A 1/30 scale model of a HESS telescope on display in the Science Museum, London.
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{{redirect|HESS|the gas and oil company|Hess Corporation}} |
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{{Infobox telescope |
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| name = High Energy Stereoscopic System |
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'''High Energy Stereoscopic System''' |
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| image = [[File:Ct2ct3 nah n.jpg|250px]] |
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| caption = CT2 and CT3 telescopes |
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| organization = H.E.S.S. Collaboration |
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| location = [[Khomas Region|Khomas Highland]], [[Namibia]] |
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| website = http://www.mpi-hd.mpg.de/hfm/HESS/ |
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| ⚫ | '''High Energy Stereoscopic System''' ('''H.E.S.S.''') is a next-generation system of '''Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes''' ([[IACT]]) for the investigation of cosmic [[gamma ray]]s in the 100 GeV and TeV energy range. The [[acronym]] was chosen in honour of [[Victor Hess]], who was the first to observe [[cosmic ray]]s. |
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The name also emphasizes two main features of the currently-operating installation, namely the simultaneous observation of air showers with several telescopes, under different viewing angles, and the combination of telescopes to a large system to increase the effective detection area for gamma rays. H.E.S.S. permits the exploration of gamma-ray sources with intensities at a level of a few thousandth parts of the flux of the [[Crab Nebula]]. |
The name also emphasizes two main features of the currently-operating installation, namely the simultaneous observation of air showers with several telescopes, under different viewing angles, and the combination of telescopes to a large system to increase the effective detection area for gamma rays. H.E.S.S. permits the exploration of gamma-ray sources with intensities at a level of a few thousandth parts of the flux of the [[Crab Nebula]]. |
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H.E.S.S. has four telescopes, each with a mirror just under 12m in diameter, arranged 120m apart from each other in a square. A larger telescope with a 30m mirror called H.E.S.S. Phase 2, constructed in the centre of the array, saw its [[First light (astronomy)|first light]] at 0:43 a.m. on 26 July 2012<ref name="fl2">{{cite web | url = http://www.mpi-hd.mpg.de/hfm/HESS/pages/press/2012/HESS_II_first_light/ | title = Largest ever Cherenkov telescope sees first light | accessdate = |
H.E.S.S. has four telescopes, each with a mirror just under 12m in diameter, arranged 120m apart from each other in a square. A larger telescope with a 30m mirror called H.E.S.S. Phase 2, constructed in the centre of the array, saw its [[First light (astronomy)|first light]] at 0:43 a.m. on 26 July 2012.<ref name="fl2">{{cite web | url = http://www.mpi-hd.mpg.de/hfm/HESS/pages/press/2012/HESS_II_first_light/ | title = Largest ever Cherenkov telescope sees first light | accessdate = 27 July -07-27 }}</ref> |
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As with other gamma-ray telescopes, H.E.S.S. observes high energy processes in the universe. Gamma-ray producing sources include [[Supernova remnant|Supernova Remnants]], [[Active galactic nucleus|Active Galactic Nucleii]] and [[Pulsar wind nebula|Pulsar Wind Nebulae]]. It also actively tests unproven theories in physics such as looking for the predicted gamma-ray annihilation signal from [[Weakly interacting massive particles|WIMP dark matter particles]] and testing [[Lorentz invariance]] predictions of [[Loop Quantum Gravity]]. |
As with other gamma-ray telescopes, H.E.S.S. observes high energy processes in the universe. Gamma-ray producing sources include [[Supernova remnant|Supernova Remnants]], [[Active galactic nucleus|Active Galactic Nucleii]] and [[Pulsar wind nebula|Pulsar Wind Nebulae]]. It also actively tests unproven theories in physics such as looking for the predicted gamma-ray annihilation signal from [[Weakly interacting massive particles|WIMP dark matter particles]] and testing [[Lorentz invariance]] predictions of [[Loop Quantum Gravity]]. |
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In 2005, it was announced that H.E.S.S. had detected eight new high-energy gamma ray sources, doubling the known number of such sources. As of September 2011, there are 62 sources in the HESS catalogue. |
