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{{Short description|Indigenous Maya people of Guatemala}} |
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{{Infobox ethnic group |
{{Infobox ethnic group |
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| group = Kaqchikel (Cakchiquel) |
| group = Kaqchikel (Cakchiquel) |
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| image = [[Image:Cakchiquel_family.JPG|250px]] |
| image = [[Image:Cakchiquel_family.JPG|250px]] |
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| caption = A Kaqchikel family |
| caption = A Kaqchikel family |
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| population = 1,068,356<ref name="Censo2018">{{cite web|url=https://www.censopoblacion.gt/archivos/resultados_censo2018.pdf|title=Resultados Censo 2018 |publisher=Instituto Nacional de Estadistica Guatemala |access-date=9 May 2020}}</ref> |
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| population = 832,968<ref>According to the official 2002 census: {{cite web |url=http://www.ine.gob.gt/Nesstar/Censo2002/survey0/dataSet/dataFiles/dataFile1/var26.html |title= XI Censo Nacional de Población y VI de Habitación (Censo 2002) - Pertenencia de grupo étnico |accessdate=2008-05-27 |publisher=Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas |year=2002 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080612073239/http://www.ine.gob.gt/Nesstar/Censo2002/survey0/dataSet/dataFiles/dataFile1/var26.html |archivedate=12 June 2008 }} The Summer Institute of Linguistics (SIL) mentions a different number [http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=gt]</ref> |
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| popplace = {{flag|Guatemala}} ([[Sacatepéquez (department)|Sacatepéquez]], [[Sololá (department)|Sololá]])<br /> |
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| regions = {{flag|Mexico}} ([[Chiapas]], [[Campeche]])<br /> |
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| region1 = |
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| ref1 = {{lower|<ref>[http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=gt Ethnologue report for Guatemala<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>}} |
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| region2 = [[Chimaltenango (department)|Chimaltenango]] |
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| region3 = [[Sololá (department)|Sololá]] |
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| pop4 = |
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| languages = [[Kaqchikel language|Kaqchikel]], [[Spanish language|Spanish]] |
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| ref4 = |
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| religions = [[Catholic]], [[Evangelicalism| |
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| languages = [[Kaqchikel language|Kaqchikel]], [[Spanish language|Spanish]] |
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| ⚫ | | religions = [[Catholic]], [[Evangelicalism|Evangelical]], [[Maya religion]] |
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| related = [[K'iche' people|K'iche']], [[Tz'utujil people|Tzutujil]] |
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}} |
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The '''Kaqchikel''' (also called '''Kachiquel'''<ref name=Baily1>{{cite book|last=Baily|first=John|title=Central America; Describing Each of the States of Guatemala, Honduras, Salvador, Nicaragua and Costa Rica|year=1850|publisher=Trelawney Saunders|location=London|page=83|url=http://www.wdl.org/en/item/7306/view/1/83/}}</ref>) are one of the [[ |
The '''Kaqchikel''' (also called '''Kachiquel'''<ref name=Baily1>{{cite book|last=Baily|first=John|title=Central America; Describing Each of the States of Guatemala, Honduras, Salvador, Nicaragua and Costa Rica|year=1850|publisher=Trelawney Saunders|location=London|page=83|url=http://www.wdl.org/en/item/7306/view/1/83/}}</ref>) are one of the [[Indigenous peoples in Guatemala|Indigenous]] [[Maya peoples]] of the midwestern highlands of [[Guatemala]] and of southern [[Mexico]]. They constitute Guatemala's third largest Maya group.<ref>Carlsen, Robert S. "Kaqchikel." In [[David Carrasco|Davíd Carrasco]] (ed). ''[https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780195108156.001.0001/acref-9780195108156 The Oxford Encyclopedia of Mesoamerican Cultures]''. : Oxford University Press, 2001. {{ISBN|9780195188431|}}</ref> The name was formerly spelled in various other ways, including Cakchiquel, Kakchiquel, Caqchikel, and Cachiquel. |
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== Language == |
