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== History == |
== History == |
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⚫ | The holiday traces its roots to the [[Cry of Pugad Lawin]] in August 1896, which marked the beginning of the [[Philippine Revolution]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jose |first=Nica |title=National Heroes Day: The Story Behind Why We Honor Our Revolutionaries Today |url=https://www.spot.ph/newsfeatures/culture/106061/national-heroes-day-2023-facts-a5157-20230827 |access-date=2023-08-27 |website=SPOT.PH |language=en}}</ref> The date and the location of the cry has been long disputed. From 1911 to 1962, the cry was thought to have emanated from Balintawak (now in modern-day [[Balingasa]], [[Quezon City]]) on August 26.<ref name=":0" /> On 1963, by recommendation of historian [[Teodoro Agoncillo]], the date was changed to August 23, and the location was changed to Pugad Lawin in [[Caloocan]] (now in modern day Gulod, [[Novaliches]], Quezon City).<ref>{{cite web |title=Come August, Remember Balintawak |url=http://www.filipinojournal.com/v2/index.php?pagetype=read&article_num=08062009225054 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110711001816/http://www.filipinojournal.com/v2/index.php?pagetype=read&article_num=08062009225054 |archive-date=2011-07-11 |access-date=2009-08-29}}</ref> Due to disputed date, and with the consensus that the cry occurred in late August, the holiday was then set in the last week of August.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Tan |first=Nigel |date=2014-08-25 |title=Fast Facts: National Heroes Day |url=https://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/iq/67154-fast-facts-national-heroes-day/ |access-date=2023-08-27 |website=RAPPLER |language=en-US}}</ref> |
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The observance of National Heroes Day was already present during the [[American colonial period (Philippines)|American colonial period]]. Act No. 3827 by the [[Philippine Legislature]] enacted on October 28, 1931, designated every last Sunday of August as National Heroes Day.<ref>{{Cite PH act|chamber=Act|number=3827|title=An Act to declare the last Sunday of August of every year as an official holiday to be known as the National Heroes Day|url=https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1931/10/28/act-no-3827/ |access-date=October 2, 2022|date=October 27, 1931}}</ref> However, [[Bonifacio Day]] established by virtue of Act No. 2946 of 1921 was also dedicated to anonymous Filipino heroes.<ref>{{cite PH act|chamber=Act|number=2946|url=https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/legislative%2Bissuances/Act%20No.%202946|title=AN ACT MAKING THE THIRTIETH OF NOVEMBER OF EACH YEAR A LEGAL HOLIDAY|date=February 15, 1921|accessdate=May 17, 2023}}</ref> In practice, National Heroes Day celebrations were observed on the same day as Bonifacio Day. This continued during the [[Japanese occupation of the Philippines|Japanese occupation]] during World War II and some years after the United States [[Republic Day (Philippines)|granted the Philippines independence in 1946]].<ref name="offgaz">{{Cite web |title=National Heroes Day |url=https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/featured/national-heroes-day/ |access-date=October 2, 2022 |website=Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines}}</ref> |
The observance of National Heroes Day was already present during the [[American colonial period (Philippines)|American colonial period]]. Act No. 3827 by the [[Philippine Legislature]] enacted on October 28, 1931, designated every last Sunday of August as National Heroes Day.<ref>{{Cite PH act|chamber=Act|number=3827|title=An Act to declare the last Sunday of August of every year as an official holiday to be known as the National Heroes Day|url=https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1931/10/28/act-no-3827/ |access-date=October 2, 2022|date=October 27, 1931}}</ref> However, [[Bonifacio Day]] established by virtue of Act No. 2946 of 1921 was also dedicated to anonymous Filipino heroes.<ref>{{cite PH act|chamber=Act|number=2946|url=https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/legislative%2Bissuances/Act%20No.%202946|title=AN ACT MAKING THE THIRTIETH OF NOVEMBER OF EACH YEAR A LEGAL HOLIDAY|date=February 15, 1921|accessdate=May 17, 2023}}</ref> In practice, National Heroes Day celebrations were observed on the same day as Bonifacio Day. This continued during the [[Japanese occupation of the Philippines|Japanese occupation]] during World War II and some years after the United States [[Republic Day (Philippines)|granted the Philippines independence in 1946]].<ref name="offgaz">{{Cite web |title=National Heroes Day |url=https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/featured/national-heroes-day/ |access-date=October 2, 2022 |website=Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines}}</ref> |
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== Commemoration == |
== Commemoration == |
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⚫ |
The holiday traces its roots to the [[Cry of Pugad Lawin]] in August 1896, which marked the beginning of the [[Philippine Revolution]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jose |first=Nica |title=National Heroes Day: The Story Behind Why We Honor Our Revolutionaries Today |url=https://www.spot.ph/newsfeatures/culture/106061/national-heroes-day-2023-facts-a5157-20230827 |access-date=2023-08-27 |website=SPOT.PH |language=en}}</ref> The date and the location of the cry has been long disputed. From 1911 to 1962, the cry was thought to have emanated from Balintawak (now in modern-day [[Balingasa]], [[Quezon City]]) on August 26. On 1963, by recommendation of historian [[ |
