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P a g e s f o r l o g g e d o u t e d i t o r s l e a r n m o r e ● C o n t r i b u t i o n s ● T a l k
( T o p )
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8 5 l a n g u a g e s
● Æ n g l i s c ● ا ل ع ر ب ي ة ● A s t u r i a n u ● ت ۆ ر ک ج ه ● B a s a B a l i ● 閩 南 語 / B â n - l â m - g ú ● Б е л а р у с к а я ● Б е л а р у с к а я ( т а р а ш к е в і ц а ) ● Б ъ л г а р с к и ● B o a r i s c h ● B o s a n s k i ● C a t a l à ● C e b u a n o ● Č e š t i n a ● D a n s k ● D e u t s c h ● E e s t i ● Ε λ λ η ν ι κ ά ● Э р з я н ь ● E s p a ñ o l ● E s p e r a n t o ● E u s k a r a ● ف ا ر س ی ● F r a n ç a i s ● G a e l g ● G a l e g o ● 客 家 語 / H a k - k â - n g î ● 한 국 어 ● H o r n j o s e r b s c e ● H r v a t s k i ● I d o ● B a h a s a I n d o n e s i a ● И р о н ● Í s l e n s k a ● I t a l i a n o ● ע ב ר י ת ● J a w a ● ქ ა რ თ უ ლ ი ● K a s z ë b s c z i ● L a t v i e š u ● L i e t u v i ų ● L o m b a r d ● M a g y a r ● М а к е д о н с к и ● म र ा ठ ी ● მ ა რ გ ა ლ უ რ ი ● B a h a s a M e l a y u ● N e d e r l a n d s ● 日 本 語 ● Н о х ч и й н ● N o r d f r i i s k ● N o r s k b o k m å l ● N o r s k n y n o r s k ● O c c i t a n ● پ ن ج ا ب ی ● P a p i a m e n t u ● پ ښ ت و ● P l a t t d ü ü t s c h ● P o l s k i ● P o r t u g u ê s ● Q ı r ı m t a t a r c a ● R o m â n ă ● R u n a S i m i ● Р у с и н ь с к ы й ● Р у с с к и й ● S i m p l e E n g l i s h ● S l o v e n č i n a ● Ś l ů n s k i ● С р п с к и / s r p s k i ● S r p s k o h r v a t s k i / с р п с к о х р в а т с к и ● S u o m i ● S v e n s k a ● T e t u n ● ไ ท ย ● T ü r k ç e ● У к р а ї н с ь к а ● ا ر د و ● V è n e t o ● T i ế n g V i ệ t ● W i n a r a y ● 吴 语 ● 粵 語 ● Z a z a k i ● Z e ê u w s ● 中 文
E d i t l i n k s
● A r t i c l e ● T a l k
E n g l i s h
● R e a d ● E d i t ● V i e w h i s t o r y
T o o l s
T o o l s
A c t i o n s
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G e n e r a l
● W h a t l i n k s h e r e ● R e l a t e d c h a n g e s ● U p l o a d f i l e ● S p e c i a l p a g e s ● P e r m a n e n t l i n k ● P a g e i n f o r m a t i o n ● C i t e t h i s p a g e ● G e t s h o r t e n e d U R L ● D o w n l o a d Q R c o d e ● W i k i d a t a i t e m
P r i n t / e x p o r t
● D o w n l o a d a s P D F ● P r i n t a b l e v e r s i o n
P r i n t / e x p o r t
I n o t h e r p r o j e c t s
● W i k i m e d i a C o m m o n s ● W i k i v o y a g e
A p p e a r a n c e
C o o r d i n a t e s : 5 1 ° 0 7 ′ N 1 7 ° 0 2 ′ E / 5 1 . 1 1 7 ° N 1 7 . 0 3 3 ° E / 51.117; 17.033
F r o m W i k i p e d i a , t h e f r e e e n c y c l o p e d i a
T h i s i s a n o l d r e v i s i o n o f t h i s p a g e , a s e d i t e d b y R e f f y r ( t a l k | c o n t r i b s ) at 0 1 : 2 8 , 8 J a n u a r y 2 0 2 4 . T h e p r e s e n t a d d r e s s ( U R L ) i s a p e r m a n e n t l i n k t o t h i s r e v i s i o n , w h i c h m a y d i f f e r s i g n i f i c a n t l y f r o m t h e c u r r e n t r e v i s i o n . ( d i f f ) ← P r e v i o u s r e v i s i o n | L a t e s t r e v i s i o n ( d i f f ) | N e w e r r e v i s i o n → ( d i f f )
Voivodeship in Poland
Lower Silesian Voivodeship , or Lower Silesia Province[4] (Polish : Województwo dolnośląskie , [vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ dɔlnɔˈɕlɔw̃skjɛ] ⓘ voivodeships (provinces) into which Poland is divided. The voivodeship was created on 1 January 1999 out of the former Wrocław , Legnica , Wałbrzych and Jelenia Góra Voivodeships, following the Polish local government reforms adopted in 1998. It covers an area of 19,946 square kilometres (7,701 sq mi ), and as of 2019[update] [citation needed
It is one of the wealthiest provinces in Poland as natural resources such as copper , brown coal and rock materials are widely present.[5]
Its capital and largest city is Wrocław , situated on the Oder River . The voivodeship is host to many castles and palaces . For this reason tourism is a large part of this region's economy.