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In [[Mesoamerican chronology|Postclassic Maya]] times the capital of the main branch of the Kaqchikel was [[Iximché]]. Like the neighboring [[K'iche' people|K'iche' (Quiché)]], they were governed by four lords: Tzotzil, Xahil, Tucuché and [[Chajoma|Acajal]], who were responsible for the administrative, military and religious affairs. The Kakchikel recorded their history in the book [[Annals of the Cakchiquels]], also known as [[Memorial de Sololá]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gutenberg.org/files/20775/20775-h/20775-h.htm|title=The Project Gutenberg eBook of The Annals of the Cakchiquels, by Daniel G. Brinton.|website=www.gutenberg.org|access-date=2018-02-07}}</ref> |
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The [[Kaqchikel language]], one of the [[Mayan languages]] from the [[Quichean languages|Quichean]] branch, is spoken today by 400,000 people. It is closely related to the [[Tzʼutujil language|Tzutujil language]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Atlas de los Pueblos Indígenas de México: Kaqchikeles – Lengua |url=http://atlas.inpi.gob.mx/kaqchikeles-lengua/}}</ref> |
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== Location == |
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| ⚫ | The [[Chajoma]] were another [[Kaqchikel language|Kaqchikel]]-speaking people; the ruins of [[Mixco Viejo]] have been identified as their capital. |
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In [[Mexico]], the Kaqchikel communities are located in the state of [[Chiapas]], in the municipalities of [[Amatenango de la Frontera]], [[Mazapa de Madero]], [[Motozintla]], [[Frontera Comalapa]], [[El Porvenir, Chiapas|El Porvenir]] and [[Villa Comaltitlán|Villa Comatitlan]], due to recent migrations, there are small Kaqchikel communities in the state of [[Campeche]] located in the municipalities of [[Campeche Municipality|Campeche]] and [[Champotón Municipality|Champotón]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Atlas de los Pueblos Indígenas de México: Kaqchikeles – Localización |url=http://atlas.inpi.gob.mx/kaqchikeles-etnografia/#}}</ref> |
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In Guatemala they live in the departments of [[Sololá Department|Sololá]], [[Chimaltenango Department|Chimaltenango]] and [[Sacatepéquez Department|Sacatepéquez]]. |
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| ⚫ | Iximché was conquered by the Spanish [[conquistador]] [[Pedro de Alvarado]] in 1524. At that time, the Kaqchikel were the enemies of the neighbouring [[K'iche' Kingdom of Q'umarkaj|K'iche' Kingdom]], and helped the Spaniards to conquer it. The first colonial capital of Guatemala, [[Tecpán Guatemala]], was founded near Iximché on July 25, 1524. On November 22, 1527, after several Kaqchikel uprisings, the capital was moved to [[Ciudad Vieja]], near [[Antigua Guatemala]]. |
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== History == |
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The [[Kaqchikel language]], one of the [[Mayan languages]], is spoken today by 400,000 people. They subsist agriculturally, and their culture reflects a fusion of Maya and [[Culture of Spain|Spanish influences]]. |
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| ⚫ | In [[Mesoamerican chronology|Postclassic Maya]] times the capital of the main branch of the Kaqchikel was [[Iximché]]. Like the neighboring [[K'iche' people|K'iche' (Quiché)]], they were governed by four lords: Tzotzil, Xahil, Tucuché and [[Chajoma|Acajal]], who were responsible for the administrative, military and religious affairs. The Kakchikel recorded their history in the book ''[[Annals of the Cakchiquels]]'', also known as ''[[Memorial de Sololá]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gutenberg.org/files/20775/20775-h/20775-h.htm|title=The Project Gutenberg eBook of The Annals of the Cakchiquels, by Daniel G. Brinton.|website=www.gutenberg.org|access-date=2018-02-07}}</ref> |
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| ⚫ | The [[Chajoma]] were another [[Kaqchikel language|Kaqchikel]]-speaking people; the ruins of [[Mixco Viejo]] have been identified as their capital. |
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In November 1920, Cameron Townsend attended a gathering of politicians and diplomats from various Central American countries, after which he desired to begin the difficult process of writing down the Kapchikel language and thereby to translate the Bible into their native language. Cameron completed this massive undertaking on October 15, 1928, and sent the New Testament off to print. This was the genesis of the [[Wycliffe Bible Translators]]. |
