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{{Infobox military conflict |
{{Infobox military conflict |
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| conflict = Operation Baja California |
| conflict = Operation Baja California |
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| image = |
| image = |
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| caption = [[Mexican Army]] discovered a Drug Smuggling Tunnel |
| caption = [[Mexican Army]] discovered a Drug Smuggling Tunnel |
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| date = |
| date = 2 January 2007 – present |
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| place = [[Baja California]], [[Baja California Sur]], [[Mexico]] |
| place = [[Baja California]], [[Baja California Sur]], [[Mexico]] |
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| territory = |
| territory = |
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| result = |
| result = Ongoing |
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| status = |
| status = |
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| combatant1 = {{flagicon|Mexico}} [[Mexico]] |
| combatant1 = {{flagicon|Mexico}} [[Mexico]] |
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*[[Mexican Army]] |
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*[[Naval Infantry Force|Mexican Marines]] |
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*{{flag|Baja California}} |
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| ⚫ | |||
*{{flag|Baja California Sur}} |
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| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| commander1 = [[Image:Flag of Mexico.svg|22px]] [[Felipe Calderón]]<br/> [[Image:Flag of Mexico.svg|22px]] [[Guillermo Galván Galván]]<br/> [[Image:Flag of Mexico.svg|22px]] [[Alfonso Duarte Mujica]]<br/> [[Image:Flag of Mexico.svg|22px]] [[Gilberto Landeros Briseño]] |
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| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ |
| commander2 = [[Luis Fernando Sánchez Arellano]] |
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| |
| commander1 = {{ubl| |
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| {{flagicon|Mexico}} [[Andrés Manuel López Obrador]]<br />(2018–present) |
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| ⚫ |
| strength1 = 3,000<ref name="eluniversal.com.mx">{{cite web|url=http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/notas/652251.html|title=El Universal - |
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| {{flagicon|Mexico}} [[Luis Cresencio Sandoval]]<br />(2018–present) |
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| {{flagicon|Mexico}} [[José Rafael Ojeda Durán]]<br />(2018–present) |
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---- |
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| {{flagicon|Baja California}} [[Marina del Pilar Ávila Olmeda]]<br />(2021–present) |
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| {{flagicon|Baja California Sur}} [[Víctor Manuel Castro Cosío]]<br />(2021–present) |
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}} |
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{{clist |title = Former commanders |
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| {{flagicon|Mexico}} [[Felipe Calderón]] |
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| {{flagicon|Mexico}} [[Enrique Peña Nieto]] |
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| {{flagicon|Mexico}} [[Guillermo Galván Galván]] |
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| {{flagicon|Mexico}} [[Salvador Cienfuegos]] |
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| {{flagicon|Mexico}} [[Mariano Francisco Saynez Mendoza]] |
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| {{flagicon|Mexico}} [[Vidal Francisco Soberón Sanz]] |
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---- |
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| {{flagicon|Baja California}} [[Eugenio Elorduy Walther]] |
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| {{flagicon|Baja California}} [[José Guadalupe Osuna Millán]] |
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| {{flagicon|Baja California}} [[Francisco Vega de Lamadrid]] |
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| {{flagicon|Baja California}} [[Jaime Bonilla Valdez]] |
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| {{flagicon|Baja California Sur}} [[Narciso Agúndez Montaño]] |
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| {{flagicon|Baja California Sur}} [[Marcos Covarrubias Villaseñor]] |
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| {{flagicon|Baja California Sur}} [[Carlos Mendoza Davis]] |
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}} |
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| ⚫ | | commander2 = [[Luis Fernando Sánchez Arellano]]'''{{POW}}''' |
