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{{short description|Educator and academic}} |
{{short description|Educator and academic}} |
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{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}} |
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'''Lionel Astor "Lee" Sheridan''' (born 21 July 1927) is a former educator and academic who served as the first Dean of the [[NUS Faculty of Law|Faculty of Law]] at the [[University of Malaya]], and its successor universities, in Singapore. He has been considered the "Father of Legal Education in Malaya".<ref name=PhangLeong1999/>{{rp|364}} |
'''Lionel Astor "Lee" Sheridan''' (born 21 July 1927) is a former educator and academic who served as the first Dean of the [[NUS Faculty of Law|Faculty of Law]] at the [[University of Malaya]], and its successor universities, in Singapore. He has been considered the "Father of Legal Education in Malaya".<ref name=PhangLeong1999/>{{rp|364}} |
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==Early life and education== |
==Early life and education== |
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Lionel Astor Sheridan was born on 21 July 1927 in [[Croydon]], [[Surrey]], to Stanley Frederick Sheridan and Anne Quednan.<ref name=Shoy1984>{{cite journal |last1=Shoy |first1=Lee Ang |title=A Tribute to Professor L.A. Sheridan |journal=Singapore Law Review |date=1984 |volume=5}}</ref>{{rp|1}} He was educated at [[Whitgift School]], and had at seventeen planned to enter [[Pembroke College, Cambridge]], and study English and French |
Lionel Astor Sheridan was born on 21 July 1927 in [[Croydon]], [[Surrey]], to Stanley Frederick Sheridan and Anne Quednan.<ref name=Shoy1984>{{cite journal |last1=Shoy |first1=Lee Ang |title=A Tribute to Professor L.A. Sheridan |journal=Singapore Law Review |date=1984 |volume=5}}</ref>{{rp|1}} He was educated at [[Whitgift School]], and had at seventeen planned to enter [[Pembroke College, Cambridge]], and study English and French literature. However, he changed his mind and began studying for a [[Bachelor of Laws]] degree at the [[University of London]] instead, graduating in 1947. In the next year, he was [[called to the bar]].<ref name=PhangLeong1999/>{{rp|338–9}} |
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After being called to the bar, he planned to study for a PhD at the University of London, and began teaching part-time as an Assistant Lecturer at the [[University of Nottingham]] to cover tuition costs. In 1949, he was given a lectureship at [[Queen's University Belfast]] and subsequently transferred his doctoral candidacy there. At Queen's, his doctoral supervisor was [[J. L. Montrose]].<ref name=PhangLeong1999/>{{rp|338–9}} |
After being called to the bar, he planned to study for a PhD at the University of London, and began teaching part-time as an Assistant Lecturer at the [[University of Nottingham]] to cover tuition costs. In 1949, he was given a lectureship at [[Queen's University Belfast]] and subsequently transferred his doctoral candidacy there. At Queen's, his doctoral supervisor was [[J. L. Montrose]].<ref name=PhangLeong1999/>{{rp|338–9}} |
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{{columns-list|colwidth=30em| |
{{columns-list|colwidth=30em| |
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*[[Chua Boon Lan]], a Singaporean lawyer who served as Sheridan's "principal assistant" |
*[[Chua Boon Lan]], a Singaporean lawyer who served as Sheridan's "principal assistant" |
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*[[Alice |
*[[Alice Tay]], future professor at the [[University of Sydney]] |
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*[[John Tan Chor Yong]] |
*[[John Tan Chor Yong]] |
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*[[Harry Wee]] |
*[[Harry Wee]] |
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*[[David Marshall (Singaporean politician)|David Marshall]], former Chief Minister of Singapore |
*[[David Marshall (Singaporean politician)|David Marshall]], former Chief Minister of Singapore |
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*[[Edmund W. Barker]], former [[Ministry of Law (Singapore)| |
*[[Edmund W. Barker]], former [[Ministry of Law (Singapore)|Minister of Law]] |
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*[[Tan Boon Teik]], former [[Attorney-General of Singapore]] |
*[[Tan Boon Teik]], former [[Attorney-General of Singapore]] |
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*[[Punch Coomaraswamy]], later a judge on the [[Supreme Court of Singapore]] |
*[[Punch Coomaraswamy]], later a judge on the [[Supreme Court of Singapore]] |
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*[[Bernard Brown (academic)|Bernard Brown]], future professor at the [[University of Auckland]] |
*[[Bernard Brown (academic)|Bernard Brown]], future professor at the [[University of Auckland]] |
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}} |
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Following the creation of an academic staff, Sheridan's first graduating class was in 1961. Despite his English background, Sheridan believed it was necessary to design the course so it was relevant the local culture, and in 1960 stated that "success has been achieved in introducing a syllabus adapted to Malayan needs". He ensured that only English legal history which was relevant to Malayan law would be covered in classes, and focused on local customary law within his own work.<ref name=PhangLeong1999/>{{rp|350–2}} |
