* Cinotto, Simone. ''The Italian American table: food, family, and community in New York City'' (U of Illinois Press, 2013) [https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=ZXBiAgAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=Italians+%22New+York%22&ots=FO62AD5yKG&sig=k89bmcs8NtRnHAPqgOM8eYXq8oM online].
* Cinotto, Simone. ''The Italian American table: food, family, and community in New York City'' (U of Illinois Press, 2013) [https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=ZXBiAgAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=Italians+%22New+York%22&ots=FO62AD5yKG&sig=k89bmcs8NtRnHAPqgOM8eYXq8oM online].
* Cohen, Miriam. "Changing education strategies among immigrant generations: New York Italians in comparative perspective." ''Journal of Social History'' 15.3 (1982): 443-466. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/3787157 online]
* Cohen, Miriam. "Changing education strategies among immigrant generations: New York Italians in comparative perspective." ''Journal of Social History'' 15.3 (1982): 443-466. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/3787157 online]
* Friedman-Kasaba, Kathie. ''Memories of migration: Gender, ethnicity, and work in the lives of Jewish and Italian women in New York, 1870-1924'' (State University of New York Press, 2012) [https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=t8LdPjOdgdkC&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=Italians+%22New+York%22&ots=04ELcw1gwv&sig=sK7wh-tnDeQtadeAEy215R5vyBs online].
* [[Donna Gabaccia|Gabaccia, Donna R.]] ''From Sicily to Elizabeth Street: Housing and Social Change among Italian Immigrants, 1880-1930'' (1984), New York
* [[Donna Gabaccia|Gabaccia, Donna R.]] ''From Sicily to Elizabeth Street: Housing and Social Change among Italian Immigrants, 1880-1930'' (1984), New York
* Gans, Herbert J. ''Urban Villagers'' (1982), sociological study [https://archive.org/details/urbanvillagers0000unse online]
* Gans, Herbert J. ''Urban Villagers'' (1982), sociological study [https://archive.org/details/urbanvillagers0000unse online]
New York City has the largest population of Italian Americans in the United States of America as well as North America, many of whom inhabit ethnic enclaves in Brooklyn, the Bronx, Manhattan, Queens, and Staten Island. New York is home to the third largest Italian population outside of Italy, behind Buenos Aires, Argentina (first) and São Paulo, Brazil (second). Over 2.6 million[1] Italians and Italian-Americans live in the greater New York metro area, with about 800,000 living within one of the five New York City boroughs. This makes Italian Americans the largest ethnic group in the New York metro area.
The first Italian to reside in New York was Pietro Cesare Alberti,[2]aVenetian seaman who, in 1635, settled in the Dutch colony of New Amsterdam that would eventually become New York. A small wave of Protestants, known as Waldensians, who were of French and northern Italian heritage (specifically Piedmontese), occurred during the 17th century, with the majority coming between 1654 and 1663.[3] A 1671 Dutch record indicates that, in 1656 alone, the Duchy of Savoy near Turin, Italy, had exiled 300 Waldensians due to their Protestant faith.
The largest wave of Italian immigration to the United States took place in the late 19th century and early 20th century. Between 1820 and 1978, 5.3 million Italians immigrated to the United States, including over two million between 1900 and 1910. Only Irish and Germans immigrated in larger numbers.
The first New York neighborhood to be settled by large numbers of Italian immigrants – primarily from Southern Italy (mostly from Sicily) – was East Harlem, which became the first part of the city to be known as "Little Italy". The area, which lies east of Lexington Avenue between 96th and 116th Streets and east of Madison Avenue between 116th and 125th Streets, featured people from different regions of Italy on each cross street, as immigrants from each area chose to live in close proximity to each other.[4]
"Italian Harlem" approached its peak in the 1930s, with over 100,000 Italian-Americans living in its crowded, run-down apartment buildings.[5] The 1930 census showed that 81 percent of the population of Italian Harlem consisted of first- or second- generation Italian Americans. This was somewhat less than the concentration of Italian Americans in the Lower East Side’s Little Italy with 88 percent; Italian Harlem’s total population, however, was three times that of Little Italy.[6] Remnants of the neighborhood's Italian heritage are kept alive by the Giglio Society of East Harlem. Every year on the second weekend of August, the Feast of Our Lady of Mount Carmel is celebrated and the "Dancing of the Giglio" is performed for thousands of visitors.