||
| commander3 = Unknown |
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| ⚫ | | strength1 = 3,000<ref name="eluniversal.com.mx">{{cite web|url=http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/notas/652251.html|title=El Universal - - Casi mil efectivos refuerzan seguridad en Tijuana|date=23 June 2013|access-date=11 December 2014}}</ref> |
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| strength2 = 1,000+ |
| strength2 = 1,000+ |
||
| strength3 = |
| strength3 = Unknown |
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| casualties1 = |
| casualties1 = Unknown |
||
| casualties2 = |
| casualties2 = Unknown |
||
| casualties3 = |
| casualties3 = Unknown |
||
| notes = |
| notes = |
||
| campaignbox = {{Campaignbox Mexican Drug War}} |
| campaignbox = {{Campaignbox Mexican Drug War}} |
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==Joint forces== |
==Joint forces== |
||
The operation was launched on January 2, 2007, with the deployment of 3,296 officers of the Secretaries of [[ |
The operation was launched on January 2, 2007, with the deployment of 3,296 officers of the Secretaries of [[Secretariatof National Defense (Mexico)|Defense]], [[Mexican Navy|Navy]], [[Public Security Secretariat|Public Security]] and the department of the [[Attorney General of Mexico]].<ref name="beginning">[http://www.el-universal.com.mx/notas/397765.html El Universal] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927040234/http://www.el-universal.com.mx/notas/397765.html |date=2007-09-27 }}, ''Pone Gobierno federal en marcha Operativo Tijuana'', January 2, 2007.</ref> The Secretariat of Defense sent 2,620 soldiers, 21 airplanes, 9 helicopters, 28 ships, 247 tactical vehicles and ten [[drug-sniffing dog]]s. The Navy sent a sea patrol, three interceptor patrols, one helicopter, two support vehicles and 162 marines.<ref name="beginning"/> The Department of Public Security took the tasks of patrolling, intelligence and investigation as well as taking part in executing orders of arrests, searches and seizures. The Attorney General's Office (PGR) took the tasks of elaborating a map of priorities and provide the tools for information exchange in real-time to facilitate detentions. The PGR will also be present in the 48 local prosecution offices to seize property and take down drug-processing labs.<ref name="beginning"/> In May 2007, the operations were extended to lesser crimes.<ref name="lesser-crimes">[http://www.frontera.info/edicionenlinea/notas/Noticias/03052007/235281.aspx Frontera], ''Reorientarán Operativo Tijuana'', May 3, 2007.</ref> The Federal Police, formed by the [[Federal Agency of Investigation]], were to provide 510 officers to participate in tactical analysis, crime investigation, regional security and special operations.<ref name="presidency">[http://www.presidencia.gob.mx/prensa/?contenido=28522 Office of the President], January 2, 2007.</ref> |
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==2007== |
==2007== |
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On April 18, 2007, a band of criminals entered the General Hospital of Tijuana, took hostages and tried to free a mafia boss that was being treated in the hospital. The liberation was unsuccessful, the criminals exchanged fire with the local police and Army units and were later intercepted but not apprehended by the state and federal police.<ref name="Zeta-hospital">[http://www.zetatijuana.com/html/EdcionesAnteriores/Edicion1725/Principal.html Zeta], ''Los dejaron ir'', #1725, Abril 2007.</ref> Three people were reported dead after the shooting and five people apprehended later.<ref name="Universal-hospital">[http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/notas/419509.html El Universal], ''Mueren dos personas en tiroteo en hospital de Tijuana'', April 18, 2007.</ref> |
On April 18, 2007, a band of criminals entered the General Hospital of Tijuana, took hostages and tried to free a mafia boss that was being treated in the hospital. The liberation was unsuccessful, the criminals exchanged fire with the local police and Army units and were later intercepted but not apprehended by the state and federal police.<ref name="Zeta-hospital">[http://www.zetatijuana.com/html/EdcionesAnteriores/Edicion1725/Principal.html Zeta], ''Los dejaron ir'', #1725, Abril 2007.</ref> Three people were reported dead after the shooting and five people apprehended later.<ref name="Universal-hospital">[http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/notas/419509.html El Universal], ''Mueren dos personas en tiroteo en hospital de Tijuana'', April 18, 2007.</ref> |
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=== |
===Other encounters=== |
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| ⚫ | On August 27, police officers found three headless bodies in a rubbish dump in Tijuana, killed by drug cartels.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/7583899.stm|title=BBC NEWS - Americas - Headless bodies found in Mexico|date=27 August 2008|access-date=11 December 2014}}</ref> |
