi March]] (CuNi)'''||'''2005'''||||||||||||||||M||||||||||||||'''M'''||||||||||
|-
|'''[[Salt March|Dandi March]] (SS)'''||'''2005'''||||||||||||||||M||||||||||||||||||||||||
|-
|'''
|-
|'''
|-
|'''
|-
|'''
|-
|'''
|-
|'''
|-
|'''
|-
|'''
|-
|'''[[Indian
|-
|'''
|-
|'''
|-
|'''
|-
|'''
|-
|'''[[Khadi and Village Industries Commission|Khadi & Village Industries]] (
|-
|'''
|-
|'''
|-
|'''
|-
|'''
|-
|'''
|-
|'''
|-
|'''
|-
|'''
|-
|'''
|-
|'''
|-
|'''
|-
|'''
|-
|'''
|-
|'''
|-
|'''
|-
|'''
|-
|'''[[Civil aviation in India|Civil Aviation]]'''||'''
|-
|'''
|-
|'''
|-
|'''
|-
|'''
|-
|'''
|-
|'''
|-
|'''
|-
|'''
|-
|-
|'''[[Swami Vivekananda]]'''||'''2013'''||||||||||||||||KHMN||||||||||||||||||'''K'''||||||
|-
|'''
|-
|'''
|-
|'''
|-
|'''
|-
|'''
|-
|'''
|-
|'''
|-
|'''
|-
|'''
|-
|'''
|-
|'''
|-
|'''
|-
|'''
|-
|'''[[Third India-Africa Forum Summit|3rd Indo
|-
|'''[[Maharana Pratap]]'''||'''2015'''||||||||||||||||||M||||||||||||'''M'''||||||||||
|-
|'''[[Swami
|-
|'''[[Pravasi Bharatiya Divas|Mahatma Gandhi's Return
|-
|'''[[International Yoga Day]]'''||'''2015'''||||||||||||||||||MN||||||||||||||||||||||
|-
|'''
|-
|'''[[Allahabad High Court]]'''||'''2016'''||||||||||||||||HM||||||||||||||||||'''M'''||||||
|-
|'''[[University of Mysore]]'''||'''2016'''||||||||||||||||M||||||||||||||'''M'''||||||||||
|-
|'''[[Lala Lajpat Rai]]'''||'''2016'''||||||||||||||||||K||||||||||||||||||||||
|-
|'''
|-
|'''[[Banaras Hindu University]]'''||'''2016'''||||||||||||||||||M||||||||||||'''M'''||||||||||
|-
|'''[[National
|-
|'''
|-
|'''[[Biju
|-
|'''
|-
|'''[[Shrimad Rajchandra]]'''||'''2017'''||||||||||||||||||M||||||||||||||||'''M'''||||||
|-
|'''
|'''2017'''
|
Line 1,384 ⟶ 1,375:
|
|-
|'''
|'''2018'''
|
Line 1,407 ⟶ 1,398:
|
|-
|'''[[Flag of India|75 Years of Tricolour]]'''
|'''2018'''
|
Line 1,430 ⟶ 1,421:
|
|-
|'''[[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]]'''
|'''2018'''
|
Line 1,453 ⟶ 1,444:
|
|-
|'''[[Paika
|'''2018'''
|
Line 1,476 ⟶ 1,467:
|
|-
|'''[[Jallianwala Bagh Massacre]]'''
|'''2019'''
|
Line 1,499 ⟶ 1,490:
|
|-
|'''[[75th Anniversary of Indian Independence|75 Years of Independence]]'''
|'''2022'''
|
Line 1,524 ⟶ 1,515:
Note: Bold Marks are Silver Coins, Mint index: K = Kolkata (no mark), H = Hyderabad (⋆), M = Mumbai (◆ or B), Noida = (●).