Following the creation of an academic staff, Sheridan's first graduating class was in 1961. Despite his English background, Sheridan believed it was necessary to design the course so it was relevantto the local culture, and in 1960 stated that "success has been achieved in introducing a syllabus adapted to Malayan needs". He ensured that only English legal history which was relevant to Malayan law would be covered in classes, and focused on local customary law within his own work.<ref name=PhangLeong1999/>{{rp|350–2}} |
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Sheridan's views on education differed from those that were mainstream at the time: he began teaching the [[Socratic method]] to his students,<ref name=Li-annTan2017>{{cite journal |last1=Li-ann |first1=Thio |last2=YL Tan |first2=Kevin |title= |
Sheridan's views on education differed from those that were mainstream at the time: he began teaching the [[Socratic method]] to his students,<ref name=Li-annTan2017>{{cite journal |last1=Li-ann |first1=Thio |last2=YL Tan |first2=Kevin |title=Teaching Constitutional and Administrative Law at Nus: Mission, Materials and Methods 1957-2017 |journal=Singapore Journal of Legal Studies |date=2017 |pages=239–257 |jstor=44986454 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/44986454 |access-date=6 November 2020 |issn=0218-2173}}</ref>{{rp|241}} and argued that "examinations should test ability to argue from available legal materials and not the ability to remember what materials are available".<ref name=PhangLeong1999/>{{rp|354}} Alongside this was Sheridan's insistence that students learn the philosophical premises of the law, with a mandatory reading of legal theory and philosophy.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Tan |first1=Kevin |title=The Singapore Legal System |date=1999 |publisher=NUS Press |isbn=978-9971-69-213-1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RqTwXSKrBQMC |access-date=6 November 2020 |language=en}}</ref>{{rp|328}} |
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===The law library=== |
===The law library=== |
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===''University of Malaya Law Review''=== |
===''University of Malaya Law Review''=== |
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As a way of spreading legal information throughout Singapore, he created the ''University of Malaya Law Review'' journal (later the ''Malaya Law Review'' and now the ''[[Singapore Journal of Legal Studies]]'') in 1960. He had hoped the journal would become "important all over the world", and called its creation his "proudest achievement".<ref name=PhangLeong1999/>{{rp|358–9}} Sheridan had retired as editor of the journal by its third volume, and was succeeded by [[Geoffrey Wilson |
As a way of spreading legal information throughout Singapore, he created the ''University of Malaya Law Review'' journal (later the ''Malaya Law Review'' and now the ''[[Singapore Journal of Legal Studies]]'') in 1960. He had hoped the journal would become "important all over the world", and called its creation his "proudest achievement".<ref name=PhangLeong1999/>{{rp|358–9}} Sheridan had retired as editor of the journal by its third volume, and was succeeded by [[Geoffrey Wilson Bartholomew]].<ref name=Tan2009>{{cite journal |last1=Tan |first1=Kevin Y.L. |title=The Journey of a Journal: 50 Years of the "Singapore Journal of Legal Studies" |journal=Singapore Journal of Legal Studies |date=2009 |pages=1–24 |jstor=24870279 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/24870279 |access-date=6 November 2020 |issn=0218-2173}}</ref>{{rp|9}} |
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==Later career== |
==Later career== |
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He was instrumental in the creation of the Law Faculty at [[University College Cardiff]].<ref name=PhangLeong1999>{{cite journal |last1= Phang Boon Leong |first1=Andrew |
He was instrumental in the creation of the Law Faculty at [[University College Cardiff]].<ref name=PhangLeong1999>{{cite journal |last1= Phang Boon Leong |first1=Andrew |
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|title= |
|title=Founding Father and Legal Scholar – the Life and Work of Professor la Sheridan |journal=Singapore Journal of Legal Studies |date=1999 |pages=333–408 |jstor=24868119 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/24868119 |access-date=6 November 2020 |issn=0218-2173}}</ref>{{rp|337}} In March 1987, he became acting principal of the college, following [[C. W. L. Bevan]]'s pre-retirement [[sabbatical]] leave. During this period, the college was facing high levels of debt and Sheridan was left to attempt to solve the issue by asking staff for short-term loans.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Heath |first1=Tony |title=Lecturers lend cash to help bail out hard-pressed college |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/67094255/lecturers-lend-cash-to-help-bail-out/ |access-date=7 January 2021 |work=The Guardian |date=22 April 1987 |pages=4}}</ref> |
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==Personal life== |
==Personal life== |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Sheridan, Lionel Astor}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Sheridan, Lionel Astor}} |
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[[Category:1927 births]] |
[[Category:1927 births]] |
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[[Category:Living people]] |
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[[Category:People educated at Whitgift School]] |
[[Category:People educated at Whitgift School]] |
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[[Category:Alumni of the University of London]] |
[[Category:Alumni of the University of London]] |
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[[Category:Academics of the University of Nottingham]] |
[[Category:Academics of the University of Nottingham]] |
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[[Category:Alumni of Queen's University Belfast]] |