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| ⚫ |
On August 27, police officers found three headless bodies in a rubbish dump in Tijuana, killed by drug cartels.<ref>{{cite |
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===Disarmament of local police=== |
===Disarmament of local police=== |
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On December 29, the entire police force in the town of [[Playas de Rosarito, Baja California]], are disarmed from their weapons after suspicion of collaborating with drug cartels.<ref>{{cite |
On December 29, the entire police force in the town of [[Playas de Rosarito, Baja California]], are disarmed from their weapons after suspicion of collaborating with drug cartels.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/7163818.stm|title=BBC NEWS - Americas - Police disarmed in Mexican town|date=29 December 2007|access-date=11 December 2014}}</ref> |
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===2007 Results=== |
===2007 Results=== |
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The federal forces took away the weapons of the local police officers giving an official explanation of doing a [[fingerprint]]-check on them. During this time crime increased 40% to 50%<ref name="Frontera-increase">[http://www.frontera.info/EdicionEnLinea/Notas/Noticias/07052007/236102.aspx Frontera], ''Aumentan con operativo 40% los delitos menores'', May 7, 2007.</ref> since police officers were left unarmed. Kidnappings decreased from six to two compared to 2006. Federal police officers have also been caught receiving bribes.<ref name="bribes">[http://www.univision.com/content/content.jhtml?cid=1078057 Univision.com], January 29, 2007.</ref> Deaths by firearm dropped from only |
The federal forces took away the weapons of the local police officers giving an official explanation of doing a [[fingerprint]]-check on them. During this time crime increased 40% to 50%<ref name="Frontera-increase">[http://www.frontera.info/EdicionEnLinea/Notas/Noticias/07052007/236102.aspx Frontera], ''Aumentan con operativo 40% los delitos menores'', May 7, 2007.</ref> since police officers were left unarmed. Kidnappings decreased from six to two compared to 2006. Federal police officers have also been caught receiving bribes.<ref name="bribes">[http://www.univision.com/content/content.jhtml?cid=1078057 Univision.com] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081006021732/http://www.univision.com/content/content.jhtml?cid=1078057 |date=2008-10-06 }}, January 29, 2007.</ref> Deaths by firearm dropped from only 27 in January 2006 to 23 in January 2007.<ref name="Zeta-deaths-firearm">[http://www.zetatijuana.com/html/EdcionesAnteriores/Edicion1714/Reportajez_OperativoTijuana.html Zeta], "Empty-handed", #1714, February 2007.</ref> Local police departments also reported increases of 400% of crime between minors.<ref name="Zeta-operation">[http://www.zetatijuana.com/html/EdcionesAnteriores/Edicion1724/Reportajez_BCbajoRiesgo.html Zeta], ''BC bajo riesgo'', #1724, April 2007</ref> |
||
In May 2007, after the disappointment of the population, President [[Felipe Calderón]] asked the public to be patient and declared that it may not be in his administration when the results of these operations will be seen.<ref name="Frontera-">[http://www.frontera.info/EdicionEnLinea/Notas/Noticias/04052007/235507.aspx Frontera], ''Pide Calderón tiempo a los tijuanenses'', ''May 4, 2007.</ref> |
In May 2007, after the disappointment of the population, President [[Felipe Calderón]] asked the public to be patient and declared that it may not be in his administration when the results of these operations will be seen.<ref name="Frontera-">[http://www.frontera.info/EdicionEnLinea/Notas/Noticias/04052007/235507.aspx Frontera], ''Pide Calderón tiempo a los tijuanenses'', ''May 4, 2007.</ref> |
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==2008== |
==2008== |
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On 28 January, army personnel from the [[Mexican Army|Army's]] 5th special forces battalion and 2nd Motorized Cavalry Regiment succeeded in the arrest of Alfredo Araujo Avila |
On 28 January, army personnel from the [[Mexican Army|Army's]] 5th special forces battalion and 2nd Motorized Cavalry Regiment succeeded in the arrest of Alfredo Araujo Avila a.k.a. ''El Popeye'' in [[Tijuana]]. Alfredo Avila is known to be one of the most active assassins from the 1980s to the early 1990s of the [[Tijuana Cartel]] in the states of [[Sinaloa]] and [[Baja California]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sedena.gob.mx/index.php?id_art=1170|title=Secretaría de la Defensa Nacional - Inicio|access-date=11 December 2014}}</ref> |
||
