Merge from Plumber's putty following unopposed January proposal; see Talk:Putty#Suggest merge January 2021
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{{short description|Common material used as sealant or filler}} |
{{short description|Common material used as sealant or filler}} |
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{{About|the type of material|the software|PuTTY|other uses|Putty (disambiguation)}} |
{{About|the type of material|the software|PuTTY|other uses|Putty (disambiguation)}} |
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[[File:UFV Science Rocks (14720861332).jpg|thumb]] |
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[[File:Putty reentry.jpg|thumb|right|Intumescent firestop putty used in a successful [[fire test]], which led to a [[Underwriters Laboratories|UL]] [[certification listing]]]] |
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'''Putty''' is a material with high [[Plasticity (physics)|plasticity]], similar in texture to [[clay]] or [[dough]], typically used in domestic construction and repair as a sealant or filler. Although some types of putty (typically those using [[linseed oil]]) slowly polymerise and become stiff, many putties can be reworked indefinitely, in contrast to other types of filler which typically set solid relatively rapidly. |
'''Putty''' is a material with high [[Plasticity (physics)|plasticity]], similar in texture to [[clay]] or [[dough]], typically used in domestic construction and repair as a sealant or filler. Although some types of putty (typically those using [[linseed oil]]) slowly polymerise and become stiff, many putties can be reworked indefinitely, in contrast to other types of filler which typically set solid relatively rapidly. |
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== Chemical composition == |
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Putty, or [[Lime mortar|lime putty]], is made from a mixture of calcium oxide (CaO) and water (H<sub>2</sub>O) in proportions of 38% and 62% by weight respectively, as result, the solution forms hydrated lime (Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub>) which takes up about a half of the weight.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Hollis |first=Murray |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/60819915 |title=Practical straw bale building |date=2005 |publisher=Landlinks Press |isbn=0-643-09214-5 |location=Collingwood, Vic. |oclc=60819915}}</ref>{{Rp|page=59}} |
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Putty has been used extensively in [[glazing (window)|glazing]] for fixing and sealing panes of glass into wooden frames (or [[sash window|sashes]]), although its use is decreasing with the prevalence of [[polyvinyl chloride|PVC]] and metal window frames which use synthetic sealants such as [[silicone]]. Glazing putty is traditionally made by mixing a base of [[Calcium carbonate|whiting]] (finely ground [[chalk]]) with [[linseed oil]] in various proportions. Historically, [[white lead]] was sometimes mixed with the whiting.<ref>Paul N. Hasluck, Ed., [https:// |
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The other putty mixture may be a calcium carbonate (CaCO<sub>3,</sub> 750-850 parts) based with an admixture of CaO (ash calcium, 120-180 parts), white cement (40-60 parts), and talc powders in much lower concentrations (fractions).<ref>{{Cite patent|title=Putty Powder Formula|gdate=2019-03-21|invent1=Yao|inventor1-first=Boyu|url=https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2019051722#:~:text=Putty%20powder%20is%20characterized%20in,parts%20of%20bagasse%20fibers,%200.5}}</ref> |
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== Applications == |
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⚫ | Putty has been used extensively in [[glazing (window)|glazing]] for fixing and sealing panes of glass into wooden frames (or [[sash window|sashes]]), although its use is decreasing with the prevalence of [[polyvinyl chloride|PVC]] and metal window frames which use synthetic sealants such as [[silicone]]. Glazing putty is traditionally made by mixing a base of [[Calcium carbonate|whiting]] (finely ground [[chalk]]) with [[linseed oil]] in various proportions. Historically, [[white lead]] was sometimes mixed with the whiting.<ref>Paul N. Hasluck, Ed., [https://books.google.com/books?id=NChRAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA439 The Handyman's Enquire Within], Cassel and Co., 1908; page 439.</ref> There are a number of synthetic alternatives such as [[polybutene]]-based putties, where the polybutene is a low [[molecular mass|molecular weight]] [[oligomer]] replacing the [[linseed oil]]. [[Butyl rubber]] is also added to the mixture to provide some strength and flexibility. |
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Painter's putty is typically a [[linseed oil]]-based product used for filling holes, minor cracks, and defacements in wood only. |
Painter's putty is typically a [[linseed oil]]-based product used for filling holes, minor cracks, and defacements in wood only. |
