Prionoceridae: Difference between revisions

Beetles in the family are elongate with soft elytra. The elytra are often covered with rows of hairs. The margin of the eyes are not round but notched anteriorly. The head faces forward (prognathous) and the clypeal region is produced into a short flat snout. Each of the legs have five tarsi (5-5-4 in the [[Oedemeridae]]) with simple claws and a single spur on the pro-tibia. Male ''[[Idgia]]'' and ''[[Prionocerus]]'' have a comb on the inner edge of the distal tarsal segment of the foreleg.<ref name=champion>{{cite journal|title=The Malacoderm genera ''Prionocerus'' and ''Idgia'' and their sexual characters|author=Champion, G.C.|pages=325–372|url= https://archive.org/stream/annalsmagazineof931919lond#page/324/mode/2up| year=1919| volume=9| issue=3| journal=Annals and Magazine of Natural History}}</ref> The genera ''[[Nacerdes]]'' and ''[[Xanthochroa]]'' in the family [[Oedemeridae]] and some [[Cantharidae]] bear resemblance to some of the Prionoceridae.<ref name=hkeb>{{cite journal|author=Aston, Paul| title=Prionoceridae Lacordaire 1857 of Hong Kong and Guangdong Province, China (Coleoptera; Cleroidea)| journal=Hong Kong Entomological Bulletin|volume=3| issue=1|year=2011|pages=2–6 |url=https://archive.org/stream/HongKongEntomologicalBulletinVol3-1/HkebVol.31#page/n1/mode/1up}}</ref>

Members of the family were formerly included as a subfamily within the closely related [[Melyridae]] (the genus ''[[Lobonyx]]'' in [[Dasytinae]]). The fossil record of Prionoceridae has been recorded from the Middle Jurassic [[Tiaojishan Formation|Daohugou beds]] of China (''[[Idgiaites jurassicus]]''), the [[Cenomanian]] [[Burmese amber]] (''[[Cretaidgia burmensis]]'')<ref name="burmamb21">{{Cite journal|last1=Zhao |first1=Y. |last2=Liu |first2=Z. |last3=Yu |first3=Y. |last4=Shih |first4=C. |last5=Ślipiński |first5=A. |last6=Ren |first6=D. |title=First species of Prionoceridae from mid-Cretaceous amber of northern Myanmar (Coleoptera: Cleroidea) |year=2021 |journal=Cretaceous Research |volume=in press |pages=Article 105118 |doi=10.1016/j.cretres.2021.105118 |s2cid=245058205 }}</ref> and [[Ypresian]] [[Hat creek Amber]] from Canada (''[[Prionocerites tattriei]]'').<ref name="Prionocerites2008">{{cite journal |last1=Lawrence |first1=J.F. |last2=Archibald |first2=S.B. |last3=Ślipiński |first3=A. |year=2008 |title=A new species of Prionoceridae (Coleoptera: Cleroidea) from the Eocene of British Columbia, Canada |journal=Annales Zoologici |volume=58 |issue=4 |pages=689–693 |doi=10.3161/000345408X396620 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal| journal=Annales Zoologici |volume=65| issue=1|pages=41–52|year= 2015|doi=10.3161/00034541ANZ2015.65.1.004| title=The Oldest Prionoceridae (Coleoptera: Cleroidea) from the Middle Jurassic of China|author1=Liu, Zhenhua |author2=Ślipiński, Adam |author3= Leschen, Richard A. B. |author4= Ren, Dong |author5= Pang, Hong }}</ref><ref name=china />

There are around 150 species in three genera; ''[[Idgia]]'' {{small|Laporte, 1836}} (Palaeotropical), ''[[Lobonyx]]'' {{small|Jacquelin du Val, 1859}}<ref>{{cite book|author=Constantin R.|year=2009|chapter= A revision of the genus ''Lobonyx'' Jacquelin du Val, 1859, of Central Asia, with the description of a new species from Nepal (Insecta: Coleoptera, Prionoceridae)|pages= 299–311| editor=Hartmann M, Weipert J | title=Biodiversität und Naturausstattung im Himalaya, Band 3|publisher=Verein der Freunde & Förderer des Naturkundemuseums Erfurt e.V.|place=Erfurt}}</ref> (mostly Palaearctic), and ''[[Prionocerus]]'' {{small|Perty, 1831}}.<ref>{{cite journal|url=http://borneobeetles.myspecies.info/sites/borneobeetles.myspecies.info/files/2010_Geiser%20Prioniceridae.pdf|author=Geiser, Michael| year=2010| title=Studies on Prionoceridae (Coleoptera: Cleroidea). II. A revision of the genus Prionocerus Perty, 1831| journal=Zootaxa|volume=2328|pages=1–48}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|url=https://biogeography.unibas.ch/PDF/2007_Geiser_PrionocerusfromSumatra.pdf|author=Geiser, M. |year=2007| title=Studies on Prionoceridae (Coleoptera, Cleroidea). I. A new species of Prionocerus Perty, 1831 from Sumatra.|journal= Entomologica Basiliensia et Collectionis Frey|volume=29| pages=167–170}}</ref>

