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{{Short description|Largest nature reserve in Johannesburg}} |
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{{EngvarB|date=June 2017}} |
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{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2022}} |
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{{Infobox park |
{{Infobox park |
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| name = Klipriviersberg Nature Reserve |
| name = Klipriviersberg Nature Reserve |
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| alt_name = |
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| native_name = |
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| photo = Klipriviersberg Nature Reserve.jpg |
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| photo_caption = Bloubosspruit in the Klipriviersberg Nature Reserve |
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| coords = {{coord|26|18|13|S|28|0|39|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |
| coords = {{coord|26|18|13|S|28|0|39|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |
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| type = Nature reserve |
| type = Nature reserve |
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| location = Peggy Vera Road, Kibler Park, Gauteng |
| location = Peggy Vera Road, Kibler Park, Gauteng |
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| area = {{convert|680|ha|acre}} |
| area = {{convert|680|ha|acre}} |
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| elevation = |
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| created = 1984 |
| created = {{start date|1984|10|09|df=y}} |
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| founder = |
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| designer = |
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| etymology = |
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| operator = Johannesburg City Parks |
| operator = Johannesburg City Parks |
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| camp_sites = None |
| camp_sites = None |
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| hiking_trails = Nine |
| hiking_trails = Nine |
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| parking = Main Entrance |
| parking = Main Entrance – Peggy Vera Road, Kibler Park<br>Northern entrance – Frandaph Drive, Mondeor |
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| publictransit = |
| publictransit = |
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| plants = 650 – 700 species |
| plants = 650 – 700 species |
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| species = Large game<br>215 birds species |
| species = Large game<br>215 birds species |
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| collections = |
| collections = |
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| designation = |
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| disturbance = |
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| other_info = |
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| website = {{ |
| website = {{URL| http://www.jhbcityparks.com/ }}<br>{{URL|klipriviersberg.org.za/ }} |
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'''Klipriviersberg Nature Reserve''' |
'''Klipriviersberg Nature Reserve''' is a nature reserve consisting of [[veld]] and [[Koppie|koppies]] (hills) run by the [[Johannesburg City Parks]]. It is located {{convert|11|km}} south of [[Johannesburg]], in an area of {{convert|640|ha}}. Home to many species of flora and bird life, it is also home to large and small [[mammals]] such as [[blesbok]], [[zebra]], [[wildebeest]] and [[duiker]]. |
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The reserve has a number of hiking trails and archaeological sites, with the ''Bloubosspruit'' flowing through the area. |
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==History== |
==History== |
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Prehistory saw the area inhabited by stone age man who hunted in the area with the location claimed to have the highest concentration of identified [[Iron Age]] sites on the [[Witwatersrand]] with the discovery of artefacts dating back 250,000 years.<ref name="Hike">{{cite web |
Prehistory saw the area inhabited by stone age man who hunted in the area with the location claimed to have the highest concentration of identified [[Iron Age]] sites on the [[Witwatersrand]] with the discovery of artefacts dating back 250,000 years.<ref name="Hike">{{cite web|url=http://www.footprint.co.za/klipriviersberg.htm |title=Klipriviersberg Nature Reserve |publisher=Footprint Hiking Club |accessdate=1 November 2015 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150729074923/http://www.footprint.co.za/klipriviersberg.htm |archivedate=29 July 2015 }}</ref><ref name="JoParks">{{cite web | url=http://www.jhbcityparks.com/index.php/2015-04-29-12-30-27/find-a-park-contents-64?task=view&id=42 | title=Klipriviersberg Nature Reserve | publisher=Johannesburg City Parks and Zoo | accessdate=1 November 2015}}</ref><ref name="sabinet">{{Cite journal | title = Klipriviersberg – Johannesburg's green jewel of the south | last = Stephen | first = Cousins | last2 = Joan | first2 = Faiola | last3 = Vermaak | first3 = Vanessa | journal= Veld & Flora | date = June 2014 | accessdate = 3 January 2016 | url = http://reference.sabinet.co.za/sa_epublication_article/veld_v100_n2_a12 |url-access=subscription |volume=100 |pages=68–71 |issn=0042-3203 |issue=2 }}</ref> |