History
In the past 1,200 years, the region has been part of Great Moravia , the Medieval Kingdom of Poland , the Crown of Bohemia , Habsburg monarchy (Austria), Prussia , the German Empire , and modern Poland after 1945.
Silesian tribes settled the lands at the end of the first millennium after the Migration Period . During the period of Germania Slavica , the region became part of Great Moravia under Svatopluk I of Moravia. Mieszko I brought the various existing Silesian duchies under the rule of the Piast dynasty and they became the Duchy of Silesia . It was again divided into small realms reigned by Silesian branches of Piast princes after the testament of Bolesław III Wrymouth in 1138. With the Ostsiedlung Holy Roman Empire , of which Silesia was a direct part until the 1330s when it was subjugated to the Kingdom of Bohemia , then together with it became part of the Habsburg monarchy (1526), then the Kingdom of Prussia (1742/44), and subsequently the German Empire (1871). In 1945, Lower Silesia was made part of Poland as agreed at the post-war Potsdam Conference . As a consequence, Lower Silesia suffered a nearly total loss of its pre-war population between 1945 and 1950. Polish citizens dispossessed by the Soviets were then settled in the now emptied lands.[6]
Lower Silesia was, during the early medieval era , one of Poland's cultural centers. The Book of Henryków [7] municipal privileges according to German Magdeburg rights by Henry the Bearded . Over the centuries, Lower Silesia has experienced several epochal events such as the Protestant Reformation , the Silesian Wars , industrialisation and the two World Wars .
Geography
Although much of the region is relatively low-lying, Lower Silesia includes the Sudeten Foreland , as well as part of the Sudetes mountain range, that runs along the Polish/Czech border. Ski resorts in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship include Karpacz and Szklarska Poręba in the Karkonosze mountains.
The voivodeship has a number of mineral springs and is host to a large number of spa towns . The highest point in the voivodeship is Mount Śnieżka (1603 m above sea level) while the lowest point is located in the Oder River Valley (69 m above sea level).[8]
Lower Silesian Voivodeship is bordered by Lubusz Voivodeship to the north-west, Greater Poland Voivodeship to the north-east, Opole Voivodeship to the south-east, the Czech Republic (Hradec Králové Region , Liberec Region , Olomouc Region and Pardubice Region ) to the south, and Germany (Saxony ) to the west.
Transport
The Copernicus Airport Wrocław serves as an international and domestic airport.
Wrocław Główny is the largest railway station in Poland, serving an average of 21.2 million passengers annually. It offers the domestic and international connections of various carriers.
The A4 motorway ,[9] A8 motorway , A18 motorway and S3 Expressway , S5 Expressway , S8 Expressway also run through the voivodeship.
Tourism
Wrocław Town Hall Śnieżka - the highest peak of the Lower Silesian Voivodeship
Tourism is important for Lower Silesian Voivodeship. There are 99 castles and hundreds of palaces. A lot are located Jelenia Góra Valley .
Wrocław being the largest city in the voivodeship has many sights and attractions, including the Market Square , the Cathedral Island and Wrocław's dwarfs . The Festival of Good Beer is held every year of June.
The annual international Chopin Festival is held in the Fryderyk Chopin Theatre in the town of Duszniki-Zdrój . Other major attraction of the town is the Museum of Papermaking , established in a 17th-century paper mill .
Śnieżka is the highest peak of the Lower Silesian Voivodeship and the whole of the Sudetes .