[[Category:Alumni of Queen's University Belfast]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Academic staff of the National University of Singapore Faculty of Law]] |
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[[Category:People associated with Cardiff University]] |
[[Category:People associated with Cardiff University]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Writers from British Malaya]] |
Lionel Astor "Lee" Sheridan (born 21 July 1927) is a former educator and academic who served as the first Dean of the Faculty of Law at the University of Malaya, and its successor universities, in Singapore. He has been considered the "Father of Legal Education in Malaya".[1]: 364
Lionel Astor Sheridan was born on 21 July 1927 in Croydon, Surrey, to Stanley Frederick Sheridan and Anne Quednan.[2]: 1 He was educated at Whitgift School, and had at seventeen planned to enter Pembroke College, Cambridge, and study English and French literature. However, he changed his mind and began studying for a Bachelor of Laws degree at the University of London instead, graduating in 1947. In the next year, he was called to the bar.[1]: 338–9
After being called to the bar, he planned to study for a PhD at the University of London, and began teaching part-time as an Assistant Lecturer at the University of Nottingham to cover tuition costs. In 1949, he was given a lectureship at Queen's University Belfast and subsequently transferred his doctoral candidacy there. At Queen's, his doctoral supervisor was J. L. Montrose.[1]: 338–9
Sheridan's doctoral thesis, 'Fraud in Equity', was published and received some amount of critical acclaim.[1]: 339
In July 1956, Sheridan and his family arrived in Singapore, and he immediately set about his task of creating a Faculty of Law at the University of Malaya,[1]: 340 as recommended by Roland Braddell and R. G. D. Allen in a report commissioned by the university.[3]: 241 Sheridan's first lecture was on 19 October 1956.[1]: 370
As Dean of the new faculty, Sheridan set about hiring a wide range of academic staff, and the early faculty included:[1]: 342–4
Following the creation of an academic staff, Sheridan's first graduating class was in 1961. Despite his English background, Sheridan believed it was necessary to design the course so it was relevant to the local culture, and in 1960 stated that "success has been achieved in introducing a syllabus adapted to Malayan needs". He ensured that only English legal history which was relevant to Malayan law would be covered in classes, and focused on local customary law within his own work.[1]: 350–2
Sheridan's views on education differed from those that were mainstream at the time: he began teaching the Socratic method to his students,[3]: 241 and argued that "examinations should test ability to argue from available legal materials and not the ability to remember what materials are available".[1]: 354 Alongside this was Sheridan's insistence that students learn the philosophical premises of the law, with a mandatory reading of legal theory and philosophy.[4]: 328
As early as 1957, Sheridan had set about creating a law library for the newly formed faculty to use. A report published by Sheridan in that year stated "we have almost a complete library of Malayan law though lacking some of the more ancient reports". He began subscribing to a range of periodicals from around the world, and made use of local lawyers and experts to source materials for the library.[1]: 355–6
As a way of spreading legal information throughout Singapore, he created the University of Malaya Law Review journal (later the Malaya Law Review and now the Singapore Journal of Legal Studies) in 1960. He had hoped the journal would become "important all over the world", and called its creation his "proudest achievement".[1]: 358–9 Sheridan had retired as editor of the journal by its third volume, and was succeeded by Geoffrey Wilson Bartholomew.[5]: 9
In May 1963, Sheridan left Singapore and returned to Belfast and became Professor of Comparative Laws at Queen's.[5]: 11 In June 1963, the newly formed University of Singapore conferred on him an honorary Doctor of Laws degree.[1]: 363–5
He was instrumental in the creation of the Law Faculty at University College Cardiff.[1]: 337 In March 1987, he became acting principal of the college, following C. W. L. Bevan's pre-retirement sabbatical leave. During this period, the college was facing high levels of debt and Sheridan was left to attempt to solve the issue by asking staff for short-term loans.[6]
On 1 June 1948, Sheridan married Margaret Helen Béghin: in 1984 they had a daughter (Linda Anne) and a son (Peter Louis).[2]: 1 Margaret assisted him in entertaining staff and students, and also edited parts of his work.[1]: 339
Andrew Phang refers to over 170 works published by Sheridan,[1]: 397–408 of which the following are a selection:
Title | Time of first publication | First edition publisher/publication | Unique identifier | Notes |
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Elementary Law - An Introduction for the Malayan Citizen | 1957 | OCLC 9203351 | Co-written with Tan Boon Teik | |
The Cy-Près Doctrine | 1959 | Sweet & Maxwell | OCLC 10722807 | Co-written with V. T. H. Delany |
Malaya and Singapore, The Borneo Territories, The Development of their Laws and Constitutions | 1961 | Stevens & Sons | OCLC 971389006 | |
The Modern Law of Charities | 1992 | Barry Rose | OCLC 27144375 | Co-edited with George W. Keeton |
Title | Time of publication | Publication | Unique identifier | Notes |
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"Federation of Malaya Constitution" | 1959 | University of Malaya Law Review | JSTOR 24874705 | |
"The Repatriation of the Common Law" | 1965 | Current Legal Problems |
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