==
===Controversy over 2006 two-rupee coin===
Line 1,542 ⟶ 1,533:
* [[Indian rupee]]
* [[Coinage of India]]
* [[Banknotes of the Indian rupee]]
== References ==
Line 1,550 ⟶ 1,542:
*[http://www.rbi.org.in/currency/museum/paper.html Reserve Bank of India Paper Money] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150408041649/http://www.rbi.org.in/currency/museum/paper.html |date=2015-04-08 }}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20081208121020/http://indian-coins.com/republiccoins/index.html www.indian-coins.com]
*[https://en.foronum.com/coins-catalog/india India Coin Catalog]
*[http://www.antiquesquiz.com A blog on Antiques & Collectibles] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180512184621/http://www.antiquesquiz.com/ |date=2018-05-12 }}
*[http://www.indiacoinnews.com India Coin News & Forums] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809192543/https://www.indiacoinnews.com/ |date=2020-08-09 }}
|
Coins of the Indian rupee (₹) were first minted in 1950.[1] New coins have been produced annually since then and they make up a valuable aspect of the Indian currency system. Today, circulating coins exist in denominations of One Rupee, Two Rupees, Five Rupees, Ten Rupees and Twenty Rupees. All of these are produced by four mints located across India,[2]inKolkata, Mumbai, Hyderabad, Noida.
After Indian independence in 1947, British Indian coins were in use as a frozen currency until the dominion of India became a republic in 1950. The first rupee coins of the Republic of India were minted in 1950.[3] These included 1/2 ₹, 1/4 ₹, 2 anna, 1 anna, 1/2 anna & 1 pice coins, and are referred to as the anna series or pre-decimal coinage. Under the anna series, one rupee was divided into 16 annas or 64 pice, with each anna equal to 4 pice.
In 1957, India shifted to the decimal system, though for a short period of time, both decimal and non-decimal coins were in circulation. To distinguish between the two pice coins in circulation, the coins minted between 1957 and 1964 were printed with the legend “Naya Paisa” (“New Paisa”).[4] The denominations in circulation were 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, 20, 25, 50 (naya) paisa and one rupee. Since rupees retained their pre-decimal value, pre-decimal coins of one, half and quarter rupees remained in circulation after decimalisation. With effect from 30 September 1968, all anna coins and British Indian (pre-decimalisation) rupee coins minted in quarternary alloy (1/2 silver composition) were officially demonetised, though pre-decimalisation rupee coins minted in pure nickel, including British Indian issues from June 1946 onwards, continued to be legal tender.[5][6]
The word "naya" was dropped in 1964 and a new denomination, the 3 paisa, was introduced into circulation. A 20 paisa coin was minted in 1968. Neither of these coins gained much popularity. The 1, 2 and 3 paisa coins were phased out gradually in the 1970s. In 1982, a new 2 rupee coin was introduced experimentally to replace 2 rupee notes. The 2 rupee coin was not minted again till 1990, after which it was minted every following year.
Stainless steel coinage of 10, 25 and 50 paisa was introduced in 1988. In 1992, a new stainless steel rupee coin, smaller and lighter than the older rupee, was minted, alongside a 5 rupee Cupronickel coin.
In 2005, the 10 rupee coin was minted for the first time. Higher denomination coins were introduced due to an increasing demand for change and the increasing cost of printing ₹2, ₹5 and ₹10 banknotes.
On 30 June 2011, all coins in denominations of 25 paisa and below were officially demonetised.[7]
Commemorative coins in circulation can be found in various denominations. They depict various special events or people, including Mahatma Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, Indira Gandhi, B. R. Ambedkar, Rajiv Gandhi, Dnyaneshwar, the 1982 Asian Games, Vallabhbhai Patel, Subhas Chandra Bose, Sri Aurobindo, Chittaranjan Das, the 2010 Commonwealth Games, Shivaji, Bhagat Singh, Rabindranath Tagore, Atal Bihari Vajpayee, Jallianwala Bagh massacre, Bal Gangadhar Tilak etc.[8]
At Independence on 15 August 1947, India was partitioned into the new Dominion of India and Dominion of Pakistan. The new Dominion (or Union) of India retained the previous imperial currency with the portrait of King George VI. The basic unit of currency was the Indian rupee, which was itself divided into annas (16 annas to a rupee) and pice (the old spelling of paisa – 64 pice to a rupee).[9] The lowest-denomination Indian coins, the half-pice (128 to a rupee) and the pie (192 to a rupee) were officially demonetized in 1947; while both denominations had continued to circulate up to that time, new examples were not minted after 1942 as they were practically worthless (India remained a member of the sterling area after independence and the rupee remained pegged to the pound sterling. Until 1966, the rupee was worth 1s.6d, or 18 old British pence; a half-pice was therefore worth 0.141 old pence and a pie 0.09 old pence.)[10]
From 15 August 1947 until 26 January 1950, the Indian coinage structure was as follows:
₹ and its fractions | Annas | Pice | Pies (demonetized after 1947) |
---|---|---|---|
₹ | 16 annas | 64 pice | 192 pies |
Half ₹ | 8 annas | 32 pice | 96 pies |
Quarter ₹ | 4 annas | 16 pice | 48 pies |
1/8 ₹ | 2 annas | 8 pice | 24 pies |
1/16 ₹ | 1 anna | 4 pice | 12 pies |
1/32 ₹ | Half anna | 2 pice | 6 pies |
1/64 ₹ | 1/4 anna | 1 pice | 3 pies |
(bold - denominations minted by the Government of India)[9]
This represented the currency arrangements during the transition period up to the establishment of the Republic of India.