On April 26, 15 gunmen from the [[Tijuana Cartel]] were killed in a gunbattle against rivals.<ref>{{cite |
On April 26, 15 gunmen from the [[Tijuana Cartel]] were killed in a gunbattle against rivals.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/7369325.stm|title=BBC NEWS - Americas - Mexico drug gang clashes kill 15|date=27 April 2008|access-date=11 December 2014}}</ref> |
||
On May 18, In the city of [[Playas de Rosarito, Baja California]], the 28th Infantry Battalion received a tip that men were unloading packages from a boat to three vehicles, immediately the army were dispatched to the area. Upon arriving the Air Recon team confirmed the report. Realizing they've been caught the men dispersed the area but were apprehended, 11 suspects were arrested along with 2 tons of marijuana.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sedena.gob.mx/index.php?id_art=2026|title=Secretaría de la Defensa Nacional - Inicio| |
On May 18, In the city of [[Playas de Rosarito, Baja California]], the 28th Infantry Battalion received a tip that men were unloading packages from a boat to three vehicles, immediately the army were dispatched to the area. Upon arriving the Air Recon team confirmed the report. Realizing they've been caught the men dispersed the area but were apprehended, 11 suspects were arrested along with 2 tons of marijuana.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sedena.gob.mx/index.php?id_art=2026|title=Secretaría de la Defensa Nacional - Inicio|access-date=11 December 2014}}</ref> |
||
===Eduardo Arellano Félix=== |
===Eduardo Arellano Félix=== |
||
On October 26, Federal Police supported by special forces from 5th Special Forces Battalion capture drug lord [[Eduardo Arellano Félix]] |
On October 26, Federal Police supported by special forces from 5th Special Forces Battalion capture drug lord [[Eduardo Arellano Félix]] a.k.a. "The Doctor" after a shootout in Tijuana.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/7692319.stm|title=BBC NEWS - Americas - Mexico seizes top drugs suspect|date=27 October 2008|access-date=11 December 2014}}</ref> |
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==2009== |
==2009== |
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On October 3, the government ordered 300 [[Mexican Naval Infantry|Marines]] and Federal Police forces as "immediate response" to Tijuana, BC. the move comes after a serious number of attacks on Municipal Police officers.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/estados/73250.html|title=El Universal - |
On October 3, the government ordered 300 [[Mexican Naval Infantry|Marines]] and Federal Police forces as "immediate response" to Tijuana, BC. the move comes after a serious number of attacks on Municipal Police officers.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/estados/73250.html|title=El Universal - - Refuerzan seguridad en Tijuana con 300 marinos|date=22 June 2013|access-date=11 December 2014}}</ref> |
||
==2010== |
==2010== |
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* January 12 - [[Federal Police (Mexico)|Federal Police]] forces captured Tijuana drug lord [[Teodoro García Simental|Teodoro García Simental |
* January 12 - [[Federal Police (Mexico)|Federal Police]] forces captured Tijuana drug lord [[Teodoro García Simental|Teodoro García Simental a.k.a. "El Teo"]] in his home in [[La Paz, Baja California Sur]]. Later on that day he was transported to [[Mexico City]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20100112/ap_on_re_la_am_ca/lt_drug_war_mexico |title=Alleged chief of violent Mexican cartel captured - Yahoo! News |website=news.yahoo.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100114021339/http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20100112/ap_on_re_la_am_ca/lt_drug_war_mexico |archive-date=2010-01-14}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/notas/651198.html|title=El Universal - - Detiene Polica Federal a El Teo en BCS|date=18 June 2013|access-date=11 December 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/notas/651234.html|title=El Universal - - Trasladan a El Teo a la ciudad de Mexico|date=22 June 2013|access-date=11 December 2014}}</ref> |
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* January 16 - Due to concerns of the increase of violence by the capture of ''El Teo'', 1,000 military personnel both army and marines were sent to the most violent areas of Tijuana by the request of Baja California Governor [[José Guadalupe Osuna Millán]].<ref name="eluniversal.com.mx"/> |
* January 16 - Due to concerns of the increase of violence by the capture of ''El Teo'', 1,000 military personnel both army and marines were sent to the most violent areas of Tijuana by the request of Baja California Governor [[José Guadalupe Osuna Millán]].<ref name="eluniversal.com.mx"/> |