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The law itself does not explicitly name any specific individual to be commemorated during National Heroes Day.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Dela Peña |first=Kurt |date=August 29, 2022 |title=National Heroes Day: Remembering the lesser-known people who fought for freedom |language=en |work=Philippine Daily Inquirer |url=https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1654941/national-heroes-day-remembering-the-lesser-known-people-who-fought-for-freedom |access-date=October 2, 2022}}</ref> Commemorations often include key figures in Philippine history who are regarded as [[National hero of the Philippines|national heroes]] though it could also include "lesser-known" and "ordinary" Filipinos.<ref>{{Cite news |date=August 27, 2017 |title=Who are considered national heroes? |work=ABS-CBN News |url=https://news.abs-cbn.com/focus/08/27/17/who-are-considered-national-heroes |access-date=October 2, 2022}}</ref> Examples include [[Overseas Filipino Worker]]s<ref>{{Cite news |last=Rocamora |first=Joyce Ann |date=August 27, 2018 |title=OFWs: Modern-day heroes still |agency=Philippine News Agency |url=https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1046084 |access-date=October 2, 2022}}</ref> and frontline workers during the [[COVID-19 pandemic]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Parrocha |first=Azer |date=August 31, 2020 |title=Front-liners feted as 'modern day heroes' |agency=Philippine News Agency |url=https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1113897 |access-date=October 2, 2022}}</ref> |
The law itself does not explicitly name any specific individual to be commemorated during National Heroes Day.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Dela Peña |first=Kurt |date=August 29, 2022 |title=National Heroes Day: Remembering the lesser-known people who fought for freedom |language=en |work=Philippine Daily Inquirer |url=https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1654941/national-heroes-day-remembering-the-lesser-known-people-who-fought-for-freedom |access-date=October 2, 2022}}</ref> Commemorations often include key figures in Philippine history who are regarded as [[National hero of the Philippines|national heroes]] though it could also include "lesser-known" and "ordinary" Filipinos.<ref>{{Cite news |date=August 27, 2017 |title=Who are considered national heroes? |work=ABS-CBN News |url=https://news.abs-cbn.com/focus/08/27/17/who-are-considered-national-heroes |access-date=October 2, 2022}}</ref> Examples include [[Overseas Filipino Worker]]s<ref>{{Cite news |last=Rocamora |first=Joyce Ann |date=August 27, 2018 |title=OFWs: Modern-day heroes still |agency=Philippine News Agency |url=https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1046084 |access-date=October 2, 2022}}</ref> and frontline workers during the [[COVID-19 pandemic]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Parrocha |first=Azer |date=August 31, 2020 |title=Front-liners feted as 'modern day heroes' |agency=Philippine News Agency |url=https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1113897 |access-date=October 2, 2022}}</ref> |
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[[Category:Public holidays in the Philippines]] |
[[Category:Public holidays in the Philippines]] |
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[[Category:August observances]] |
[[Category:August observances]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Hero (title)|Philippines]] |
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[[Category:Orders, decorations, and medals of the Philippines]] |
National Heroes Day | |
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Tomb of the Unknown Soldier at the Libingan ng mga Bayani where officials customarily lay wreaths during National Heroes Day
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Official name | National Heroes Day |
Observed by | Philippines |
Type | Secular, heritage, governmental |
Significance | Commemorates heroes of the country |
Date | Last Monday in August |
2023 date | August 28 (2023-08-28) |
2024 date | August 26 (2024-08-26) |
2025 date | August 25 (2025-08-25) |
2026 date | August 31 (2026-08-31) |
Frequency | annual |
National Heroes Day (Filipino: Pambansang Araw ng mga Bayani[1]) is a holiday in the Philippines dedicated to Filipino Heroes. It is a public holiday in the Philippines.
The holiday traces its roots to the Cry of Pugad Lawin in August 1896, which marked the beginning of the Philippine Revolution.[2] The date and the location of the cry has been long disputed. From 1911 to 1962, the cry was thought to have emanated from Balintawak (now in modern-day Balingasa, Quezon City) on August 26.[3] On 1963, by recommendation of historian Teodoro Agoncillo, the date was changed to August 23, and the location was changed to Pugad Lawin in Caloocan (now in modern day Gulod, Novaliches, Quezon City).[4] Due to disputed date, and with the consensus that the cry occurred in late August, the holiday was then set in the last week of August.[3]
The observance of National Heroes Day was already present during the American colonial period. Act No. 3827 by the Philippine Legislature enacted on October 28, 1931, designated every last Sunday of August as National Heroes Day.[5] However, Bonifacio Day established by virtue of Act No. 2946 of 1921 was also dedicated to anonymous Filipino heroes.[6] In practice, National Heroes Day celebrations were observed on the same day as Bonifacio Day. This continued during the Japanese occupation during World War II and some years after the United States granted the Philippines independence in 1946.[7]
President Elpidio Quirino issued Administrative Order No. 190 in 1952 which reverted National Heroes Day back to the last Sunday of August.[8] Administrative Code of 1987 of President Corazon Aquino designated the day as a regular holiday.[9] The date of the holiday was revised again in 2007, this time to the last Monday of August, via Republic Act No. 9492 which was signed into law by President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo.[7][10]
The law itself does not explicitly name any specific individual to be commemorated during National Heroes Day.[11] Commemorations often include key figures in Philippine history who are regarded as national heroes though it could also include "lesser-known" and "ordinary" Filipinos.[12] Examples include Overseas Filipino Workers[13] and frontline workers during the COVID-19 pandemic.[14]
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