The British India coins which were mostly in circulation from 1947 to 1950 until the first Republic of India (Pre-decimalization Series) coins were introduced as follows:
Denomination | Image | Single/
Bi-metallic |
Metal | Shape | Diameter | Minted in Year | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Obverse | Reverse | ||||||
One Rupee | Singlemetallic | Nickel | Circular | 28 mm | 1947 | ||
Half Rupee | 24 mm | 1946 - 1947 | |||||
Quarter Rupee | 19 mm | 1946 - 1947 | |||||
2 Annas | Copper - Nickel | Square | 22 mm | 1946 - 1947 | |||
1 Anna | Nickel - Brass | 12 Scalloped | 21 mm | 1945 | |||
Copper - Nickel | 21 mm | 1946 - 1947 | |||||
1/2 Anna | Nickel - Brass | Square | 25.1 mm | 1945 | |||
Copper - Nickel | 19.7 mm | 1946 - 1947 | |||||
1 Pice | Bronze | Circular with a hole | 21.32 mm | 1943 - 1947 |
On 26 January 1950, India became an independent republic in the Commonwealth of Nations. This series was introduced on 15 August 1950 and represented the first coinage of Republic of India. The British King's portrait was replaced by the Lion Capital of the Ashoka Pillar. A corn sheaf replaced the Tiger on the one rupee coin. In some ways this symbolised a shift in focus to progress and prosperity. Indian motifs were incorporated on other coins. The previous monetary system and the old units of currency were retained unchanged.
Denomination | Image | Single/
Bi-metallic |
Metal | Shape | Diameter | Minted in Year | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Obverse | Reverse | ||||||
One Rupee | Singlemetallic | Nickel | Circular | 27.9 mm | 1950 - 1955 | ||
Half Rupee | 24 mm | 1950 - 1956 | |||||
Quarter Rupee | 19 mm | 1950 - 1956 | |||||
Two Annas | Cupro-Nickel | Square | 25.4 mm | 1950 - 1955 | |||
One Anna | 12 Scalloped | 21 mm | 1950 - 1955 | ||||
Half Anna | Square | 19.5 mm | 1950 - 1955 | ||||
One Pice | Bronze | Circular | 21 mm | 1950 - 1955 |
The move towards decimalization was afoot for over a century. However, it was in September, 1955 that the Indian Coinage Act was amended for the country to adopt a metric system for coinage. The Act came into force with effect from 1 April 1957, after which anna and pice denominations were demonetised.[11][12]
The rupee remained unchanged in value and nomenclature. It, however, was now divided into 100 'paisa' instead of 16 annas or 64 pice. Effective from 30 June 2011, all coins in denominations of 25 paisa and below were officially demonetized.[13]
Pre-decimal currency (1950-1957; minting ceased in 1955) | Decimal currency replacement (1957–present) | Decimal currency (dates minted) |
---|---|---|
N/A | 20 rupees | 2019–present |
N/A | 10 rupees | 2005–present |
N/A | 5 rupees | 1992–present |
N/A | 2 rupees | 1982–present |
Rupee | 1 rupee (divided into 100 new paise 1957–1964; divided into 100 paisa 1964–present). | 1962–present |
Half rupee | 50 paise | 1957–2016 |
Quarter rupee | 25 paise | 1957-2002. Demonetized from 2011. |
N/A | 20 paise | 1968-1994. Demonetized from 2011. |
2 annas[11] | 10 paise | 1957-1998. Demonetized from 2011. |
Anna[11] | 5 paise | 1957-1994. Demonetized from 2011. |
Half anna | 3 paise | 1964-1972; proofs minted until 1981. Demonetized from 2011. |
Pice | 2 paise | 1957-1979; proofs minted until 1981. Demonetized from 2011. |
N/A | 1 paisa | 1957-1972; proofs minted until 1981. Demonetized from 2011, but retained as a unit of currency. |
The antiquated spelling of "pice" was modified to "paisa" in the singular and "paise" in the plural. For public recognition, the new decimal paisa was termed 'Naya Paisa' (New Paisa) till 1 June 1964 when the term 'Naya' was dropped. The coins of 1p, 2p, 5p, 10p, 25p, and 50p had a legend in Devanagari script explaining the value of coin in terms of fraction of a rupee.
