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→Gallery: Fixed typos
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Reverted 1 edit by 78.130.140.20 (talk): Rv
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| status = DD |
| status = DD |
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| status_system = IUCN3.1 |
| status_system = IUCN3.1 |
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| status_ref = <ref name=IUCN>{{cite iucn |author1=Kell, S.P. |author2=Wilson, B. |name-list-style=amp |title=''Prunus cerasifera'' |page=e.T172162A19401052 |year=2018 |access-date=1 May 2024}}</ref> |
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| genus = Prunus |
| genus = Prunus |
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| display_parents = 2 |
| display_parents = 2 |
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| synonyms = |
| synonyms = |
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{{Collapsible list |{{Plainlist | style = margin-left: 1em; text-indent: -1em; | |
{{Collapsible list |{{Plainlist | style = margin-left: 1em; text-indent: -1em; | |
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'''Selected synonyms''' |
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| ⚫ | *''Prunus cerasifera'' subsp. ''myrobalana'' <small>(L.) C.K.Schneid.</small> |
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*''Prunus divaricata'' <small>Ledeb.</small> |
*''Prunus divaricata'' <small>Ledeb.</small> |
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| ⚫ | *''Prunus domestica'' subsp. ''cerasifera'' <small> (Ehrh.) Arcang.</small> |
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*''Prunus mirobalanus'' <small>Poit. & Turpin</small> |
*''Prunus mirobalanus'' <small>Poit. & Turpin</small> |
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*''Prunus |
*''Prunus pissardii'' <small>Carrière</small> |
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*''Cerasus myrobalanos'' <small>hort.</small> |
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*''Prunus cerasifera'' subsp. ''myrobalana'' <small>(L.) C.K.Schneid.</small> |
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*''Prunus cyathicalyx'' <small>Ingram</small> |
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*''Prunus domestica'' var. '' |
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*''Prunus sogdiana'' <small>Vassilcz.</small> |
*''Prunus sogdiana'' <small>Vassilcz.</small> |
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| synonyms_ref = <ref name=POWO>{{cite web|url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:729568-1 |work=Plants of the World Online |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew |title=Prunus cerasifera Ehrh |access-date=1 March 2024 }}</ref> |
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*''Prunus pissardii''{{efn|''Prunus {{'}}pissardii{{'}}'' and ''Prunus {{'}}pissardii nigra{{'}}'' are cases of named cultivars being given binomial-style names}} <small>Carr.</small> |
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}} |
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| synonyms_ref = <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/rjp-44|title=The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species |access-date=27 January 2014}}</ref> |
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}} |
}} |
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'''''Prunus cerasifera''''' is a species of [[plum]] known by the common names '''cherry plum''' and '''myrobalan plum'''.<ref name=uconn>[http://www.hort.uconn.edu/plants/p/prucer/prucer1.html UConn Horticulture] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100414111109/http://www.hort.uconn.edu/plants/p/prucer/prucer1.html |date=14 April 2010 }}</ref> It is native to [[Southeast Europe]]<ref name=Stace/><ref>[http://luirig.altervista.org/flora/taxa/index1.php?scientific-name=prunus+cerasifera Altervista Flora Italiana, Prunus cerasifera Ehrh.] includes photos and European distribution map</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_JM_treatment.pl?6677,6866,6868|title=UC/JEPS: Jepson Manual treatment for ''Prunus cerasifera''|work=berkeley.edu}}</ref> and [[Western Asia]],<ref name=uconn/><ref>[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200011156 Flora of China, ''Prunus cerasifera'' Ehrhart, 1789. 樱桃李 ying tao li ]</ref> and is naturalised in the [[British Isles]]<ref name=Stace/> and scattered locations in North America.<ref>[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=200011156 Flora of North America, ''Prunus cerasifera'' Ehrhart, 1784. Cherry plum, myrobalan ]</ref><ref>{{cite web| |