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The [[Sotho-Tswana peoples]] would later settle in the area in the 1400s and would leave the location around 1800 when possibly climate changes and the movement of more militant tribes into the area saw their departure to [[Botswana]].<ref name="Klip01">{{cite web |
The [[Sotho-Tswana peoples]] would later settle in the area in the 1400s and would leave the location around 1800 when possibly climate changes and the movement of more militant tribes into the area saw their departure to [[Botswana]].<ref name="Klip01">{{cite web|url=http://klipriviersberg.org.za/index.php/history-overview/sotho-tswana-settlers |title=History: Sotho-Tswana Settlers |publisher=Klipriviersberg Nature Reserve Association |accessdate=1 November 2015 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160114204335/http://www.klipriviersberg.org.za/index.php/history-overview/sotho-tswana-settlers |archivedate=14 January 2016 }}</ref> Their lifestyle consisted of animal husbandry and the growing [[millet]], [[sorghum]] and later maize imported into Africa by the Portuguese traders.<ref name=Klip01/> |
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Around 1850, [[Voortrekkers|Voorttrekker]] Sarel Marais bought land on a western portion of the Rietvlei farm part of which is the reserve today, and used it for grazing and peach farming.<ref name="Klip02">{{cite web |
Around 1850, [[Voortrekkers|Voorttrekker]] Sarel Marais bought land on a western portion of the Rietvlei farm part of which is the reserve today, and used it for grazing and peach farming.<ref name="Klip02">{{cite web|url=http://klipriviersberg.org.za/index.php/history-overview/sarel-marais-story |title=History: Sarel Marais |publisher=Klipriviersberg Nature Reserve Association |accessdate=1 November 2015 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160114203806/http://www.klipriviersberg.org.za/index.php/history-overview/sarel-marais-story |archivedate=14 January 2016 }}</ref> His descendants would eventually sell the farm in 1914 to the Quilliam family who used it for dairy farming and as a piggery.<ref name=Klip02/> By 1939, the Quilliam family had sold the land to the [[City of Johannesburg]].<ref name=Klip02/> |
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After the discovery of gold in the Witwatersrand, the shortage of water saw a proposal to build a dam in the northern part of the reserve.<ref name="Klip08">{{cite web |
After the discovery of gold in the Witwatersrand, the shortage of water saw a proposal to build a dam in the northern part of the reserve.<ref name="Klip08">{{cite web|url=http://klipriviersberg.org.za/index.php/history-overview/the-vierfontein-dam |title=Vierfontein |publisher=Klipriviersberg Nature Reserve Association |accessdate=1 November 2015 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160114205122/http://www.klipriviersberg.org.za/index.php/history-overview/the-vierfontein-dam |archivedate=14 January 2016 }}</ref> To be called the Vierfontein Dam, work ended on it as the Second Boer War broke out and all that remains across the ''spruit'' is the remains of a [[weir]].<ref name=Klip08/> After the war, the proposal was found to be uneconomical and the [[Rand Water]] Board chose the [[Vaal Dam]] barrage as a better option.<ref name=Klip08/> |
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During the [[Second Boer War]], the hills around the reserve were used by Boers in the |
During the [[Second Boer War]], the hills around the reserve were used by Boers in the defence of Johannesburg against the southern advance of the British forces under [[Frederick Roberts, 1st Earl Roberts|Lord Roberts]] from the direction of [[Vereeniging]]. |
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In the late |
In the late 1970s residents of the area petitioned the Johannesburg City Council to declare the area as nature reserve.<ref name="Klip03">{{cite web|url=http://klipriviersberg.org.za/index.php/about-the-association/about-the-association |title=About Us |publisher=Klipriviersberg Nature Reserve Association |accessdate=1 November 2015 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160114204044/http://www.klipriviersberg.org.za/index.php/about-the-association/about-the-association |archivedate=14 January 2016 }}</ref> The council asked the residents to form an association to assist the council in the proposed reserves management and was formed as the Klipriviersberg Nature Reserve Association; the nature reserve was proclaimed in 1984.<ref name=Klip03/><ref>{{Cite web |title=Gazetted Name: Klipriviersberg Nature Reserve |url=https://portal.environment.gov.za/PortalDownloads/PACA_Gazettes/PA/NR/Klipriviersberg_NR.pdf}}</ref> |