Denomination | Image | Single/
Bi-metallic |
Metal | Shape | Diameter | Minted in Year | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Obverse | Reverse | ||||||
One rupee | Singlemetallic | Nickel | Circular | 28 mm | 1962 - 1974 | ||
50 naye paise | 24 mm | 1957 - 1963 | |||||
25 naye paise | 19 mm | 1957 - 1963 | |||||
10 naye paise | Cupro-Nickel | Eight Scalloped | 23 mm (across scallops) | 1957 - 1963 | |||
5 naye paise | Square | 22 mm (across corners) | 1957 - 1963 | ||||
2 naye paise | Eight Scalloped | 18 mm (across scallops) | 1957 - 1963 | ||||
1 naya paisa | Bronze | Circular | 16 mm | 1957 - 1962 | |||
Nickel Brass | 1962 - 1963 |
In June 1964, the term 'Naya' was dropped and the coins were as follows reminted. The legend in Devanagari script explaining the value of coin in terms of fraction of a rupee continued till it was finally dropped from the new design minted 1964 onwards.
Denomination | Image | Single/
Bi-metallic |
Metal | Shape | Diameter | Minted in Year | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Obverse | Reverse | ||||||
50p | Singlemetallic | Nickel | Circular | 24 mm | 1964 - 1971 | ||
25p | Nickel | 19 mm | 1964 - 1972 | ||||
10p | Copper Nickel | 8 Scalloped | 23 mm | 1964 - 1967 | |||
Nickel Brass | 1968 - 1971 | ||||||
5p | Copper Nickel | Square | 22 mm | 1964 - 1966 | |||
Aluminium | 1967 - 1971 | ||||||
2p | Copper Nickel | 8 Scalloped | 18 mm | 1964 | |||
1p | Aluminium | Square | 16 mm | 1964 |
The coin minted from 1965 did not have the legend in Devanagari, explaining the value of the coin as a fraction of the rupee. Small-denomination coins which were formerly made of bronze, nickel-brass, cupro-nickel and aluminium-bronze were gradually minted in aluminium. The first coin minted in such type was the 3 paisa coin in 1964, which was a new denomination, and continued to be minted till 1971. One and Two paisa coins were changed to aluminium and were minted without the Devanagari legend from 1965. 20 paisa coin was introduced in 1968, which continued to be minted till 1971.
Denomination | Image | Single/
Bi-metallic |
Metal | Shape | Diameter | Minted in Year | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Obverse | Reverse | ||||||
50p | Singlemetallic | Aluminium | |||||
25p | |||||||
20p | |||||||
10p | |||||||
5p | |||||||
3p | Hexagonal | 21 mm | 1964 - 1971 | ||||
2p | |||||||
1p |
From 1982, New series was launched. the 20 paisa coin which was last minted in 1971, was reintroduced again, but in Aluminium. The size and the design of 10 paisa, 50 paisa and 1 rupee was changed, though they continued to be minted in the same metal. Coins of 3p, 2p and 1p were discontinued but continued to be the legal tender.
Denomination | Image | Single/
Bi-metallic |
Metal | Shape | Diameter | Minted in Year | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Obverse | Reverse | ||||||
₹1 | Singlemetallic | Copper-Nickel | Circular | 26 mm | 1983 - 1991 | ||
50p | 24 mm | 1984 - 1990 | |||||
20p | Aluminium | Hexagonal | 26 mm | 1982 - 1997 | |||
10p | 8 Scalloped | 23 mm | 1983 - 1993 | ||||
5p | Square | 22 mm | 1984 - 1994 |
In Series IV, 5 paisa and 20 paisa coins were discontinued though they continued to be minted in Series III till 1994 and 1997 respectively. 10 paisa, 25 paisa and 50 paisa coins were minted in Stainless Steel. 1992 onwards, ₹1 coin was also minted in Steel and ₹2 and ₹5 coins in Copper Nickel were introduced. The very considerable costs of managing note issues of ₹1, ₹2, and ₹5 led to the gradual coinage of these denominations. These coins continued to be minted till 2004, when the Unity in diversity series was launched.