'''''Prunus cerasifera''''' is a species of [[plum]] known by the common names '''cherry plum''' and '''myrobalan plum'''.<ref name=uconn>[http://www.hort.uconn.edu/plants/p/prucer/prucer1.html UConn Horticulture] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100414111109/http://www.hort.uconn.edu/plants/p/prucer/prucer1.html |date=14 April 2010 }}</ref> It is native to [[Southeast Europe]]<ref name=Stace/><ref>[http://luirig.altervista.org/flora/taxa/index1.php?scientific-name=prunus+cerasifera Altervista Flora Italiana, Prunus cerasifera Ehrh.] includes photos and European distribution map</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_JM_treatment.pl?6677,6866,6868|title=UC/JEPS: Jepson Manual treatment for ''Prunus cerasifera''|work=berkeley.edu}}</ref> and [[Western Asia]],<ref name=uconn/><ref>[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200011156 Flora of China, ''Prunus cerasifera'' Ehrhart, 1789. 樱桃李 ying tao li ]</ref> and is naturalised in the [[British Isles]]<ref name=Stace/> and scattered locations in North America.<ref>[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=200011156 Flora of North America, ''Prunus cerasifera'' Ehrhart, 1784. Cherry plum, myrobalan ]</ref><ref>{{cite web|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150627011531/http://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection.php?Genus=Prunus&Species=cerasifera|title=University of Washington Herbarium Image Collection - Burke Museum|work=washington.edu|url=http://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection.php?Genus=Prunus&Species=cerasifera |archive-date=2015-06-27 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.calflora.org/cgi-bin/species_query.cgi?where-calrecnum=6887|title=Calflora taxon report, University of California: ''Prunus cerasifera''|work=calflora.org}}</ref> Also naturalized in parts of SE Australia where it is considered to be a mildly invasive weed of bushland near urban centers. |
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P. cerasifera is believed to one of the parents of the Cultivated Plum, [[Prunus domestica]] perhaps crossing with the sloe, Prunus spinosa,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://gardenmuseum.org.uk/learning-september-plums/juicy-facts |title=All about plums – Juicy facts of ''Prunus domestica'' |last= |first= |date= |publisher=Garden Museum |access-date=1 March 2024 |quote=}}/</ref> or perhaps the sole parent.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF00022260 |title= Is the European plum, ''Prunus domestica'' L., a ''P. cerasifera'' EHRH. x ''P. spinosa'' L. allo-polyploid?|last= |first= |date= |publisher=Springer Nature |access-date=1 March 2024 |quote=}}</ref> This would make it a parent of most of the commercial varieties of plum in the UK and mainland Europe - Victoria, greengages, bullace etc. |
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==Description== |
==Description== |
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File:Śliwa wiśniowa (Prunus cerasifera).jpg|''Prunus cerasifera'' |
File:Śliwa wiśniowa (Prunus cerasifera).jpg|''Prunus cerasifera'' |
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File:My mother's cherry plum.JPG|Ripened fruits of ''Prunus cerasifera'' on the branch |
File:My mother's cherry plum.JPG|Ripened fruits of ''Prunus cerasifera'' on the branch |
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File:PrunusCerasifera0.jpg|''Prunus cerasifera'' flowers being |
File:PrunusCerasifera0.jpg|''Prunus cerasifera'' flowers being pollinated |
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File:Cherry plums.jpg|Ripened fruits of ''Prunus cerasifera'' |
File:Cherry plums.jpg|Ripened fruits of ''Prunus cerasifera'' |
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File:Prunus cerasifera LC0385.jpg|''Prunus cerasifera'' flowers |
File:Prunus cerasifera LC0385.jpg|''Prunus cerasifera'' flowers |
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File:PrunusCerasiferaBonsai.jpg|Prunus cerasifera bonsai ( |
File:PrunusCerasiferaBonsai.jpg|Prunus cerasifera bonsai (shohin size) |
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File:MirabellenblueteH2a.jpg|''Prunus cerasifera'' flower (close-up) |
File:MirabellenblueteH2a.jpg|''Prunus cerasifera'' flower (close-up) |
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</gallery> |
</gallery> |
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== See also == |
== See also == |
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* [[Prunus mahaleb]] |
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* [[Cotoneaster nummularius]] |