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In [[woodworking]], water-based putties are more commonly used, as these emit very little odour, are more easily cleaned up and are compatible with water-based and latex sealers. |
In [[woodworking]], water-based putties are more commonly used, as these emit very little odour, are more easily cleaned up and are compatible with water-based and latex sealers. |
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===Two-part hardening putties=== |
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⚫ | [[Polyester resin#Unsaturated polyester|Polyester]] putty and [[epoxy putty]] are [[thermosetting polymer]]s that can be molded by hand, but become permanently rigid after curing. [[Pratley Putty]] is an epoxy putty used primarily for steel bonding. [[Milliput]] is another popular multipurpose epoxy putty. [[Bondo (putty)|Bondo]] is a polyester-based automotive body filler, which is commonly used in collision repair. |
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[[Polyester]] putty and [[epoxy putty]] are |
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===Plumber's putty=== |
===Plumber's putty=== |
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'''Plumber's putty''' is the common name encompassing a variety of products of completely different compositions, all used for making watertight seals in [[plumbing]].<ref name="Peters 2003 p. 21">{{cite book | last=Peters | first=R. | title=Plumbing Basics | publisher=Sterling Publishing Company, Incorporated | series=Basics Series | year=2003 | isbn=978-1-4027-1121-3 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gonKHq8l21YC&pg=PA21 | access-date=2021-05-02 | page=21}}</ref><ref name="Peters 2006 p. 79">{{cite book | last=Peters | first=R. | title=Home How-to Handbook: Plumbing | publisher=Sterling Pub. |
'''Plumber's putty''' is the common name encompassing a variety of products of completely different compositions, all used for making watertight seals in [[plumbing]].<ref name="Peters 2003 p. 21">{{cite book | last=Peters | first=R. | title=Plumbing Basics | publisher=Sterling Publishing Company, Incorporated | series=Basics Series | year=2003 | isbn=978-1-4027-1121-3 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gonKHq8l21YC&pg=PA21 | access-date=2021-05-02 | page=21}}</ref><ref name="Peters 2006 p. 79">{{cite book | last=Peters | first=R. | title=Home How-to Handbook: Plumbing | publisher=Sterling Pub. | year=2006 | isbn=978-1-4027-4196-8 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iy2mBhvrrLwC&pg=PA79 | access-date=2021-05-02 | page=79}}</ref> It is a pliable substance used to make watertight seals around faucets and drains. The putty is a basic component of a plumber's toolkit and is often used when replacing plumbing fixtures. Plumber's putty formulations vary but commonly include powdered [[clay]] and [[linseed oil]]. Other formulas use [[limestone]], [[talc]], or [[fish oil]]. [[RTV silicone]] or [[epoxy]] sealants may be used in place of putty. |
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Plumber's putty contains [[mineral oil]]s and/or [[vegetable oil]]s so it can stain porous materials such as marble or some plastics.<ref name="Frechette 2004 p. 144">{{cite book | last=Frechette | first=L.A. | title=Remodeling a Bathroom | publisher=Taunton Press | series=Build Like a Pro Series | year=2004 | isbn=978-1-56158-621-9 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qhUFJsXWyNsC&pg=PA144 | access-date=2021-05-02 | page=144}}</ref> |
Plumber's putty contains [[mineral oil]]s and/or [[vegetable oil]]s so it can stain porous materials such as marble or some plastics.<ref name="Frechette 2004 p. 144">{{cite book | last=Frechette | first=L.A. | title=Remodeling a Bathroom | publisher=Taunton Press | series=Build Like a Pro Series | year=2004 | isbn=978-1-56158-621-9 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qhUFJsXWyNsC&pg=PA144 | access-date=2021-05-02 | page=144}}</ref> The oils can also react chemically with some plastics, slowly making them brittle.<ref>{{cite web |title=How To Use Plumbers Putty |url=https://bestplumbersclub.com/plumbing-guides/how-to-use-plumbers-putty/ |website=Best Plumbers Club |language=en-AU |date=29 November 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Team |first1=Two Make a Home |title=Can plumber's putty be used on plastic? |url=https://twomakeahome.com/can-plumbers-putty-be-used-on-plastic/ |website=Two Make a Home |language=en-us |date=1 December 2021}}</ref> |
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==Other uses== |
=== Other uses === |
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Certain types of putty also have use in the field of [[terminal ballistics]], where the putty can accurately represent the average density of the human body. As such it can be used, for instance, to test the penetrative power of [[projectile]]s, or the stopping power of [[bulletproof vest|body armour]]. |
Certain types of putty also have use in the field of [[terminal ballistics]], where the putty can accurately represent the average density of the human body. As such it can be used, for instance, to test the penetrative power of [[projectile]]s, or the stopping power of [[bulletproof vest|body armour]]. |