Cupro-Nickel coins are not minted anymore. Ferritic Stainless Steel coins of two and five rupee denominations are currently in production.[14]
Denomination | Image | Single/
Bi-metallic |
Metal | Shape | Diameter | Minted in Year | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Obverse | Reverse | ||||||
₹5
Five Rupees |
Singlemetallic | Copper-Nickel | Circular | 23 mm | 1992-2004 | ||
₹2
Two Rupees |
Hendecagonal | 26 mm | 1992-2004 | ||||
₹1
One Rupee |
Stainless steel | Circular | 25 mm | 1992-2004 | |||
50p
Fifty paise |
22 mm | 1988-2007 | |||||
25p
Twenty-five paise |
19 mm | 1988-2002 | |||||
10p
Ten paise |
16 mm | 1988-1998 |
In 2004, RBI issued a series in denominations of 1 rupee, followed by 2 rupee and 10 rupee in 2005. These issues however came into circulation in 2006, and created a controversy over their design. 10 rupee coins were the first bimetallic coins issued in India, and because of the controversy and being minted in only one mint, most of the coinage never found its way into circulation. The ones which did were hoarded by Coin collectors and Coin hoarders.
Denomination | Image | Single/
Bi-metallic |
Metal | Shape | Diameter | Minted in Year | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Obverse | Reverse | ||||||
₹10
Ten rupees |
Bimetallic | Center: Copper-Nickel | Circular | 27 mm | 2005-2007 | ||
₹5
Five Rupees |
Singlemetallic | Stainless steel | 23 mm | 2007 | |||
₹2
Two Rupees |
26.75 mm | 2005-2007 | |||||
₹1
One Rupee |
25 mm | 2004 - 2006 |
In 2007 RBI issued a new series of Coins, The Hasta Mudra Series, in coins of 50 paisa, 1 rupee and 2 rupee denominations. These coins are stainless steel and feature various Hasta Mudras (hand gestures in Indian Classical dance). The 5 rupee piece that features waves in its design was also issued in 2007, along with a new 10 rupee coin. However, the design of the 10 rupee piece changed in 2008. The 5 rupee coin design was again reverted to the previous design, though it was issued in Nickel-brass instead of Copper-nickel. However, these 5 rupee and 10 rupee coins were not the part of the Hasta Mudra series.
Denomination | Image | Single/
Bi-metallic |
Metal | Shape | Diameter | Minted in Year | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Obverse | Reverse | ||||||
₹2
Two Rupees |
Singlemetallic | Stainless steel | Circular | 27 mm | 2007-2011 | ||
₹1
One Rupee |
Circular | 25 mm | 2007-2011 | ||||
50p
Fifty paise |
Circular | 22 mm | 2008-2010 |
The 5 rupee and 10 rupee coins were issued for common circulation in 2007, 2008, 2009 with changed designs and continued to be minted until the introduction of the Rupee Symbol series in 2011.
Denomination | Image | Single/
Bi-metallic |
Metal | Shape | Diameter | Minted in Year | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Obverse | Reverse | ||||||
₹10
Ten rupees |
Bimetallic | Center: Copper-Nickel | Circular | 27 mm | 2008 - 2010 | ||
₹5
Five Rupees |
Singlemetallic | Stainless steel | 23 mm | 2007 - 2008 | |||
Nickel-brass | 2009 - 2010 |
In 2011, RBI issued a series in denominations of 50 paise, ₹1, ₹2, ₹5, and ₹10. The 50p, ₹1, ₹2, and ₹5 designs are identical except the absence of the rupee symbol in 50p coin. The ₹10 coin continued to be issued in bimetallic issues as previously.
Denomination | Image | Single/
Bi-metallic |
Metal | Shape | Diameter | Minted in Year | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Obverse | Reverse | ||||||
₹10
Ten rupees |
Bimetallic | Center: Copper-Nickel | Circular | 27 mm | 2011 - 2018 | ||
₹5
Five Rupees |
Singlemetallic | Nickel-brass | 23 mm | 2011 - 2018 | |||
₹2
Two Rupees |
Stainless steel | 25 mm | 2011 - 2018 | ||||
₹1
One Rupee |
21.93 mm | 2011 - 2018 | |||||
50p
Fifty paise |
19 mm | 2011 - 2018 |
The Ministry of Finance has issued a notification on March 6 announcing the launch of 5 new coins in the country, namely the new ₹1, ₹2, ₹5, ₹10 and ₹20. The new series of coins are accessible to those with visual impairments[15] and have an enhanced design. The coins were launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Finance Minister Arun Jaitley. The design of the coins were prepared by the National Institute of Design while Security Printing and Minting Corporation of India Limited and the Ministry of Finance played the key role in the introduction of new coins in the country.