Burial sites of Polish monarchs and consorts
Church of St. Clare and Hedwig church,
Wrocław
Protected areas
Mount Ślęża "Hell" on Szczeliniec Wielki (Table Mountains National Park ) Snowy Pits Bear's Cave Project Riese , Owl Mountains
Protected areas in Lower Silesian Voivodeship:
and many areas of Natura 2000 network.
Tourist routes
Economy
Bielany Avenue (pl. Aleja Bielany) - the largest shopping center in Poland
The gross domestic product (GDP) of the province was 41.1 billion euro in 2018, accounting for 8.3% of the Polish economic output. GDP per capita adjusted for purchasing power was €23,400 or 78% of the EU27 average in the same year. The GDP per employee was 85% of the EU average. Lower Silesia Voivodeship is the province with the second highest GDP per capita in Poland.[11]
GDP per capita in Lower Silesian Voivodeship and Poland
Lower Silesian Voivodeship
GDP per capita
Poland
GDP per capita
2000
$10 440 (+2.8%)
2000
$10 140 (+4.0%)
2005
$13 060 (+4.9%)
2005
$12 600 (+3.5%)
2006
$13 700 (+7.3%)
2006
$13 020 (+6.2%)
2007
$14 980 (+9.5%)
2007
$13 760 (+6.5%)
2008
$16 030 (+7.2%)
2008
$14 450 (+5.0%)
2009
$16 350 (+2.0%)
2009
$14 720 (+1.9%)
Cities and towns
Wrocław Jelenia Góra Głogów Kłodzko
The voivodeship contains 8 cities and 83 towns. The cities, governed by a city mayor (Polish : prezydent miasta ), are listed below in descending order of population (as of 2019):[1]
Cities
Wałbrzych city county (111,896)
Legnica city county (99,486)
Jelenia Góra city county (79,200)
Lubin (72,428)
Głogów (66,120)
Świdnica (56.803)
Bolesławiec (38,852)
Towns
Dzierżoniów (33,239)
Oława (33,029)
Zgorzelec (30,374)
Bielawa (29,971)
Kłodzko (26,845)
Jawor (22,890)
Świebodzice (22,793)
Polkowice (22,480)
Nowa Ruda (22,067)
Lubań (21,087)
Kamienna Góra (19,010)
Bogatynia (17,436)
Strzegom (16,106)
Jelcz-Laskowice (15,803)
Złotoryja (15,564)
Boguszów-Gorce (15,368)
Ząbkowice Śląskie (15,004)
Chojnów (13,355)
Trzebnica (13,331)
Brzeg Dolny (12,511)
Strzelin (12,460)
Wołów (12,373)
Góra (11,797)
Milicz (11,304)
Kowary (10,869)
Syców (10,397)
Bystrzyca Kłodzka (10,134)
Kudowa-Zdrój (9,892)
Środa Śląska (9,516)
Oborniki Śląskie (9,099)
Lwówek Śląski (8,869)
Ziębice (8,708)
Siechnice (8,113)
Chocianów (7,892)
Pieszyce (7,123)
Kąty Wrocławskie (6,994)
Sobótka (6,981)
Żarów (6,719)
Twardogóra (6,692)
Gryfów Śląski (6,636)
Szklarska Poręba (6,557)
Żmigród (6,435)
Piława Górna (6,412)
Głuszyca (6,361)
Polanica-Zdrój (6,324)
Piechowice (6,194)
Przemków (6,107)
Lubawka (6,028)
Pieńsk (5,828)
Stronie Śląskie (5,709)
Szczawno-Zdrój (5,608)
Ścinawa (5,582)
Lądek-Zdrój (5,572)
Szczytna (5,141)
Jaworzyna Śląska (5,124)
Bolków (4,990)
Bierutów (4,867)
Jedlina-Zdrój (4,828)
Karpacz (4,593)
Duszniki-Zdrój (4,584)
Leśna (4,439)
Olszyna (4,348)
Nowogrodziec (4,243)
Zawidów (4,180)
Świeradów-Zdrój (4,147)
Mieroszów (4,070)
Mirsk (3,886)
Wojcieszów (3,668)
Prochowice (3,602)
Niemcza (2,965)
Węgliniec (2,846)
Złoty Stok (2,758)
Wąsosz (2,662)
Międzylesie (2,575)
Bardo (2,562)
Radków (2,406)
Międzybórz (2,341)
Świerzawa (2,286)
Prusice (2,243)
Wiązów (2,241)
Lubomierz (1,979)
Wleń (1,759)
Administrative division
Map of the powiats (counties) The Skull Chapel in Kudowa The Church of Peace in Świdnica is a UNESCO World Heritage Site
Lower Silesian Voivodeship is divided into 30 counties (powiaty ), four of which are city counties. These are further divided into 169 gminy .
