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| designation1_offname = Lake Letes |
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| designation1_date = 15 September 2023 |
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| designation1_number = 2524<ref name="RSIS">{{Cite web|title=Lake Letes|website=[[Ramsar Convention|Ramsar]] Sites Information Service|url=https://rsis.ramsar.org/ris/2524|access-date=20 October 2023}}</ref>}} |
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'''Lake Letas''' is the largest [[lake]] in [[Vanuatu]], located in the center of the volcanic island of [[Gaua]] of the [[Banks Islands]] in northern Vanuatu. The place submitted an application to be considered an [[UNESCO World Heritage Site]] in 2004. |
'''Lake Letas''' is the largest [[lake]] in [[Vanuatu]], located in the center of the volcanic island of [[Gaua]] of the [[Banks Islands]] in northern Vanuatu. The place submitted an application to be considered an [[UNESCO World Heritage Site]] in 2004, and has been listed as a protected [[Ramsar site]] since 2023.<ref name="RSIS"/> |
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The volcanic lake is U-shaped, surrounding [[Mount Gharat]] on all sides except southwest. It is about 9 km long (north to south) and about 6 km wide, with an area of 19 km<sup>2</sup>. It is situated in the center of the 20 km diameter island; the lake rests 418 meters above sea level<ref name="Bani">Bani, Ernest, & David Esrom. 1993. [http://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/wetlands/pdf/Oceania/Republic%20of%20Vanuatu.pdf Republic of Vanuatu] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100717032614/http://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/wetlands/pdf/Oceania/Republic%20of%20Vanuatu.pdf |date=2010-07-17 }}. In ''A directory of wetlands in Oceania'', ed. by D. A. Scott. Slimbridge, UK: International Waterfowl and Wetlands Research Bureau, 397-420.</ref> and it is 119 meters deep.<ref name="bathy">{{in lang|fr}} Thery Laurent, Charley Douglas, Lardy Michel, Tari Joseph, 1995, [http://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:43112 Bathymétrie du lac Létas, Ile de Gaua (Banks), Vanuatu]. Port-Vila: [[ORSTOM]].</ref> It is a fresh water lake with a temperature of 32 °C, where only [[eel]]s and [[shrimp]]s can survive.<ref>Mourgues, Adrien. 2005. [http://www.adaptationlearning.net/sites/default/files/republic_of_vanuatu_environment_profile_2004%20%281%29.pdf Republic of Vanuatu Environment Profile]{{Dead link|date=February 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}. Port-Vila. 74 pp.</ref> The water in the lake is not very clear, but has a greenish color. Water constantly flows out of the lake at a natural overflow located on the eastern side of the lake. The water flows about 3 km east to [[Siri Waterfall]] and then another 3 km through rivers ''Namang'' or ''Be Solomul'' before it reaches the sea. |
The volcanic lake is U-shaped, surrounding [[Mount Gharat]] on all sides except southwest. It is about 9 km long (north to south) and about 6 km wide, with an area of 19 km<sup>2</sup>. It is situated in the center of the 20 km diameter island; the lake rests 418 meters above sea level<ref name="Bani">Bani, Ernest, & David Esrom. 1993. [http://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/wetlands/pdf/Oceania/Republic%20of%20Vanuatu.pdf Republic of Vanuatu] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100717032614/http://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/wetlands/pdf/Oceania/Republic%20of%20Vanuatu.pdf |date=2010-07-17 }}. In ''A directory of wetlands in Oceania'', ed. by D. A. Scott. Slimbridge, UK: International Waterfowl and Wetlands Research Bureau, 397-420.</ref> and it is 119 meters deep.<ref name="bathy">{{in lang|fr}} Thery Laurent, Charley Douglas, Lardy Michel, Tari Joseph, 1995, [http://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:43112 Bathymétrie du lac Létas, Ile de Gaua (Banks), Vanuatu]. Port-Vila: [[ORSTOM]].</ref> It is a fresh water lake with a temperature of 32 °C, where only [[eel]]s and [[shrimp]]s can survive.<ref>Mourgues, Adrien. 2005. [http://www.adaptationlearning.net/sites/default/files/republic_of_vanuatu_environment_profile_2004%20%281%29.pdf Republic of Vanuatu Environment Profile]{{Dead link|date=February 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}. Port-Vila. 74 pp.</ref> The water in the lake is not very clear, but has a greenish color. Water constantly flows out of the lake at a natural overflow located on the eastern side of the lake. The water flows about 3 km east to [[Siri Waterfall]] and then another 3 km through rivers ''Namang'' or ''Be Solomul'' before it reaches the sea. |
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[[Category:Volcanic crater lakes]] |
[[Category:Volcanic crater lakes]] |
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[[Category:Lakes of Vanuatu]] |
[[Category:Lakes of Vanuatu]] |
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[[Category:Ramsar sites in Vanuatu]] |
Lake Letas | |
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Location | Gaua |
Coordinates | 14°17′S 167°32′E / 14.283°S 167.533°E / -14.283; 167.533 |
Type | crater lake |
Primary outflows | Siri Waterfall |
Basin countries | Vanuatu |
Max. length | 6.3 km (3.9 mi) |
Max. width | 3.6 km (2.2 mi) |
Surface area | 19 km2 (7.3 sq mi) |
Average depth | 42 m (138 ft) |
Max. depth | 119 m (390 ft)[1] |
Water volume | 800×10 |
Surface elevation | 418 m (1,371 ft)[2] |
Official name | Lake Letes |
Designated | 15 September 2023 |
Reference no. | 2524[3] |
Lake Letas is the largest lakeinVanuatu, located in the center of the volcanic island of Gaua of the Banks Islands in northern Vanuatu. The place submitted an application to be considered an UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2004, and has been listed as a protected Ramsar site since 2023.[3]
The volcanic lake is U-shaped, surrounding Mount Gharat on all sides except southwest. It is about 9 km long (north to south) and about 6 km wide, with an area of 19 km2. It is situated in the center of the 20 km diameter island; the lake rests 418 meters above sea level[2] and it is 119 meters deep.[1] It is a fresh water lake with a temperature of 32 °C, where only eels and shrimps can survive.[4] The water in the lake is not very clear, but has a greenish color. Water constantly flows out of the lake at a natural overflow located on the eastern side of the lake. The water flows about 3 km east to Siri Waterfall and then another 3 km through rivers NamangorBe Solomul before it reaches the sea.
Local people say there is a canoe at the top of the lake which is used to cross the lake from the eastern side to get to Mount Gharat. The canoe is sometimes located on the eastern edge of the lake (near the water overflow), or sometimes on the north-eastern edge of the lake (nearest Gaua Airport).
A rough estimate of the water flow rate out of the lake (during the dry season month of August 2006) was approximately 3 cubic meters per second.
In the 1980s it was suggested that the lake could be used as a resource for power generation to supply industrial developments but later the Tourism Council of the South Pacific has suggested that the lake should be included in Vanuatu's protected area system. The Department of Physical Planning and Environment is currently considering the status of protected area to the lake.
The name Letas [leˈtas] comes from the Mota language, which missionaries used to name most places within the Banks Islands. Names in other local languages include Nume Le Tes [lɛˈtɛs], Dorig Bētās [ᵐbɪˈtaːs], Koro Bētäs [ᵐbɪˈtɛ͡as], Olrat Lē Tas [lɪˈtas], and Lakon Ēpitäh [ɪpiˈtæh]. All of these terms contain a reflex of Proto-Torres–Banks *tasi, meaning "sea". Additionally, the Dorig and Koro forms contain an initial component that can be reconstructed as *ᵐbei, meaning "water".