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[[Modeling clay]] and play putty, such as [[Plasticine]] and [[Silly Putty]] are common [[toy]]s |
[[Modeling clay]] and play putty, such as [[Plasticine]] and [[Silly Putty]] are common [[toy]]s. |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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* [[Spackling paste]] |
* [[Spackling paste]] |
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* [[Wood putty]] |
* [[Wood putty]] |
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* [[Whitewash]] |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{Commons category|Putty}} |
{{Commons category|Putty}} |
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* {{cite EB1911 |wstitle=Putty |volume=22 |short=x}} |
* {{cite EB1911 |wstitle=Putty |volume=22 |short=x}} |
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* [http://wiki.diyfaq.org.uk/index.php?title=Putty_%26_Mastic Putty & Mastic] at wiki.DIY FAQ.org.uk |
* [http://wiki.diyfaq.org.uk/index.php?title=Putty_%26_Mastic Putty & Mastic] at wiki.DIY FAQ.org.uk |
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{{Template:Plumbing}} |
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{{Authority control}} |
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[[Category:Materials]] |
[[Category:Materials]] |
Putty is a material with high plasticity, similar in texture to clayordough, typically used in domestic construction and repair as a sealant or filler. Although some types of putty (typically those using linseed oil) slowly polymerise and become stiff, many putties can be reworked indefinitely, in contrast to other types of filler which typically set solid relatively rapidly.
Putty, or lime putty, is made from a mixture of calcium oxide (CaO) and water (H2O) in proportions of 38% and 62% by weight respectively, as result, the solution forms hydrated lime (Ca(OH)2) which takes up about a half of the weight.[1]: 59
The other putty mixture may be a calcium carbonate (CaCO3, 750-850 parts) based with an admixture of CaO (ash calcium, 120-180 parts), white cement (40-60 parts), and talc powders in much lower concentrations (fractions).[2]
Putty has been used extensively in glazing for fixing and sealing panes of glass into wooden frames (orsashes), although its use is decreasing with the prevalence of PVC and metal window frames which use synthetic sealants such as silicone. Glazing putty is traditionally made by mixing a base of whiting (finely ground chalk) with linseed oil in various proportions. Historically, white lead was sometimes mixed with the whiting.[3] There are a number of synthetic alternatives such as polybutene-based putties, where the polybutene is a low molecular weight oligomer replacing the linseed oil. Butyl rubber is also added to the mixture to provide some strength and flexibility.
Painter's putty is typically a linseed oil-based product used for filling holes, minor cracks, and defacements in wood only.
Putties can also be made intumescent, in which case they are used for firestopping as well as for padding of electrical outlet boxesinfire-resistance rated drywall assemblies. In the latter case, hydrates in the putty produce an endothermic reaction to mitigate heat transfer to the unexposed side.
Inwoodworking, water-based putties are more commonly used, as these emit very little odour, are more easily cleaned up and are compatible with water-based and latex sealers.
Polyester putty and epoxy putty are thermosetting polymers that can be molded by hand, but become permanently rigid after curing. Pratley Putty is an epoxy putty used primarily for steel bonding. Milliput is another popular multipurpose epoxy putty. Bondo is a polyester-based automotive body filler, which is commonly used in collision repair.
Plumber's putty is the common name encompassing a variety of products of completely different compositions, all used for making watertight seals in plumbing.[4][5] It is a pliable substance used to make watertight seals around faucets and drains. The putty is a basic component of a plumber's toolkit and is often used when replacing plumbing fixtures. Plumber's putty formulations vary but commonly include powdered clay and linseed oil. Other formulas use limestone, talc, or fish oil. RTV siliconeorepoxy sealants may be used in place of putty.
Plumber's putty contains mineral oils and/or vegetable oils so it can stain porous materials such as marble or some plastics.[6] The oils can also react chemically with some plastics, slowly making them brittle.[7][8]
Certain types of putty also have use in the field of terminal ballistics, where the putty can accurately represent the average density of the human body. As such it can be used, for instance, to test the penetrative power of projectiles, or the stopping power of body armour.
Modeling clay and play putty, such as Plasticine and Silly Putty are common toys.
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