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''Note: (From April 16 to 30 State Preventive Police anti - drug operations are listed below)''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/notas/677076.html|title=El Universal - |
''Note: (From April 16 to 30 State Preventive Police anti - drug operations are listed below)''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/notas/677076.html|title=El Universal - - Polica captura a clula de El Chapo en BC|date=24 June 2013|access-date=11 December 2014}}</ref> |
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<!-- Deleted image removed: [[File:Sinaloan cartel members arrested.JPG|thumb|300px|Sinaloan Cartel members being presented to the media after a Anti-drug operation by Baja California's State Preventive Police. [[April 30th]]]] --> |
<!-- Deleted image removed: [[File:Sinaloan cartel members arrested.JPG|thumb|300px|Sinaloan Cartel members being presented to the media after a Anti-drug operation by Baja California's State Preventive Police. [[April 30th]]]] --> |
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* April 16 - [[Mexicali]], In the ''Colonias'' of Carranza and Naranjos, six people who belong to the [[Sinaloa Cartel]] are arrested. 125.8 kilos of cocaine, 17.6 kilos of "ICE", assault rifles, rifle magazines and 25 vehicles were seized. |
* April 16 - [[Mexicali]], In the ''Colonias'' of Carranza and Naranjos, six people who belong to the [[Sinaloa Cartel]] are arrested. 125.8 kilos of cocaine, 17.6 kilos of "ICE", assault rifles, rifle magazines and 25 vehicles were seized. |
||
* April 27 - [[Tijuana]], In The ''Colonia'' of Lomas de la Presa four suspects were arrested who were in possession of 112 kilos of marijuana. |
* April 27 - [[Tijuana]], In The ''Colonia'' of Lomas de la Presa four suspects were arrested who were in possession of 112 kilos of marijuana. |
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* April 28 - [[Tijuana]], In the ''Colonias'' of Gas and Anexas, three people who are assumed members of the [[Tijuana Cartel]] and who were under the command of [[Luis Fernando Sánchez Arellano]] were arrested. 2 assault rifles, 124 rifle magazines, 700 grams of "crystal", and 490 grams of marijuana were seized. |
* April 28 - [[Tijuana]], In the ''Colonias'' of Gas and Anexas, three people who are assumed members of the [[Tijuana Cartel]] and who were under the command of [[Luis Fernando Sánchez Arellano]] were arrested. 2 assault rifles, 124 rifle magazines, 700 grams of "crystal", and 490 grams of marijuana were seized. |
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* April 29 - In Mexicali in the ''Colonia'' of Alamitos, one known drug trafficker name ''Jorge Aaron Samanduras Hernandez'', 24 years old was arrested in possession of $110,000, 9 pistols, and 297 pistol magazines. |
* April 29 - In Mexicali in the ''Colonia'' of Alamitos, one known drug trafficker name ''Jorge Aaron Samanduras Hernandez'', 24 years old was arrested in possession of $110,000, 9 pistols, and 297 pistol magazines. |
||
* April 30 - Baja California's State Preventive Police (PEP) arrested 5 individual's that are link to the [[Sinaloa Cartel]], after raiding a tire garage in [[Mexicali]]. Close to a ton of marijuana, 1 grenade launcher, 1 M2 Browning machine gun, various machine guns and rifle magazines were also seized during the operation. |
* April 30 - Baja California's State Preventive Police (PEP) arrested 5 individual's that are link to the [[Sinaloa Cartel]], after raiding a tire garage in [[Mexicali]]. Close to a ton of marijuana, 1 grenade launcher, 1 M2 Browning machine gun, various machine guns and rifle magazines were also seized during the operation. |
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| ⚫ | * June 8 - Mexican army troops arrested two Arellano Felix cartel members in the municipality of [[Comondú Municipality|Comondú]]. Inés Zamudio Beltrán & Obed Güereña Arvizu are assumed to be [[Tijuana Cartel]] lieutenants of that municipality. Ines Zamudio Beltran is said to have links to the family of the municipality's Mayor Joel Villegas Ibarra.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/notas/686303.html|title=El Universal - - Caen dos operadores de Arellano Flix en BCS|date=20 June 2013|access-date=11 December 2014}}</ref> He was freed a month later. |
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| ⚫ |
* June 8 - Mexican army troops arrested two Arellano Felix cartel members in the municipality of [[Comondú Municipality|Comondú]]. Inés Zamudio Beltrán & Obed Güereña Arvizu are assumed to be [[Tijuana Cartel]] lieutenants of that municipality. Ines Zamudio Beltran is said to have links to the family of the municipality's Mayor Joel Villegas Ibarra.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/notas/686303.html|title=El Universal - |
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==2011== |
==2011== |