Cistercian Lubiąż Abbey
Lower Silesia is divided into three additional delegation districts governed by the provincial government, with Wrocław serving as the capital of the administrative region:[12]
800-year old Vang Stave Church in Karpacz Abbey of the Order of Saint Benedict in Krzeszów Sobieski Castle in Oława
The counties are listed in the following table (ordering within categories is by decreasing population).
English and
Area(km 2
Population(2019)
Seat
Other towns
Totalgminas
City counties
Wrocław
293
641,607
1
Wałbrzych
84.70
111,896
1
Legnica
56.29
99,486
1
Jelenia Góra
109.22
79,200
1
Land counties
Kłodzko County 1643.37
158,600
Kłodzko
Nowa Ruda , Bystrzyca Kłodzka , Kudowa-Zdrój , Polanica-Zdrój , Stronie Śląskie , Lądek-Zdrój , Szczytna , Duszniki-Zdrój , Międzylesie , Radków
14
Świdnica County 742.89
157,178
Świdnica
Świebodzice , Strzegom , Żarów , Jaworzyna Śląska
8
Wrocław County 1116.15
148,663
Wrocław *
Sobótka , Kąty Wrocławskie , Siechnice
9
Oleśnica County 1049.74
107,090
Oleśnica
Syców , Twardogóra , Bierutów , Międzybórz
8
Lubin County 711.99
106,211
Lubin
Ścinawa
4
Dzierżoniów County 478.34
101,118
Dzierżoniów
Bielawa , Gola Dzierżoniowska , Niemcza , Pieszyce , Piława Górna
7
Bolesławiec County 1303.26
90,108
Bolesławiec
Nowogrodziec
6
Zgorzelec County 838.11
89,612
Zgorzelec
Bogatynia , Pieńsk , Zawidów , Węgliniec
7
Głogów County 443.06
89,319
Głogów
6
Trzebnica County 1025.55
85,092
Trzebnica
Oborniki Śląskie , Żmigród , Prusice
6
Oława County 523.73
76,723
Oława
Jelcz-Laskowice
4
Ząbkowice Śląskie County 801.75
65,104
Ząbkowice Śląskie
Ziębice , Złoty Stok , Bardo
7
Jelenia Góra County 628.21
63,639
Jelenia Góra *
Kowary , Szklarska Poręba , Piechowice , Karpacz
9
Polkowice County 779.93
62,948
Polkowice
Chocianów , Przemków
6
Wałbrzych County 430.22
55,820
Wałbrzych *
Boguszów-Gorce , Głuszyca , Szczawno-Zdrój , Jedlina-Zdrój , Mieroszów
9
Legnica County 744.60
55,318
Legnica *
Chojnów , Prochowice
8
Środa Śląska County 703.68
54,646
Środa Śląska
5
Lubań County 428.30
54,493
Lubań
Olszyna , Leśna , Świeradów-Zdrój
7
Jawor County 581.25
50,315
Jawor
Bolków
6
Wołów County 675.00
46,914
Wołów
Brzeg Dolny
3
Lwówek Śląski County 709.94
45,975
Lwówek Śląski
Gryfów Śląski , Mirsk , Wleń , Lubomierz
5
Złotoryja County 575.45
43,719
Złotoryja
Wojcieszów , Świerzawa
6
Strzelin County 622.27
43,713
Strzelin
Wiązów
5
Kamienna Góra County 396.13
43,429
Kamienna Góra
Lubawka
4
Milicz County 715.01
37,003
Milicz
3
Góra County 738.11
35,047
Góra
Wąsosz
4
* seat not part of the county
Governors
See also
References
^ "Sub-national HDI - Subnational HDI - Global Data Lab" . globaldatalab.org . Radboud University Nijmegen . Retrieved 13 December 2021 .
^ Arkadiusz Belczyk,Tłumaczenie polskich nazw geograficznych na język angielski Archived 3 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine [Translation of Polish Geographical Names into English], 2002–2006.
^ "Past and Present Regions of Poland – Lower Silesia" . Archived from the original on 20 July 2016. Retrieved 10 March 2017 .