Various new features have been incorporated in the new series of circulation coins to make them more easy for the visually impaired people to use. The coins are characterized by increasing size and weight from lower to higher denominations from ₹1 to ₹20. All of the denominations would be of round shape, except the newly included coin of ₹20, which will be a 12 sided coin with no serrations.
Denomination | Image | Single/
Bi-metallic |
Metal | Shape | Diameter | Minted in Year | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Obverse | Reverse | ||||||
₹20 Twenty Rupees |
Bimetallic | Center: Nickel-brass
Ring: Nickel silver |
Dodecagonal | 27 mm | 2019 | ||
₹10
Ten Rupees |
Center: Copper-Nickel | Circular | 27 mm | 2019 | |||
₹5
Five Rupees |
Singlemetallic | Nickel-brass | 25 mm | 2019 | |||
₹2
Two Rupees |
Stainless steel | 23 mm | 2019 |
Each currency coin minted in India (and anywhere in the world) has a special mint mark on it to identify the mint.
Mint | Year of Establishment | Mint Mark | Note |
---|---|---|---|
Kolkata Mint | 1757 | no mint mark beneath the date of the coin | |
Hyderabad Mint | 1803 | ★ beneath the date of the coin | also split diamond or a dot in diamond
on some coins |
Mumbai Mint | 1829 | ◆ beneath the date of the coin | "B" or "M" in proof sets. |
Noida Mint | 1988 | ● beneath the date of the coin |
Due to the increasing demand for the circulation of coins, the Indian government was forced to mint coins in foreign countries at various points in the country's history.
Mint | Country | Year | Coin | Mint Mark |
---|---|---|---|---|
Birmingham Mint | United Kingdom | 1985 | ₹1.00 | 'H' below last digit of the year |
Royal Mint | United Kingdom | 1985 | ₹1.00 | '◆' below first digit of the year |
Taegu Mint | South Korea | 1985 | ₹0.50 | '★' below first digit of the year |
Royal Canadian Mint | Canada | 1985 | ₹0.25 | 'C' below mid of the year |
Royal Canadian Mint | Canada | 1988 | ₹0.10, | 'C' below mid of the year |
Mexican Mint | Mexico | 1997 | ₹1.00 | below mid of the year |
Seoul Mint | South Korea | 1997
1998 |
₹2.00 | '★' below last digit of the year |
Kremnica Mint | Slovakia | 1998
1999 2000 2001 |
₹1.00 | below mid of the year |
Pretoria Mint | South Africa | 1998 | ₹2.00 | (M) below mid of the year (oval shape) |
Tower Mint | United Kingdom | 1999 | ₹2.00 | '⊔' below mid of the year |
Moscow Mint | Russia | 2000 | ₹2.00 | 'MMD' below mid of the year |
Moscow Mint | Russia | 1999
2000 |
₹5.00 | 'MMD' below mid of the year |
The first Indian commemorative coin was issued in 1964 in remembrance of Jawaharlal Nehru's birth anniversary. Since then, numerous coins from 5 paise (INR 0.05) to ₹1000 (INR 1000.00) have been issued. These coins based on birth or death centenary of famous personalities or on recently dead, commemoration of special government programs or sport events, anniversaries of historical incidents, government organisation etc.
Note: Bold Marks are Silver Coins, Mint index: K = Kolkata (no mark), H = Hyderabad (⋆), M = Mumbai (◆ or B), Noida = (●).
The two-rupee coin issued from 2006 by the Reserve Bank, in stark contrast to the earlier coin, is rounded and simpler in design, without the map of India. The coin has already been criticized for being difficult to recognize by the visually impaired.[17]
Most controversially, it features an equal-armed cross with the beams divided into two rays and with dots between adjacent beams. According to RBI, this design represents "four heads sharing a common body" under a new "unity in diversity" theme.[18]
However, people have charged that the symbol is a Christian cross resembling the symbol on the deniers issued by Louis the Pious.[19]