In 2005, it was announced that H.E.S.S. had detected eight new high-energy gamma ray sources, doubling the known number of such sources. As of September 2011, there are 62 sources in the HESS catalogue. |
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{{gallery | lines=4 |
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| ⚫ | |File:Model of HESS, Science Museum, London.jpg|A 1/30 scale model of a HESS telescope on display in the [[Science Museum, London]]. |
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| ⚫ | |File:HESS-dark-full.jpg|All four telescopes in operation at night |
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== External links == |
== External links == |
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{{commons category|HESS}} |
{{commons category|HESS}} |
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* [http://www.newscientist.com/article.ns?id=dn7199 ''New Scientist'': Number of very high-energy gamma ray sources doubles] |
* [http://www.newscientist.com/article.ns?id=dn7199 ''New Scientist'': Number of very high-energy gamma ray sources doubles] |
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* [http://www.ASPERA-EU.org Aspera European network portal] |
* [http://www.ASPERA-EU.org Aspera European network portal] |
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[[Category:Gamma-ray telescopes]] |
[[Category:Gamma-ray telescopes]] |
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[[Category:Astronomical observatories in Namibia]] |
[[Category:Astronomical observatories in Namibia]] |
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[[Category:Particle experiments]] |
[[Category:Particle experiments]] |
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{{Namibia-stub}} |
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[[de:High Energy Stereoscopic System]] |
[[de:High Energy Stereoscopic System]] |
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CT2 and CT3 telescopes
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| Alternative names | H.E.S.S.  |
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| Location(s) | Khomas Region, Namibia |
| Coordinates | 23°16.28′S 16°30′E / 23.27133°S 16.500°E / -23.27133; 16.500 |
| Organization | H.E.S.S. Collaboration |
| Altitude | 1,800 m (5,900 ft) |
| Telescope style | observatory telescope |
| Website | http://www.mpi-hd.mpg.de/hfm/HESS/ |
  Location of High Energy Stereoscopic System | |
 Related media on Commons | |
High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) is a next-generation system of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACT) for the investigation of cosmic gamma rays in the 100 GeV and TeV energy range. The acronym was chosen in honour of Victor Hess, who was the first to observe cosmic rays.
The name also emphasizes two main features of the currently-operating installation, namely the simultaneous observation of air showers with several telescopes, under different viewing angles, and the combination of telescopes to a large system to increase the effective detection area for gamma rays. H.E.S.S. permits the exploration of gamma-ray sources with intensities at a level of a few thousandth parts of the flux of the Crab Nebula.
H.E.S.S. has four telescopes, each with a mirror just under 12m in diameter, arranged 120m apart from each other in a square. A larger telescope with a 30m mirror called H.E.S.S. Phase 2, constructed in the centre of the array, saw its first light at 0:43 a.m. on 26 July 2012.[1]
As with other gamma-ray telescopes, H.E.S.S. observes high energy processes in the universe. Gamma-ray producing sources include Supernova Remnants, Active Galactic Nucleii and Pulsar Wind Nebulae. It also actively tests unproven theories in physics such as looking for the predicted gamma-ray annihilation signal from WIMP dark matter particles and testing Lorentz invariance predictions of Loop Quantum Gravity.
H.E.S.S. is located on the Cranz family farm, Göllschau, in Namibia, near the Gamsberg, an area well known for its excellent optical quality. The first of the four telescopes of Phase I of the H.E.S.S. project went into operation in Summer 2002; all four were operational in December 2003.
In 2004 H.E.S.S. was the first IACT experiment to spatially resolve a source of cosmic gamma rays.
In 2005, it was announced that H.E.S.S. had detected eight new high-energy gamma ray sources, doubling the known number of such sources. As of September 2011, there are 62 sources in the HESS catalogue.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