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==Fauna and flora== |
==Fauna and flora== |
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[[File:Kiepersol.jpg|thumb|left|]] |
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Large mammals such as Black Wildebeest, Blesbok, [[Springbok]], [[Red Hartebeest]] and Zebra are found in the reserve with approximately 240 of these large animals.<ref name="Klip04">{{cite web |
Large mammals such as [[Black wildebeest|Black Wildebeest]], Blesbok, [[Springbok]], [[Red Hartebeest]] and Zebra are found in the reserve with approximately 240 of these large animals.<ref name="Klip04">{{cite web|url=http://klipriviersberg.org.za/index.php/fauna/mammals/mammal-overview |title=Mammals |publisher=Klipriviersberg Nature Reserve Association |accessdate=1 November 2015 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160114204935/http://www.klipriviersberg.org.za/index.php/fauna/mammals/mammal-overview |archivedate=14 January 2016 }}</ref> Also found are numerous small mammals. 215 species of bird life have been recorded in the reserve as well as [[snakes]], [[geckos]], [[lizards]], [[skinks]] and [[terrapins]].<ref name="Klip05">{{cite web|url=http://klipriviersberg.org.za/index.php/fauna/birds/a-birding-overview |title=Birds |publisher=Klipriviersberg Nature Reserve Association |accessdate=1 November 2015 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160114204930/http://www.klipriviersberg.org.za/index.php/fauna/birds/a-birding-overview |archivedate=14 January 2016 }}</ref> It is also a haven for insect life such as butterflies and spiders. There is said to be between 650—700 species of plants in the reserve. Over 340 wild flowers, 67 tree and shrub types as well as 70 grasses species have been catalogued.<ref name="Klip06">{{cite web|url=http://klipriviersberg.org.za/index.php/flora/trees-and-shrubs-an-overview |title=Flora |publisher=Klipriviersberg Nature Reserve Association |accessdate=1 November 2015 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160114203743/http://www.klipriviersberg.org.za/index.php/flora/trees-and-shrubs-an-overview |archivedate=14 January 2016 }}</ref> |
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==Recreation== |
==Recreation== |
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The fenced reserve is open all year round from dawn to dusk. The ruins of Marais' farmhouse, wagon shelter and family cemetery can still be seen today.<ref name=Klip02/> There |
The fenced reserve is open all year round from dawn to dusk. The ruins of Marais' farmhouse, wagon shelter and family cemetery can still be seen today.<ref name=Klip02/> There are also nine trails to hike, amounting to {{convert|20|km}}.<ref name="Klip07">{{cite web|url=http://klipriviersberg.org.za/index.php/hiking/hiking-in-the-reserve |title=Hiking in the Reserve |publisher=Klipriviersberg Nature Reserve Association |accessdate=1 November 2015 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151126111510/http://www.klipriviersberg.org.za/index.php/hiking/hiking-in-the-reserve |archivedate=26 November 2015 }}</ref> To the north of the reserve is the Silent Pool, the result of a hole dug during the construction of the proposed dam. The reserve can be entered at two points: |
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* The main entrance in Peggy Vera Road, Kibler Park.{{efn|Peggy Vera Rd entrance {{coord|-26.303767| 28.010730|format=dms|display=inline}} }} |
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* Silent Pool entrance in from Frandalph Drive, Mondeor.{{efn|Frandalph Dr entrance {{coord|-26.283240| 28.009833|format=dms|display=inline}} }} |
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== Gallery == |
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<gallery> |
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File:Black Wildebeest 2.jpg|[[Black wildebeest|Black Wildebeest]] |
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File:Gymnosporia buxifolia00.jpg|[[Gymnosporia buxifolia]] |
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File:Transvaal Girdled Lizard, Klipriviersberg, Johannesburg, South Africa.JPG|alt=|[[Transvaal girdled lizard|Transvaal Girdled Lizard]] |
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File:Yellow Mongoose Klipriviersberg Johannesburg.jpg|alt=|[[Yellow mongoose|Yellow Mongoose]] |
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</gallery> |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{ |
{{notelist}} |
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{{reflist|30em}} |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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* [http://www.jhbcityparks.com/images/parks/klipriviersberg_trails_web.jpg Map of the Nature Reserve], from jhbcityparks.com |
* [http://www.jhbcityparks.com/images/parks/klipriviersberg_trails_web.jpg Map of the Nature Reserve], from jhbcityparks.com |
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* [http://klipriviersberg.org.za/ Klipriviersberg Nature Reserve Association] |