;†''[[Cretaidgia]]'' {{small|Zhao, Liu & Yu, 2021}}<ref name="burmamb21"/>

*†''[[Cretaidgia|C. burmensis]]'' {{small|Zhao, Liu & Yu, 2021}}

;''[[Idgia]]'' {{small|Laporte, 1836}}

*''[[Idgia abdominalis|I. abdominalis]]'' {{small|Pic, 1920}}

*''[[Idgia abyssinica|I. abyssinica]]'' {{small|Champion, 1919}}

*''[[Idgia amplipennis|I. amplipennis]]'' {{small|Pic, 1923}}

*''[[Idgia andrewesi|I. andrewesi]]'' {{small|Bourgeois, 1907}}

*''[[Idgia angustata|I. angustata]]'' {{small|Champion, 1919}}

*''[[Idgia apicalis|I. apicalis]]'' {{small|(Gerstacker, 1871)}}

*''[[Idgia apicata|I. apicata]]'' {{small|Gorham, 1895}}

*''[[Idgia arabica|I. arabica]]'' {{small|(Walker, 1871)}}

*''[[Idgia ardesica|I. ardesica]]'' {{small|Pic, 1908}}

*''[[Idgia assimilis|I. assimilis]]'' {{small|(Hope, 1831)}}

*''[[Idgia asirensis|I. asirensis]]'' {{small|Wittmer, 1980}}

*''[[Idgia atricornis|I. atricornis]]'' {{small|Pic, 1920}}

*''[[Idgia bagorensis|I. bagorensis]]'' {{small|Pic, 1920}}

*''[[Idgia bakeri|I. bakeri]]'' {{small|Pic, 1920}}

*''[[Idgia belli|I. belli]]'' {{small|Gorham, 1895}}

*''[[Idgia bimaculata|I. bimaculata]]'' {{small|Pic, 1910}}

*''[[Idgia caeruliventris|I. caeruliventris]]'' {{small|Champion, 1919}}

*''[[Idgia cavilabris|I. cavilabris]]'' {{small|Champion, 1919}}

*''[[Idgia chloroptera|I. chloroptera]]'' {{small|Redtenbacher, 1868}}

*''[[Idgia cincta|I. cincta]]'' {{small|Pic, 1920}}

*''[[Idgia confusa|I. confusa]]'' {{small|Pic, 1920}}

*''[[Idgia costata|I. costata]]'' {{small|Pic, 1920}}

*''[[Idgia costulata|I. costulata]]'' {{small| Pic, 1941}}

*''[[Idgia curticeps|I. curticeps]]'' {{small|Pic, 1920}}

*''[[Idgia cyanea|I. cyanea]]'' {{small|Pic, 1906}}

*''[[Idgia cyanocephala|I. cyanocephala]]'' {{small|Champion, 1919}}

*''[[Idgia cyanipennis|I. cyanipennis]]'' {{small|Pic, 1920}}

*''[[Idgia cyanura|I. cyanura]]'' {{small|Champion, 1919}}

*''[[Idgia dasytoides|I. dasytoides]]'' {{small|Champion, 1919}}

*''[[Idgia decolor|I. decolor]]'' {{small|Champion, 1919}}

*''[[Idgia deusta|I. deusta]]'' {{small|Fairmaire, 1878}}

*''[[Idgia dichroa|I. dichroa]]'' {{small|Champion, 1919}}

*''[[Idgia dimelaena|I. dimelaena]]'' {{small|(Walker, 1859)}}

*''[[Idgia dimidiata|I. dimidiata]]'' {{small|(Gerstacker, 1871)}}

*''[[Idgia diversiceps|I. diversiceps]]'' {{small|Pic, 1925}}

*''[[Idgia dohertyi|I. dohertyi]]'' {{small|Pic, 1912}}

*''[[Idgia dubia|I. dubia]]'' {{small|Gyll., 1808}}

*''[[Idgia elongaticeps|I. elongaticeps]]'' {{small|Pic, 1923}}

*''[[Idgia femorata|I. femorata]]'' {{small|Champion, 1919}}

*''[[Idgia flavibuccis|I. flavibuccis]]'' {{small|Bourgeois, 1892}}

*''[[Idgia flavicollis|I. flavicollis]]'' {{small|Redtenbacher, 1878}}

*''[[Idgia flavirostris|I. flavirostris]]'' {{small|Pascoe, 1860}}