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* November 7 - Mexican army troops arrested Juan Francisco Sillas Rocha, Sillas Rochas was considered as the lieutenant of [[Luis Fernando Sánchez Arellano]].<ref>http://www.valleycentral.com/news/story.aspx?id=683619/notas/686303.html</ref> |
* November 7 - Mexican army troops arrested Juan Francisco Sillas Rocha, Sillas Rochas was considered as the lieutenant of [[Luis Fernando Sánchez Arellano]].<ref>[http://www.valleycentral.com/news/story.aspx?id=683619/notas/686303.html Valley Central News] {{dead link|date=May 2023|bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> |
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==2012== |
==2012== |
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* April 27 - Baja California's State Preventive Police (PEP) arrested Octavio Leal Hernandez (El Chapito) a close lieutenant of [[Luis Fernando Sánchez Arellano]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.proceso.com.mx/?p=305606/news/story.aspx?id=683619/notas/686303.html|title=Cae en Tijuana |
* April 27 - Baja California's State Preventive Police (PEP) arrested Octavio Leal Hernandez (El Chapito) a close lieutenant of [[Luis Fernando Sánchez Arellano]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.proceso.com.mx/?p=305606/news/story.aspx?id=683619/notas/686303.html|title=Cae en Tijuana "El Chapito", operador de los Arellano Félix|work=Proceso|access-date=11 December 2014}}</ref> |
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| ⚫ | *July 3 - Mexican army troops arrested Julio Cesar Salas Quiñonez, Salas Quiñonez was considered as the lieutenant of [[Luis Fernando Sánchez Arellano]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://latino.foxnews.com/latino/news/2012/07/05/tijuana-cartel-member-captured-in-mexico/686030.html|title = Latino|website = [[Fox News]]|date = 19 March 2022}}</ref> |
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==2023== |
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| ⚫ | *July 3 - Mexican army troops arrested Julio Cesar Salas Quiñonez, Salas Quiñonez was considered as the lieutenant of [[Luis Fernando Sánchez Arellano]].<ref>http://latino.foxnews.com/latino/news/2012/07/05/tijuana-cartel-member-captured-in-mexico/686030.html</ref> |
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On July 13, 2023, a nearly 20 year investigation against dozens of Tijuana Cartel defendants concluded when former cartel hitman Juan Francisco Sillas Rocha pled guilty to three charges, including conspiracy to commit murder, in a U.S. federal court in Fargo, North Dakota.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://apnews.com/article/north-dakota-mexican-drug-cartel-federal-court-ebab92b5378add56953a2f210ee8fd8d|title=Alleged Mexican drug cartel hitman pleads guilty to charges|publisher=Associated Press|date=13 July 2023|accessdate=20 July 2023}}</ref> |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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| Line 111: | Line 134: | ||
{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
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{{coord missing| |
{{coord missing|Baja California}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Baja California, Operation}} |
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[[Category:2007 in Mexico]] |
[[Category:2007 in Mexico]] |
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[[Category:History of Tijuana]] |
[[Category:History of Tijuana]] |
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[[Category:Operations against organized crime in Mexico]] |
[[Category:Operations against organized crime in Mexico]] |
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[[Category:2007 crimes in Mexico]] |
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[[Category:2007 introductions]] |
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[[Category:21st century in Tijuana]] |
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[[Category:Tijuana Cartel]] |
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| Operation Baja California | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of Mexican Drug War | ||||||||
| ||||||||
| Belligerents | ||||||||
| Tijuana Cartel | Unknown | |||||||
| Commanders and leaders | ||||||||
 Luis Cresencio Sandoval(2018–present) José Rafael Ojeda Durán(2018–present)  Marina del Pilar Ávila Olmeda(2021–present)  Víctor Manuel Castro Cosío(2021–present) Former commanders
| Luis Fernando Sánchez Arellano (POW) | Unknown | ||||||
| Strength | ||||||||
| 3,000[1] | 1,000+ | Unknown | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | ||||||||
| Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | ||||||
Operation TijuanaorOperation Baja California ( Spanish: Operativo TijuanaorOperación Baja California) of the Government of Mexico is taking place in Tijuana and the surrounding areas of Baja California and Baja California Sur. This operation is part of the Joint Operation Against Drug Trafficking.