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| ⚫ | Iximché was conquered by the Spanish [[conquistador]] [[Pedro de Alvarado]] in 1524. At that time, the Kaqchikel were the enemies of the neighbouring [[K'iche' Kingdom of Q'umarkaj|K'iche' Kingdom]], and helped the Spaniards to conquer it. The first colonial capital of Guatemala, [[Tecpán Guatemala]], was founded near Iximché on July 25, 1524. On November 22, 1527, after several Kaqchikel uprisings, the capital was moved to [[Ciudad Vieja]], near [[Antigua Guatemala]]. |
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These early missionaries helped improve the lives of this and countless other tribes, so much that in the fall of 1936, President Lazaro Cardenas of Mexico recognized this work. He invited as many translators into Mexico as possible to help all of the other tribes in the country.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Benge|first1=Janet & Geoff|title=Cameron Townsend – Good News in Every Language|date=2000|publisher=YWAM Publishers|location=Seattle, WA|isbn=1-57658-164-0}}</ref> |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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{{Indigenous peoples of Mexico}} |
{{Indigenous peoples of Mexico}} |
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{{Authority control}} |
{{Authority control}} |
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[[Category:Kaqchikel| ]] |
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[[Category:Maya peoples of Guatemala]] |
[[Category:Maya peoples of Guatemala]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Chimaltenango Department]] |
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[[Category:ciudad de canada al nireste del mar Department]] |
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[[Category:Guatemala Department]] |
[[Category:Guatemala Department]] |
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[[Category:Sacatepéquez Department]] |
[[Category:Sacatepéquez Department]] |
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{{Guatemala-stub}} |
{{Guatemala-stub}} |
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{{ |
{{NorthAm-native-stub}} |
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[[Category:Indigenous peoples in Mexico]] |
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[[Category:Maya peoples of Mexico]] |
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A Kaqchikel family
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| Total population | |
|---|---|
| 1,068,356[1] | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
 Guatemala (Sacatepéquez, Sololá) Mexico (Chiapas, Campeche) | |
| Languages | |
| Kaqchikel, Spanish | |
| Religion | |
| Catholic, Evangelical, Maya religion | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| K'iche', Tzutujil |
The Kaqchikel (also called Kachiquel[2]) are one of the Indigenous Maya peoples of the midwestern highlands of Guatemala and of southern Mexico. They constitute Guatemala's third largest Maya group.[3] The name was formerly spelled in various other ways, including Cakchiquel, Kakchiquel, Caqchikel, and Cachiquel.
The Kaqchikel language, one of the Mayan languages from the Quichean branch, is spoken today by 400,000 people. It is closely related to the Tzutujil language.[4]
InMexico, the Kaqchikel communities are located in the state of Chiapas, in the municipalities of Amatenango de la Frontera, Mazapa de Madero, Motozintla, Frontera Comalapa, El Porvenir and Villa Comatitlan, due to recent migrations, there are small Kaqchikel communities in the state of Campeche located in the municipalities of Campeche and Champotón.[5]
In Guatemala they live in the departments of Sololá, Chimaltenango and Sacatepéquez.
InPostclassic Maya times the capital of the main branch of the Kaqchikel was Iximché. Like the neighboring K'iche' (Quiché), they were governed by four lords: Tzotzil, Xahil, Tucuché and Acajal, who were responsible for the administrative, military and religious affairs. The Kakchikel recorded their history in the book Annals of the Cakchiquels, also known as Memorial de Sololá.[6]
The Chajoma were another Kaqchikel-speaking people; the ruins of Mixco Viejo have been identified as their capital.
Iximché was conquered by the Spanish conquistador Pedro de Alvarado in 1524. At that time, the Kaqchikel were the enemies of the neighbouring K'iche' Kingdom, and helped the Spaniards to conquer it. The first colonial capital of Guatemala, Tecpán Guatemala, was founded near Iximché on July 25, 1524. On November 22, 1527, after several Kaqchikel uprisings, the capital was moved to Ciudad Vieja, near Antigua Guatemala.
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