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== Life cycle == |
== Life cycle == |
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The embryonic development of the species can be divided into nine stages, each defined by cleavage and formation of distinct appendages. To incubate the eggs after spawning, females attach them to their [[Decapod anatomy|pleopods]].<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Sex pheromones of the hair crab ''Erimacrus isenbeckii''. Part 1: Isolation and structures of novel ceramides|journal = Tetrahedron|volume = 56|issue = 51|pages = 9895–9899|last=Asai|first=Naoki|date=11 October 2000|doi = 10.1016/S0040-4020(00)00959-5}}</ref> Based on many surveys conducted during the spawning and hatching seasons, the incubation period of the species is estimated to be over a year, with the embryonic growth rate mainly being controlled by the temperature of the water.<ref name="Nagao 1999">{{Cite journal|title=Embryonic development of the hair crab ''Erimacrus Isenbeckii''|journal = Journal of Crustacean Biology|volume = 19|issue = 1|pages = 77–83|last=Nagao|first=Jiro|date=February 1999|jstor = 1549549|doi = 10.2307/1549549 |doi-access= |
The embryonic development of the species can be divided into nine stages, each defined by cleavage and formation of distinct appendages. To incubate the eggs after spawning, females attach them to their [[Decapod anatomy|pleopods]].<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Sex pheromones of the hair crab ''Erimacrus isenbeckii''. Part 1: Isolation and structures of novel ceramides|journal = Tetrahedron|volume = 56|issue = 51|pages = 9895–9899|last=Asai|first=Naoki|date=11 October 2000|doi = 10.1016/S0040-4020(00)00959-5}}</ref> Based on many surveys conducted during the spawning and hatching seasons, the incubation period of the species is estimated to be over a year, with the embryonic growth rate mainly being controlled by the temperature of the water.<ref name="Nagao 1999">{{Cite journal|title=Embryonic development of the hair crab ''Erimacrus Isenbeckii''|journal = Journal of Crustacean Biology|volume = 19|issue = 1|pages = 77–83|last=Nagao|first=Jiro|date=February 1999|jstor = 1549549|doi = 10.2307/1549549 |doi-access=}}</ref> Young hatch between March and May and remain as [[zooplankton]] until they reach the bottom of the sea by July.<ref name="Azuma 39–48"/> The hatching process occurs during the spring [[phytoplankton]] bloom in the Sea of Okhotsk.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=440405#attributes|title=WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Erimacrus isenbeckii (J. F. Brandt, 1848)|website=www.marinespecies.org|access-date=2019-04-13}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title=Early larval stages of the hair crab ''Erimacrus isenbeckii'' (Brandt) (Brachyura: Atelecyclidae), with special reference to its hatching process|journal = Journal of Crustacean Biology|volume = 13|issue = 3|pages = 511–522|last=Sasaki|first=Jun|year=1993|jstor = 1548791|doi = 10.2307/1548791|doi-access = free}}</ref> The [[Crustacean larva|zoea]] of this species can be mistaken for the two other species in the same family, but ''E. isenbeckii'' zoea lack carapace spines and have shorter lateral spines on the fork of the telson.<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal|title=Early zoeal stages of edible crab ''Erimacrus isenbeckii'' (Brandt, 1848) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Cheiragonidae) and a comparison with other cheiragonid zoeae|journal = Animal Cells and Systems|volume = 14|issue = 4|pages = 323–331|last=Lee|first=Chu|date=10 December 2010|doi=10.1080/19768354.2010.528207}}</ref> |
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== References == |
== References == |
Horsehair crab | |
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Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Arthropoda |
Class: | Malacostraca |
Order: | Decapoda |
Suborder: | Pleocyemata |
Infraorder: | Brachyura |
Family: | Cheiragonidae |
Genus: | Erimacrus |
Species: |
E. isenbeckii
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Binomial name | |
Erimacrus isenbeckii (Brandt, 1848) |
The horsehair crab, Erimacrus isenbeckii (Japanese: ケガニ, kegani), is a species of crab which is found mainly in the Northwest Pacific, around the Hokkaido coast in the Sea of Okhotsk and the Western Bering Sea and is an important commercial species used in Japanese cuisine.[1][2] Despite the importance of the species, biological studies are usually specialized and limited.[3] The catch for the species reached a peak in the 1950s at 27,000 tons and has decreased since, reaching 2,000 tons in 2003.[4] Due to the commercial importance of the species, many stock enhancement programs have been utilized to help maintain a successful fishery.[4] The species is commonly found on sandy benthic environments from shallow water to depths of up to 350 meters.[5][6][7]
E. isenbeckii has a hard shell and soft spines which cover the shell and appendages.[3] It can reach over 1 kg in weight. Erimacrus isenbeckii is known to feed three to four times in a ten to twelve hour time-span and cannibalism is common for E. isenbeckii in the spring.[8][2] The carapaceofE. isenbeckii can reach 100 to 120 mm in length in adults.[7] Like the two other species in the same family, the gonophores of females are exposed.[9]
In the western Bering Sea, males typically live in areas of around 3.4 °C and depths of around 66 meters, while females can be found in temperatures of 2.4 °C and depths of around 64 meters.[3]
The embryonic development of the species can be divided into nine stages, each defined by cleavage and formation of distinct appendages. To incubate the eggs after spawning, females attach them to their pleopods.[10] Based on many surveys conducted during the spawning and hatching seasons, the incubation period of the species is estimated to be over a year, with the embryonic growth rate mainly being controlled by the temperature of the water.[6] Young hatch between March and May and remain as zooplankton until they reach the bottom of the sea by July.[5] The hatching process occurs during the spring phytoplankton bloom in the Sea of Okhotsk.[11][12] The zoea of this species can be mistaken for the two other species in the same family, but E. isenbeckii zoea lack carapace spines and have shorter lateral spines on the fork of the telson.[9]
Erimacrus isenbeckii |
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