^ "Kresowianie nie mieli wyboru, musieli jechać na zachód, interview with Professor Grzegorz Hryciuk," . wyborcza.pl (in Polish). 20 December 2010. Retrieved 27 December 2023 .
^ Allen Kent , Harold Lancour, Jay E. Daily, Encyclopedia of Library and Information Science , CRC Press, 1978, pg. 3, [1 ]
^ "Położenie" . dolnyslask.poland.com (in Polish). Retrieved 27 December 2023 .
^ "Dolnośląskie (Lower Silesia)" . paih.gov.pl . Retrieved 27 December 2023 .
^ "Dolnośląski Szlak Piwa i Wina" .
^ "Regional GDP per capita ranged from 30% to 263% of the EU average in 2018" . Eurostat .
^ Internet, JSK. "Delegatury Urzędu – Dolnośląski Urząd Wojewódzki" . Archived from the original on 31 May 2013. Retrieved 10 March 2017 .
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R e t r i e v e d f r o m " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lower_Silesian_Voivodeship&oldid=1194253819 " C a t e g o r i e s : ● L o w e r S i l e s i a n V o i v o d e s h i p ● S t a t e s a n d t e r r i t o r i e s e s t a b l i s h e d i n 1 9 9 9 ● 1 9 9 9 e s t a b l i s h m e n t s i n P o l a n d H i d d e n c a t e g o r i e s : ● P a g e s u s i n g g a d g e t W i k i M i n i A t l a s ● P a g e s u s i n g t h e P h o n o s e x t e n s i o n ● W e b a r c h i v e t e m p l a t e w a y b a c k l i n k s ● C S 1 P o l i s h - l a n g u a g e s o u r c e s ( pl ) ● A r t i c l e s w i t h s h o r t d e s c r i p t i o n ● S h o r t d e s c r i p t i o n m a t c h e s W i k i d a t a ● U s e d m y d a t e s f r o m J u n e 2 0 1 9 ● S h o r t d e s c r i p t i o n i s d i f f e r e n t f r o m W i k i d a t a ● C o o r d i n a t e s o n W i k i d a t a ● A r t i c l e s c o n t a i n i n g P o l i s h - l a n g u a g e t e x t ● P a g e s w i t h P o l i s h I P A ● P a g e s i n c l u d i n g r e c o r d e d p r o n u n c i a t i o n s ● A r t i c l e s c o n t a i n i n g p o t e n t i a l l y d a t e d s t a t e m e n t s f r o m 2 0 1 9 ● A l l a r t i c l e s c o n t a i n i n g p o t e n t i a l l y d a t e d s t a t e m e n t s ● A l l a r t i c l e s w i t h u n s o u r c e d s t a t e m e n t s ● A r t i c l e s w i t h u n s o u r c e d s t a t e m e n t s f r o m M a r c h 2 0 2 3 ● A r t i c l e s w i t h V I A F i d e n t i f i e r s ● A r t i c l e s w i t h W o r l d C a t E n t i t i e s i d e n t i f i e r s ● A r t i c l e s w i t h G N D i d e n t i f i e r s ● A r t i c l e s w i t h J 9 U i d e n t i f i e r s ● A r t i c l e s w i t h L C C N i d e n t i f i e r s ● A r t i c l e s w i t h N K C i d e n t i f i e r s ● A r t i c l e s w i t h M u s i c B r a i n z a r e a i d e n t i f i e r s
● T h i s p a g e w a s l a s t e d i t e d o n 8 J a n u a r y 2 0 2 4 , a t 0 1 : 2 8 ( U T C ) . ● T h i s v e r s i o n o f t h e p a g e h a s b e e n r e v i s e d . B e s i d e s n o r m a l e d i t i n g , t h e r e a s o n f o r r e v i s i o n m a y h a v e b e e n t h a t t h i s v e r s i o n c o n t a i n s f a c t u a l i n a c c u r a c i e s , v a n d a l i s m , o r m a t e r i a l n o t c o m p a t i b l e w i t h t h e C r e a t i v e C o m m o n s A t t r i b u t i o n - S h a r e A l i k e L i c e n s e . ● P r i v a c y p o l i c y ● A b o u t W i k i p e d i a ● D i s c l a i m e r s ● C o n t a c t W i k i p e d i a ● C o d e o f C o n d u c t ● D e v e l o p e r s ● S t a t i s t i c s ● C o o k i e s t a t e m e n t ● M o b i l e v i e w