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* [[Aria edulis]] |
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* [[Rosa canina]] |
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* [[Pyrus elaeagrifolia]] |
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* [[Malus sylvestris]] |
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* [[Crataegus monogyna]] |
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* [[List of plum dishes]] |
* [[List of plum dishes]] |
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[[Category:Ornamental trees]] |
[[Category:Ornamental trees]] |
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[[Category:Flora of Europe]] |
[[Category:Flora of Europe]] |
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[[Category:Flora of Asia]] |
[[Category:Flora of temperate Asia]] |
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[[Category:Plants described in 1754]] |
[[Category:Plants described in 1754]] |
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[[Category:Fruit trees]] |
[[Category:Fruit trees]] |
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| Prunus cerasifera | |
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Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Rosales |
| Family: | Rosaceae |
| Genus: | Prunus |
| Subgenus: | Prunus subg. Prunus |
| Section: | Prunus sect. Prunus |
| Species: |
P. cerasifera
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| Binomial name | |
| Prunus cerasifera Ehrh. 1784 not Popov 1929 nor Lecoq & Lamotte 1848 | |
| Synonyms[2] | |
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List
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Prunus cerasifera is a species of plum known by the common names cherry plum and myrobalan plum.[3] It is native to Southeast Europe[4][5][6] and Western Asia,[3][7] and is naturalised in the British Isles[4] and scattered locations in North America.[8][9][10] Also naturalized in parts of SE Australia where it is considered to be a mildly invasive weed of bushland near urban centers. P. cerasifera is believed to one of the parents of the Cultivated Plum, Prunus domestica perhaps crossing with the sloe, Prunus spinosa,[11] or perhaps the sole parent.[12] This would make it a parent of most of the commercial varieties of plum in the UK and mainland Europe - Victoria, greengages, bullace etc.
Wild types are large shrubs or small trees reaching 8–12 m (25–40 feet) tall, sometimes spiny, with glabrous, ovate deciduous leaves 3–7 cm (1–3 in) long.[4]: 196 It is one of the first European trees to flower in spring,[4] often starting in mid-February before the leaves have opened. The flowers are white or pale pink and about 2 cm (3⁄4 in) across, with five petals and many stamens. The fruit is an edible drupe, 2–3 cm in diameter, ripening to yellow or red from early July to mid-September. They are self-fertile but can also be pollinated by other Prunus varieties such as the Victoria plum.[13] The plant propagates by seed or by suckering, and is often used as the rootstock for other Prunus species and cultivars.[4]
The cherry plum is a popular ornamental tree for garden and landscaping use, grown for its very early flowering. Numerous cultivars have been developed, many of them selected for purple foliage, such as P cerasifera var pissardii (Carrière) L.H. Bailey (P. 'Atropurpurea').[4][14] The cultivar 'Nigra' with black foliage and pink flowers, has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[15] Prunus × cistena (purple leaf sand cherry), a hybrid of Prunus cerasifera and Prunus pumila, the sand cherry, also won the Award of Garden Merit.[16] [17][18] These purple-foliage forms (often called 'purple-leaf plum'), also have dark purple fruit, which make an attractive, intensely coloured jam. They can have white or pink flowers. The cultivar 'Thundercloud' has bright red foliage which darkens purple.[19] Others, such as 'Lindsayae', have green foliage. Some kinds of purple-leaf plums are used for bonsai[14] and other forms of living sculpture.
Cultivated cherry plums can have fruits, foliage, and flowers in any of several colours. Some varieties have sweet fruits that can be eaten fresh, while others are sour and better for making jam. Cherry plums are a key ingredient in Georgian cuisine where they are used to produce tkemali sauce, as well as a number of popular dishes, such as kharcho soup and chakapuli stew. It is a popular tree in Romania where its fruits are used for souring soups when immature, for eating raw when ripened, and for making moonshine when overripe because of their high sugar content.
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