*''[[Idgia flavithorax|I. flavithorax]]'' {{small|Pic, 1927}}

*''[[Idgia flavilabris|I. flavilabris]]'' {{small|Champion, 1919}}

*''[[Idgia flavolimbata|I. flavolimbata]]'' {{small|Champion, 1919}}

*''[[Idgia foveifrons|I. foveifrons]]'' {{small| Fairmaire, 1900 }}

*''[[Idgia fruhstorferi|I. fruhstorferi]]'' {{small|Pic, 1920}}

*''[[Idgia fulvicollis|I. fulvicollis]]'' {{small|Reichenbach, 1849}}

*''[[Idgia geniculata|I. geniculata]]'' {{small|Champion, 1919}}

*''[[Idgia gorhami|I. gorhami]]'' {{small|Pic, 1911}}

*''[[Idgia grandis|I. grandis]]'' {{small|Pic, 1935}}

*''[[Idgia granulipennis|I. granulipennis]]'' {{small|Pic, 1920}}

*''[[Idgia griseolineata|I. griseolineata]]'' {{small|Pic, 1934}}

*''[[Idgia haemorrhoidalis|I. haemorrhoidalis]]'' {{small|Pic, 1906}}

*''[[Idgia hoffmanni|I. hoffmanni]]'' {{small|Gressitt, 1939}}

*''[[Idgia huegeli|I. huegeli]]'' {{small|(Redtenbacher, 1868)}}

*''[[Idgia humeralifer|I. humeralifer]]'' {{small|Pic, 1920}}

*''[[Idgia incerta|I. incerta]]'' {{small|Pic, 1920}}

*''[[Idgia indicola|I. indicola]]'' {{small|Champion, 1919}}

*''[[Idgia iriomoteana|I. iriomoteana]]'' {{small|Nakane, 1980}}

*''[[Idgia javana|I. javana]]'' {{small|Champion, 1919}}

*''[[Idgia laticornis|I. laticornis]]'' {{small|Champion, 1919}}

*''[[Idgia lineata|I. lineata]]'' {{small|Pic, 1920}}

*''[[Idgia longicollis|I. longicollis]]'' {{small|Pic, 1925}}

*''[[Idgia longipalpis|I. longipalpis]]'' {{small|Champion, 1919}}

*''[[Idgia longipes|I. longipes]]'' {{small|Pic, 1920}}

*''[[Idgia longissima|I. longissima]]'' {{small|Pic, 1909}}

*''[[Idgia luteipes|I. luteipes]]'' {{small|Champion, 1919}}

*''[[Idgia luzonica|I. luzonica]]'' {{small|Pic, 1924}}

*''[[Idgia melanocephala|I. melanocephala]]'' {{small|(Fabricius, 1781)}}

*''[[Idgia maculicornis|I. maculicornis]]'' {{small|Pic, 1925}}

*''[[Idgia maculiventris|I. maculiventris]]'' {{small|Champion, 1919}}

*''[[Idgia maindroni|I. maindroni]]'' {{small|Pic, 1909}}

*''[[Idgia major|I. major]]'' {{small|Pic, 1908}}

*''[[Idgia marginata|I. marginata]]'' {{small|Champion, 1919}}

*''[[Idgia mindanaosa|I. mindanaosa]]'' {{small|Pic, 1947}}

*''[[Idgia melanura|I. melanura]]'' {{small|Kollar & Redtenbacher, 1844}}

*''[[Idgia minuta|I. minuta]]'' {{small|Pic, 1920}}

*''[[Idgia moupinensis|I. moupinensis]]'' {{small|Fairmaire, 1889 }}

*''[[Idgia nilgirica|I. nilgirica]]'' {{small|Champion, 1919}}

*''[[Idgia nitida|I. nitida]]'' {{small|Champion, 1919}}

*''[[Idgia obscurimembris|I. obscurimembris]]'' {{small|Pic, 1923}}

*''[[Idgia oculata|I. oculata]]'' {{small|Redtenbacher, 1868}}

*''[[Idgia oedemeroides|I. oedemeroides]]'' {{small|Pic, 1920}}

*''[[Idgia opacipennis|I. opacipennis]]'' {{small|Pic, 1920}}

