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{{Short description|Brazilian defense tactic}} |
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{{Infobox military conflict |
{{Infobox military conflict |
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| conflict = Pikysyry maneuver |
| conflict = Pikysyry maneuver |
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| partof = the [[Paraguayan War]] |
| partof = the [[Paraguayan War]] |
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| image = |
| image = Pedro Américo - Estudo para Passagem do Chaco.jpg |
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| image_size = 300px |
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| caption = ''Passagem do Chaco'', oil on canvas by Pedro Américo |
| caption = ''Passagem do Chaco'', oil on canvas by [[Pedro Américo]] |
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| date = 21 December 1868 |
| date = 21 December 1868 |
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| place = [[Formosa province]], [[Argentina]] |
| place = [[Formosa province]], [[Argentina]] |
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| casus = |
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| casus = |
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| territory = |
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| result = Allied victory |
| result = Allied victory |
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| combatant1 = |
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⚫ | |||
{{plainlist | |
| combatant2 = {{plainlist | |
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⚫ | |||
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*[[File:Coat of arms of Paraguay.svg|15px]] [[Paraguayan Army]] |
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*[[Militia|Armed civilians]] |
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| combatant2 = |
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| commander1 = {{plainlist | |
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* {{flagdeco|Paraguay|1842}} [[Francisco Solano López|Solano López]] |
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*[[File:CoA Empire of Brazil (1822-1870).svg|15px]] [[Brazilian Army|Imperial Army]] |
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* {{flagdeco|Paraguay|1842}} [[George Thompson (engineer)|George Thompson]] |
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*[[File:Naval Jack of Brazil.svg|15px]] [[Brazilian Navy|Imperial Navy]] |
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}} |
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| commander2 = {{plainlist | |
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*[[File:Ejercito Argentino Escudo.png|15px]] [[Argentine Army]] |
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⚫ | * {{flagdeco|Empire of Brazil}} [[Luís Alves de Lima e Silva, Duke of Caxias|Marquess of Caxias]] |
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*[[File:Naval Jack of Argentina.svg|15px]] [[Argentine Navy]] |
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* {{flagdeco|Argentina}} [[Juan Andrés Gelly y Obes|Juan Andrés Gelly]] |
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}} |
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*[[File:Military Cockade of Uruguay.svg|15px]] [[Uruguayan Army]] |
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⚫ | | strength1 = 2,000 men<ref name=Hooker>Hooker, T.D., 2008, The Paraguayan War, Nottingham: Foundry Books, {{ISBN|1901543153}}</ref>{{rp|95}} |
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⚫ | |||
| commander1 = {{flagicon|Paraguay|1842}} [[Francisco Solano López (politician)|Francisco Solano López]]<br>{{flagicon|United Kingdom}}[[George Thompson (Military Engineer)|George Thompson]] |
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⚫ |
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⚫ |
| strength1 = 2,000 men<ref name=Hooker>Hooker, T.D., 2008, The Paraguayan War, Nottingham: Foundry Books, ISBN |
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⚫ | |||
| casualties1 = 600 killed, 200 captured<ref name=Hooker/>{{rp|95}} |
| casualties1 = 600 killed, 200 captured<ref name=Hooker/>{{rp|95}} |
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| casualties2 = |
| casualties2 = |
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{{Campaignbox Paraguayan War}} |
{{Campaignbox Paraguayan War}} |
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The '''Pikysyry maneuver''' was a tactic used by Brazilian marshal [[Luís Alves de Lima e Silva, Duke of Caxias]], during the [[Paraguayan War]] to outflank the Paraguayan southern defense line along the stream of Pikysyry consisting of 142 gun platforms along a line 9.1 |
The '''Pikysyry maneuver''' was a tactic used by Brazilian marshal [[Luís Alves de Lima e Silva, Duke of Caxias]], during the [[Paraguayan War]] to outflank the Paraguayan southern defense line along the stream of Pikysyry consisting of 142 gun platforms along a line 9.1 km long, built by the British engineer Lt. Col. [[George Thompson (Military Engineer)|George Thompson]]. Just to the north were the batteries of Angostura, protecting the [[River Paraguay]]. Marshal Caxias decided to attack from the Paraguayan rear by constructing a 10.7 km road on the [[Gran Chaco|Chaco]] side of the river starting at Santa Theresa.<ref name=Hooker/>{{rp|88–91}} |
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==Background== |
==Background== |
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On 11 Oct. 1868, 1,122 men under the command of Lt. Col. Antonio |
On 11 Oct. 1868, 1,122 men under the command of Lt. Col. [[Antonio Tiburcio]] landed near Santa Theresa on the west side of the Paraguay River. An additional 2,925 infantry, 327 pontoniers, 198 artillerymen and 94 cavalry were landed and overall command for building the road was the responsibility of Lt. Col. Rufino Galvao of the Engineers. The road was constructed of palm tree trunks. On 27 Nov. Marshal Caxias moved his headquarters to the Chaco side of the river. By early December, the road had been completed to Santa Helena and 19,000 Allied troops were ready to cross over to San Antonio.<ref name=Hooker/>{{rp|90}} |
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==Battle of Pikysyry== |
==Battle of Pikysyry== |
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After the successful [[ |
After the successful battles of [[Battle of Ytororó|Ytororó]] and [[Battle of Avay|Avay]], the allied army was ready to capture the Paraguayan defenses at Pikysyry. A column of 2,700 men under general [[João Manuel Mena Barreto]] mounted a flanking movement while troops under general [[Juan Andrés Gelly y Obes]] made a simultaneous feint to the front. The December 21 attack was a complete surprise to the Paraguayans.<ref name=Hooker/>{{rp|95}} |
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==Aftermath== |
==Aftermath== |
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Some 500 Paraguayans escaped to Angostura and another 200 to Lomas Valentinas.<ref name=Hooker/>{{rp|95}} |
Some 500 Paraguayans escaped to Angostura and another 200 to Lomas Valentinas.<ref name=Hooker/>{{rp|95}} |
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==Gallery== |
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<gallery> |
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File:War in Parguay - Engagement at Chaco.jpg|Engagement at [[Chaco Department|Chaco]] ([[Harper's Weekly|''Harper's Weekly: A Journal of Civilization'']], Vol. XII, nº 617, 24/10/1868) |
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</gallery> |
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==References== |
==References== |
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== External links == |
== External links == |
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⚫ |
* |
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* |
* https://web.archive.org/web/20091027012012/http://br.geocities.com/guerrapara/dezembrada.htm {{in lang|pt}} |
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* |
* https://web.archive.org/web/20091027111502/http://www.geocities.com/Pentagon/Camp/2523 {{in lang|en}} |
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⚫ | * https://web.archive.org/web/20091027043104/http://geocities.com/ulysses_costa/Guerradoparaguai {{in lang|pt}} |
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{{coord missing|Paraguay}} |
{{coord missing|Paraguay}} |
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[[Category:Battles of the Paraguayan War]] |
[[Category:Battles of the Paraguayan War]] |
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[[Category:December 1868 events]] |
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[[Category:1868 in Argentina]] |
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[[Category:History of Formosa Province]] |
Pikysyry maneuver | |||||||
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Part of the Paraguayan War | |||||||
Passagem do Chaco, oil on canvas by Pedro Américo | |||||||
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Belligerents | |||||||
Paraguay |
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Commanders and leaders | |||||||
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Strength | |||||||
2,000 men[1]: 95 | 8,000 men[1]: 95 | ||||||
Casualties and losses | |||||||
600 killed, 200 captured[1]: 95 |
The Pikysyry maneuver was a tactic used by Brazilian marshal Luís Alves de Lima e Silva, Duke of Caxias, during the Paraguayan War to outflank the Paraguayan southern defense line along the stream of Pikysyry consisting of 142 gun platforms along a line 9.1 km long, built by the British engineer Lt. Col. George Thompson. Just to the north were the batteries of Angostura, protecting the River Paraguay. Marshal Caxias decided to attack from the Paraguayan rear by constructing a 10.7 km road on the Chaco side of the river starting at Santa Theresa.[1]: 88–91
On 11 Oct. 1868, 1,122 men under the command of Lt. Col. Antonio Tiburcio landed near Santa Theresa on the west side of the Paraguay River. An additional 2,925 infantry, 327 pontoniers, 198 artillerymen and 94 cavalry were landed and overall command for building the road was the responsibility of Lt. Col. Rufino Galvao of the Engineers. The road was constructed of palm tree trunks. On 27 Nov. Marshal Caxias moved his headquarters to the Chaco side of the river. By early December, the road had been completed to Santa Helena and 19,000 Allied troops were ready to cross over to San Antonio.[1]: 90
After the successful battles of Ytororó and Avay, the allied army was ready to capture the Paraguayan defenses at Pikysyry. A column of 2,700 men under general João Manuel Mena Barreto mounted a flanking movement while troops under general Juan Andrés Gelly y Obes made a simultaneous feint to the front. The December 21 attack was a complete surprise to the Paraguayans.[1]: 95
Some 500 Paraguayans escaped to Angostura and another 200 to Lomas Valentinas.[1]: 95