The operation was launched on January 2, 2007, with the deployment of 3,296 officers of the Secretaries of Defense, Navy, Public Security and the department of the Attorney General of Mexico.[2] The Secretariat of Defense sent 2,620 soldiers, 21 airplanes, 9 helicopters, 28 ships, 247 tactical vehicles and ten drug-sniffing dogs. The Navy sent a sea patrol, three interceptor patrols, one helicopter, two support vehicles and 162 marines.[2] The Department of Public Security took the tasks of patrolling, intelligence and investigation as well as taking part in executing orders of arrests, searches and seizures. The Attorney General's Office (PGR) took the tasks of elaborating a map of priorities and provide the tools for information exchange in real-time to facilitate detentions. The PGR will also be present in the 48 local prosecution offices to seize property and take down drug-processing labs.[2] In May 2007, the operations were extended to lesser crimes.[3] The Federal Police, formed by the Federal Agency of Investigation, were to provide 510 officers to participate in tactical analysis, crime investigation, regional security and special operations.[4]
On April 3, The leader of a band of kidnappers Víctor Magno Escobar Luna (a.k.a. "El Matapolicías", "Cop killer") was apprehended, he was thought to have had links with the state police for at least ten years. He is also thought to have been a member of the state police for a few years.[5]
On April 18, 2007, a band of criminals entered the General Hospital of Tijuana, took hostages and tried to free a mafia boss that was being treated in the hospital. The liberation was unsuccessful, the criminals exchanged fire with the local police and Army units and were later intercepted but not apprehended by the state and federal police.[6] Three people were reported dead after the shooting and five people apprehended later.[7]
On August 27, police officers found three headless bodies in a rubbish dump in Tijuana, killed by drug cartels.[8]
On December 29, the entire police force in the town of Playas de Rosarito, Baja California, are disarmed from their weapons after suspicion of collaborating with drug cartels.[9]
The federal forces took away the weapons of the local police officers giving an official explanation of doing a fingerprint-check on them. During this time crime increased 40% to 50%[10] since police officers were left unarmed. Kidnappings decreased from six to two compared to 2006. Federal police officers have also been caught receiving bribes.[11] Deaths by firearm dropped from only 27 in January 2006 to 23 in January 2007.[12] Local police departments also reported increases of 400% of crime between minors.[13]
In May 2007, after the disappointment of the population, President Felipe Calderón asked the public to be patient and declared that it may not be in his administration when the results of these operations will be seen.[14]
On 28 January, army personnel from the Army's 5th special forces battalion and 2nd Motorized Cavalry Regiment succeeded in the arrest of Alfredo Araujo Avila a.k.a. El PopeyeinTijuana. Alfredo Avila is known to be one of the most active assassins from the 1980s to the early 1990s of the Tijuana Cartel in the states of Sinaloa and Baja California.[15]
On April 26, 15 gunmen from the Tijuana Cartel were killed in a gunbattle against rivals.[16]
On May 18, In the city of Playas de Rosarito, Baja California, the 28th Infantry Battalion received a tip that men were unloading packages from a boat to three vehicles, immediately the army were dispatched to the area. Upon arriving the Air Recon team confirmed the report. Realizing they've been caught the men dispersed the area but were apprehended, 11 suspects were arrested along with 2 tons of marijuana.[17]
On October 26, Federal Police supported by special forces from 5th Special Forces Battalion capture drug lord Eduardo Arellano Félix a.k.a. "The Doctor" after a shootout in Tijuana.[18]
On October 3, the government ordered 300 Marines and Federal Police forces as "immediate response" to Tijuana, BC. the move comes after a serious number of attacks on Municipal Police officers.[19]
Note: (From April 16 to 30 State Preventive Police anti - drug operations are listed below)[23]
On July 13, 2023, a nearly 20 year investigation against dozens of Tijuana Cartel defendants concluded when former cartel hitman Juan Francisco Sillas Rocha pled guilty to three charges, including conspiracy to commit murder, in a U.S. federal court in Fargo, North Dakota.[28]