*''[[Idgia pallidicolor|I. pallidicolor]]'' {{small|Pic, 1906}}

*''[[Idgia parlicularipes|I. parlicularipes]]'' {{small|Pic, 1920}}

*''[[Idgia particularicornis|I. particularicornis]]'' {{small|Pic, 1939}}

*''[[Idgia plectrophora|I. plectrophora]]'' {{small|Champion, 1919}}

*''[[Idgia revoili|I. revoili]]'' {{small|Pic, 1920}}

*''[[Idgia rostrifera|I. rostrifera]]'' {{small|Champion, 1919}}

*''[[Idgia rouyeri|I. rouyeri]]'' {{small|Pic, 1906}}

*''[[Idgia semitecta|I. semitecta]]'' {{small|Champion, 1919}}

*''[[Idgia stamperi|I. stamperi]]'' {{small|Pic, 1924}}

*''[[Idgia subparallela|I. subparallela]]'' {{small|Pic, 1920}}

*''[[Idgia terminata|I. terminata]]'' {{small|Cast., 1840}}

*''[[Idgia testaceipes|I. testaceipes]]'' {{small|Pic, 1908}}

*''[[Idgia thibetana|I. thibetana]]'' {{small|(Obenberger, 1918)}}

*''[[Idgia uncigera|I. uncigera]]'' {{small|Champion, 1919}}

*''[[Idgia ungulata|I. ungulata]]'' {{small|Champion, 1919}}

*''[[Idgia varicornis|I. varicornis]]'' {{small|Champion, 1919}}

*''[[Idgia varipes|I. varipes]]'' {{small|Champion, 1919}}

*''[[Idgia virescens|I. virescens]]'' {{small|Champion, 1919}}

*''[[Idgia viridivittata|I. viridivittata]]'' {{small|Champion, 1919}}

;†''[[Idgiaites]]''

*†''[[Idgiaites|I. jurassicus]]''

;''[[Lobonyx]]'' {{small|Jacquelin du Val, 1859}}

*''[[Lobonyx aeneus|L. aeneus]]'' {{small|(Fabricius, 1787)}}

*''[[Lobonyx gracilis|L. gracilis]]'' {{small|Reitter, 1872}}

*''[[Lobonyx guerryi|L. guerryi]]'' {{small|(Pic, 1920)}}<ref name=china>{{cite journal| journal=Entomotaxonomia | year=2012| volume= 34|issue=2|pages= 378–390| title= A little-known beetle family in China, Prionoceridae Lacordaire, 1857 (Coleoptera: Cleroidea) | author1=Yuxia, Yang| author2=Geiser, Michael| author3=Xingk, Yang|url=https://biogeography.unibas.ch/PDF/2012_Yang,%20Geiser%20&%20Yang.pdf}}</ref>

*''[[Lobonyx thoracicus|L. thoracicus]]'' {{small|Majer, 1990}}

;†''[[Prionocerites]]'' {{small|Lawrence, Archibald, & Ślipiński, 2008}}

*†''[[Prionocerites|P. tattriei]]'' {{small|Lawrence, Archibald, & Ślipiński, 2008}}<ref name="Prionocerites2008"/>

;''[[Prionocerus]]'' {{small|Perty, 1831}}

*''[[Prionocerus bicolor|P. bicolor]]'' {{small|Redtenbacher, 1868}}

*''[[Prionocerus caeruleipennis|P. caeruleipennis]]'' {{small|Perty, 1831}}

*''[[Prionocerus championi|P. championi]]'' {{small|Geiser, 2010}}

*''[[Prionocerus malaysiacus|P. malaysiacus]]'' {{small|Geiser, 2010}}

*''[[Prionocerus paiensis|P. paiensis]]'' {{small|Geiser, 2010 }}

*''[[Prionocerus opacipennis|P. opacipennis]]'' {{small|(Pic, 1920)}}

*''[[Prionocerus viridiflavus|P. viridiflavus]]'' {{small|Geiser, 2007}}

*''[[Prionocerus wittmeri|P. wittmeri]]'' {{small|Geiser, 2010}}

[[Category:Cleroidea]]