After World War II, the original Italian settlements such as East Harlem declined as Italian Americans moved to the North Bronx, Queens and Brooklyn's southern tier. The geographic shift coincided with a new wave of Italian immigration. An estimated 129,000 to 150,000 Italian immigrants entered New York City between 1945 and 1973. Bypassing Manhattan, they settled in Italian American neighborhoods in the outer boroughs and helped reinvigorate Italian culture and community institutions. With the influx of postwar immigrants, Bensonhurst became the largest Italian community in New York City, with 150,000 Italian Americans in the 1980 census.[7]
The best-known "Little Italy" in Manhattan is the area currently called that, which centers around Mulberry Street. This settlement, however, is rapidly becoming part of the adjacent Chinatown as the older Italian residents die and their children move elsewhere. As of the 2000 census, 692,739 New Yorkers reported Italian ancestry, making them the largest European ethnic group in the city.[8] In 2011, the American Community Survey found there were 49,075 persons of Italian birth in New York.[9]
The Italian international private school La Scuola d'Italia Guglielmo Marconi, serving grades Pre-Kindergarten through 12, is located in Manhattan. It is the sole bilingual English-Italian day school in North America. Despite the large Italian American population, the vast majority of bilingual day schools in North America are French speaking.[10]
The John D. Calandra Italian American Institute, founded in 1979 and located in Midtown Manhattan, is an academic institute that studies matters pertaining to the history of Italians in the United States.
The Italian American Museum is located in Manhattan's Little Italy. Located in a former bank, Banca Stabile, its current building had a "soft opening" in September 2008,[12] and a formal opening in October.[13]
^Joseph Sciorra (2015). Built with Faith: Italian American imagination and Catholic material culture in New York City. University of Tennessee Press. p. xxxii
Baily, Samuel L. "The Adjustment of Italian Immigrants in Buenos Aires and New York, 1870-1914." American Historical Review 88.2 (1983): 281-305. online
Baily, Samuel L. Immigrants in the lands of promise: Italians in Buenos Aires and New York City, 1870-1914 (Cornell University Press, 1999). online
Bayor, Ronald H. Neighbors in Conflict: The Irish, Germans, Jews, and Italians of New York City, 1929-1941 (1988). online
Binder, Frederick M., and David M. Reimers. All the nations under heaven: An ethnic and racial history of New York City (Columbia University Press, 1995), passim.
Cannisttato, Philip V. ed. The Italians of New York (New York Historical Society, 1999). online chapter on film, 13 articles by experts
Cinotto, Simone. The Italian American table: food, family, and community in New York City (U of Illinois Press, 2013) online.
Cohen, Miriam. "Changing education strategies among immigrant generations: New York Italians in comparative perspective." Journal of Social History 15.3 (1982): 443-466. online
Friedman-Kasaba, Kathie. Memories of migration: Gender, ethnicity, and work in the lives of Jewish and Italian women in New York, 1870-1924 (State University of New York Press, 2012) online.
Gabaccia, Donna R.From Sicily to Elizabeth Street: Housing and Social Change among Italian Immigrants, 1880-1930 (1984), New York
Gans, Herbert J. Urban Villagers (1982), sociological study online
Glazer, Nathan, and Daniel Patrick Moynihan. Beyond the Melting Pot: The Negroes, Puerto Ricans, Jews, Italians, and Irish of New York City (MIT Press, 1970). online
Guglielmo, Jennifer. Living the revolution: Italian women's resistance and radicalism in New York City, 1880-1945 (Univ of North Carolina Press, 2010) online.
Haiier, Hermann W. "Italian in New York" in The multilingual apple: languages in New York City (2011): 119+.
Mariano, John Horace. The second generation of Italians in New York City (1921) online
Model, Suzanne. "A comparative perspective on the ethnic enclave: Blacks, Italians, and Jews in New York City." International Migration Review 19.1 (1985): 64-81. online
Orsi, Robert A. The Madonna of 115th Street: Faith and Community in Italian Harlem, 1880–1950. (Yale UP, 1985) online 3rd ed. 2010
Pozzetta, George Enrico. "The Italians of New York City, 1890-1914" (PhD dissertation, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1971) ProQuest Dissertations Publishing, 1971. 7210760.
Russo, Nicholas John. "Three generations of Italians in New York City: their religious acculturation." International Migration Digest 3.2 (1969): 3-17.
Sciorra, Joseph. Built with Faith: Italian American Immigration and Catholic Material Culture in New York City (University of Tennessee Press, 2015)