* [http://klipriviersberg.org.za/ Klipriviersberg Nature Reserve Association] |
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* [https://mywildearth.com/hiking/klipriviersberg-trails/ Hiking the Reserve] |
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{{Greater Johannesburg}} |
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{{Authority control}} |
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[[Category:Nature reserves in South Africa]] |
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[[Category:Parks in Johannesburg]] |
[[Category:Parks in Johannesburg]] |
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[[Category:Tourist attractions in Johannesburg]] |
[[Category:Tourist attractions in Johannesburg]] |
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[[Category:Tourist attractions in Gauteng]] |
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| Klipriviersberg Nature Reserve | |
|---|---|
Bloubosspruit in the Klipriviersberg Nature Reserve
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| Type | Nature reserve |
| Location | Peggy Vera Road, Kibler Park, Gauteng |
| Nearest city | Johannesburg |
| Coordinates | 26°18′13″S 28°0′39″E / 26.30361°S 28.01083°E / -26.30361; 28.01083 |
| Area | 680 hectares (1,700 acres) |
| Created | 9 October 1984 (1984-10-09) |
| Operated by | Johannesburg City Parks |
| Open | All year |
| Camp sites | None |
| Hiking trails | Nine |
| Plants | 650 – 700 species |
| Species | Large game 215 birds species |
| Parking | Main Entrance – Peggy Vera Road, Kibler Park Northern entrance – Frandaph Drive, Mondeor |
| Website | www klipriviersberg |
Klipriviersberg Nature Reserve is a nature reserve consisting of veld and koppies (hills) run by the Johannesburg City Parks. It is located 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) south of Johannesburg, in an area of 640 hectares (1,600 acres). Home to many species of flora and bird life, it is also home to large and small mammals such as blesbok, zebra, wildebeest and duiker.
The reserve has a number of hiking trails and archaeological sites, with the Bloubosspruit flowing through the area.
Prehistory saw the area inhabited by stone age man who hunted in the area with the location claimed to have the highest concentration of identified Iron Age sites on the Witwatersrand with the discovery of artefacts dating back 250,000 years.[1][2][3]
The Sotho-Tswana peoples would later settle in the area in the 1400s and would leave the location around 1800 when possibly climate changes and the movement of more militant tribes into the area saw their departure to Botswana.[4] Their lifestyle consisted of animal husbandry and the growing millet, sorghum and later maize imported into Africa by the Portuguese traders.[4]
Around 1850, Voorttrekker Sarel Marais bought land on a western portion of the Rietvlei farm part of which is the reserve today, and used it for grazing and peach farming.[5] His descendants would eventually sell the farm in 1914 to the Quilliam family who used it for dairy farming and as a piggery.[5] By 1939, the Quilliam family had sold the land to the City of Johannesburg.[5]
After the discovery of gold in the Witwatersrand, the shortage of water saw a proposal to build a dam in the northern part of the reserve.[6] To be called the Vierfontein Dam, work ended on it as the Second Boer War broke out and all that remains across the spruit is the remains of a weir.[6] After the war, the proposal was found to be uneconomical and the Rand Water Board chose the Vaal Dam barrage as a better option.[6]
During the Second Boer War, the hills around the reserve were used by Boers in the defence of Johannesburg against the southern advance of the British forces under Lord Roberts from the direction of Vereeniging.
In the late 1970s residents of the area petitioned the Johannesburg City Council to declare the area as nature reserve.[7] The council asked the residents to form an association to assist the council in the proposed reserves management and was formed as the Klipriviersberg Nature Reserve Association; the nature reserve was proclaimed in 1984.[7][8]
Large mammals such as Black Wildebeest, Blesbok, Springbok, Red Hartebeest and Zebra are found in the reserve with approximately 240 of these large animals.[9] Also found are numerous small mammals. 215 species of bird life have been recorded in the reserve as well as snakes, geckos, lizards, skinks and terrapins.[10] It is also a haven for insect life such as butterflies and spiders. There is said to be between 650—700 species of plants in the reserve. Over 340 wild flowers, 67 tree and shrub types as well as 70 grasses species have been catalogued.[11]
The fenced reserve is open all year round from dawn to dusk. The ruins of Marais' farmhouse, wagon shelter and family cemetery can still be seen today.[5] There are also nine trails to hike, amounting to 20 kilometres (12 mi).[12] To the north of the reserve is the Silent Pool, the result of a hole dug during the construction of the proposed dam. The reserve can be entered at two points:
