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Government |
Judiciary
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Uganda is a presidential republic in which the President of Uganda is the head of state and the prime minister is the head of government business. There is a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is given to both the government and the National Assembly. The system is based on a democratic parliamentary system with equal rights for all citizens over 18 years of age.
The Economist Intelligence Unit rated Uganda a "hybrid regime" in 2019.[1][needs update]
In a measure ostensibly designed to reduce sectarian violence, political parties were restricted in their activities from 1986. In the non-party "Movement" system instituted by President Yoweri Museveni, political parties continued to exist but could not campaign in elections or field candidates directly (although electoral candidates could belong to political parties). A constitutional referendum canceled this 19-year ban on multi-party politics in July 2005.
Presidential elections were held in February 2006. Museveni ran against several candidates, of whom the most prominent was the exiled Dr. Kizza Besigye. Museveni was declared the winner. Besigye alleged fraud, and rejected the result. The Supreme Court of Uganda ruled that the election was marred by intimidation, violence, voter disenfranchisement, and other irregularities. However, the Court voted 4-3 to uphold the results of the election.[2]
Office | Name | Party | Since |
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President | Yoweri Museveni | National Resistance Movement | 26 January 1986 |
Prime Minister | Robinah Nabbanja | National Resistance Movement | 21 June 2021 |
The head of state in Uganda is the President, who is elected by a popular vote to a five-year term. This is currently Yoweri Museveni, who is also the head of the armed forces. The previous presidential elections were in February 2011, and in the election of February 2016, Museveni was elected with 68 percent of the vote. The cabinet is appointed by the president from among the elected legislators. The prime minister, Robina Nabbanja, assists the president in the supervision of the cabinet.
The Cabinet of Uganda, according to the Constitution of Uganda, "shall consist of the President, the Vice President and such number of Ministers as may appear to the President to be reasonably necessary for the efficient running of the State."[3][4]
The most recent president elections in Uganda were held on January 14, 2021 featuring 11 aspirants comprising 10 men and 1 woman.
The announced but contested results are as follows;
Candidates' Names | Votes | Percentage |
AMURIAT OBOI PATRICK | 337,589 | 3.26% |
KABULETA KIIZA JOSEPH | 45,424 | 0.44% |
KALEMBE NANCY LINDA | 38,772 | 0.37% |
KATUMBA JOHN | 37,554 | 0.36% |
KYAGULANYI SSENTAMU ROBERT | 3,631,437 | 35.08% |
MAO NORBERT | 57,682 | 0.56% |
MAYAMBALA WILLY | 15,014 | 0.15% |
MUGISHA MUNTU GREGG | 67,574 | 0.65% |
MWESIGYE FRED | 25,483 | 0.25% |
TUMUKUNDE HENRY KAKURUGU | 51,392 | 0.50% |
YOWERI MUSEVENI TIBUHABURWA KAGUTA | 6,042,898 | 58.38% |
Invalid Votes | 393,500 | 3.66% |
Valid Votes | 10,350,819 |
Source: Uganda ELectoral Commission[6]
The pop star turned politician Bobi Wine, aka Robert Kyagulanyi Sentamu, is challenging the election results in the country's highest court, the supreme court seeking to over-turn Museveni's victory.[7]
The highly contested elections marred with violence and opposition repression has outrage, condemnation and sanctions from both the US and the European Union[8]
Candidate | Party | Votes | % | |
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Yoweri Museveni | National Resistance Movement | 5,971,872 | 60.62 | |
Kizza Besigye | Forum for Democratic Change | 3,508,687 | 35.61 | |
Amama Mbabazi | Go Forward | 136,519 | 1.39 | |
Abed Bwanika | People's Development Party | 89,005 | 0.90 | |
Venansius Baryamureeba | Independent | 52,798 | 0.54 | |
Faith Kyalya | Independent | 42,833 | 0.43 | |
Benon Biraaro | Uganda Farmers Party | 25,600 | 0.26 | |
Joseph Mabirizi | Independent | 24,498 | 0.25 | |
Total | 9,851,812 | 100.00 | ||
Valid votes | 9,851,812 | 95.38 | ||
Invalid/blank votes | 477,319 | 4.62 | ||
Total votes | 10,329,131 | 100.00 | ||
Registered voters/turnout | 15,277,198 | 67.61 | ||
Source: EC, EC |
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Party | Constituency | Women | Seats | |||||||||
Votes | % | Seats | Votes | % | Seats | Appointed | Total | +/– | ||||
National Resistance Movement | 3,945,000 | 48.88 | 199 | 3,566,617 | 48.95 | 84 | 10 | 293 | +30 | |||
Forum for Democratic Change | 1,027,648 | 12.73 | 29 | 929,860 | 12.76 | 7 | 0 | 36 | +2 | |||
Democratic Party | 349,962 | 4.34 | 13 | 246,284 | 3.38 | 2 | 0 | 15 | +3 | |||
Uganda People's Congress | 172,781 | 2.14 | 4 | 236,164 | 3.24 | 2 | 0 | 6 | –4 | |||
Justice Forum | 20,089 | 0.25 | 0 | 16,741 | 0.23 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
Ugandan Federal Alliance | 18,146 | 0.22 | 0 | 0 | 0.00 | – | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
Conservative Party | 10,792 | 0.13 | 0 | 2,902 | 0.04 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
Social Democratic Party | 5,972 | 0.07 | 0 | 0 | 0.00 | – | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
Republican Women and Youth Party | 2,311 | 0.03 | 0 | 8,502 | 0.12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
People's Progressive Party | 2,185 | 0.03 | 0 | 16,720 | 0.23 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
Uganda Patriotic Movement | 470 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | 0.00 | – | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
Activist Party | 175 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0.00 | – | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
Independents | 2,515,163 | 31.16 | 44 | 2,261,897 | 31.05 | 17 | 5 | 66 | +23 | |||
Uganda People's Defence Force | 10 | 10 | 0 | |||||||||
Total | 8,070,694 | 100.00 | 289 | 7,285,687 | 100.00 | 112 | 25 | 426 | +51 | |||
Registered voters/turnout | 15,277,198 | – | 15,277,198 | – | ||||||||
Source: EC, Election Passport |
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The Ugandan judiciary operates as an independent branch of government and consists of magistrate's courts, high courts, courts of appeal (which organizes itself as the Constitutional Court of Uganda when hearing constitutional issues), and the Supreme Court. Judges for the High Court are appointed by the president; Judges for the Court of Appeal are appointed by the president and approved by the legislature.
A fight between Ugandan and Libyan presidential guards sparked chaos during a ceremony attended by the heads of state from 11 African nations on March 19, 2008.[9]
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