The Professional Science Master's degree (abbreviated as P.S.M.) is a STEM-oriented and industry-integrated professional master's degree program which originated in the United States. The degree program integrates advanced technical science training with business and professional leadership skills development.[1] P.S.M. programs can usually be completed in sixteen months to two years of full-time or part-time study including a required professional internship or a capstone project with industry involvement. Because of this industry partnership, P.S.M. degree holders have high level of employability after graduation.[2]
In contrast to traditional research-based Master of ScienceorMaster of Arts degrees, the P.S.M. degree is usually offered by a degree-granting university in partnership with an industry partner in specific emerging fields such as forensic science, computational chemistry, applied mathematics, bioinformatics, and data science.
Recognizing that traditional graduate-level science training may not be suitable for non-academic careers, the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, in 1997, began to support master's-level degree programs designed to provide science, technology, engineering, and mathematics ("STEM") students with a pathway into science-based careers.[3] These Professional Science Master's degrees combine a science or mathematics curriculum with a professional component designed to provide graduates with the necessary skills for a career in business, government, or nonprofit agencies.[4]
Originally funding fourteen campuses, the Sloan Foundation expanded its support directly or indirectly to over fifty institutions, collectively offering over 100 different PSM programs.[3] As of 2017, there are 356 PSM programs at over 165 institutions.[5] In 2005, the Foundation funded the Council of Graduate Schools to be an “institutional base for PSM growth, with the goal of making the degree a normal, recognized, widely accepted academic offering”.[3] In furtherance of this objective, the Sloan Foundation also provided support to found the National Professional Science Master's Association, a professional organization of PSM directors and alumni intended to “provide a collective voice for PSM degree programs”.[6]
In 2007, Congress passed the America COMPETES Act which placed special emphasis on improving America's economic competitiveness by strengthening STEM education. The COMPETES Act specifically mentioned the importance of the PSM degree to the nation's overall competitiveness.[7] Additionally, a 2008 report issued by the National Research Council of the National Academies urged the continued expansion of the PSM degree. In 2009, the National Science Foundation, under the auspices of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, facilitated funding of twenty-two different PSM programs by appropriating funds for a Science Master's program.
