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'''Raja Sangram Shah |
'''Raja Sangram Shah Madavi''' was a king of the [[Garha Kingdom]] of [[Gondwana Kingdom|Gondwana]], in the state of [[Madhya Pradesh]], [[India]]. Raja Sangram Shah, who belonged to the [[Gondwana Kingdom|Gond Dynasty]] in central India, was the 48th and most well known ruler of the dynasty,<ref name="thakur gonds"/><ref name= "Chandela">{{Cite book|last=Dikshit|first=R. K.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=a9j9ZJGJOV0C&dq=dalpat+shah+akbarnama+pp.+326&pg=PA8|title=The Candellas of Jejākabhukti|date=1976|publisher=Abhinav Publications|isbn=978-81-7017-046-4|language=en}}</ref> and during his reign he had conquered 52 forts to strengthen his kingdom. The Chouragarh Fort in [[Narsinghpur]] was built in his honour for conquering 52 forts. |
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His eldest son, raja [[Dalpat Shah |
His eldest son, raja [[Dalpat Shah Madavi]], married [[Rani Durgavati]].<ref name="goddess">{{cite book |last1=Datta |first1=Saurav Ranjan |title=Goddesses of Fury: History's Most Daring Queens |publisher=The Little Booktique Hub |isbn=978-93-93209-19-1 |page=151 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xDpTEAAAQBAJ&dq=Dalpat+Shah&pg=PA151 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="women">{{cite book |last1=Gupta |first1=Archana Garodia |title=The Women Who Ruled India: Leaders. Warriors. Icons. |date=20 April 2019 |publisher=Hachette India |isbn=978-93-5195-153-7 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4XuLDwAAQBAJ&dq=Dalpat+Shah&pg=PT67 |language=en}}</ref> |
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==Early life== |
==Early life== |
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Raja Sangram Shah madavi was born as Aman Das, elder son of the king of [[Garha Kingdom|Garha-Mandla]].<ref name= "goddess"/><ref name= "women"/> |
Raja Sangram Shah madavi was born as Aman Das, elder son of the king of [[Garha Kingdom|Garha-Mandla]].<ref name= "goddess"/><ref name= "women"/> |
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[[Abul Fazl]] tells a tale as follows- He was born as Aman Das |
[[Abul Fazl]] tells a tale as follows- He was born as Aman Das, elder son of the king Arjun Das of [[Garha Kingdom|Garha-Mandla]]. He was later awarded the title of Sangram Shah by [[Sultan]] [[Bahadur Shah of Gujarat]], for helping him in conquering [[Raisen district|Raisen]].<ref name="misra"/><ref name= "women"/> Sangram Shah had been a self-indulging youth, whom his father had locked up to save him from himself. However, raja Sangram Shah managed to escape and enlisted himself in the service of [[Rewa State|Birsingh Deo]], the [[Baghelkhand|Baghela]] ''raja'' of [[Rewa State|Rewa]], who adopted him. While Birsingh Deo was away in [[Delhi Sultanate|Delhi]] serving [[Sikandar Lodi]], raja Sangram Shah heard that his father was planning to place his younger brother on the throne. He went to his mother's palace stealthily, killed his father and declared himself king. Thakur [[Rewa State|Birsingh Deo of Rewa]] was horrified and invaded Garha to punish him. Raja Sangram Shah was in no condition to fight against the Baghela forces; hence he pleaded that he had already lost a father and did not want to lose another, somehow convincing the Baghela raja of the sincerity of his repentance. [[Abul Fazl]] says- "raja Aman Das wept continually and expressed his abhorrence of himself for his evil action."<ref name= "women"/> |
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==Reign== |
==Reign== |
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After |
After Birsingh Deo left raja Sangram Shah to himself, he started his conquest at the beginning of the 1500s. legends say that as soon he become king he left his capital garha for 22 years to expand his kingdom .He was a brave and mighty king and won many battles and never get defeated his whole life during his time.<ref name= "goddess"/> Garha-Mandla, which had been a petty chiefdom till this point, was massively expanded by him to include 70,000 villages, 57 pargana and 52 forts.<ref name= "goddess"/><ref name= "women"/> It is written about him in the Ramnagar inscription "Hewas to his enemies like a devastating firetocotton bales"(वह अपने शत्रुओं के लिए वैसा ही था जैसे कपास की पुंज के लिए प्रलयंकारी अग्नि)<ref name= "women"/> his kingdom soon bordered a [[Rajput]] kingdom called Mahoba, ruled by a king of the [[Chandelas of Jejakabhukti|Chandela dynasty]], Keerat Rai. They conducted a marriage between raja Sangram Shah's son [[Dalpat Shah]] and Keerat Rai's daughter [[Rani Durgavati|Durgavati]], which could be a political alliance.<ref name="thakur gonds"/><ref name= "goddess"/> Many tales say that Keerat Rai was not willing to marry his beautiful and skilled daughter to a [[Gondi people|Gond]] man ([[Dalpat Shah]]), but the alliance helped him negotiate the invasion of [[Sher Shah Suri]] successfully.<ref name= "goddess"/> Sangram Shah was best known as a patron of arts and literature and he had great knowledge of Sanskrit. "Rasratnamala" was written by him.<ref name="misra">{{cite book |last1=Miśra |first1=Sureśa |title=Tribal Ascendancy in Central India: The Gond Kingdom of Garha |date=2007 |publisher=Manak Publications |isbn=978-81-7827-185-9 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R4MMAQAAMAAJ&q=Rasratnamala |language=en}}</ref> While touring [[Central India]], [[Bhanudatta Misra]], author of the ''Rasamanjari'', attended the court of Thakur Sangram Shah and sang his praises.<ref name="vani">{{cite book |last1=Jhā |first1=Ramānātha |title=Ācārya Ramānātha Jhā racanāvalī |date=2010 |publisher=Vāṇī Prakāśana |isbn=978-93-5000-210-0 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=opCiLyXHgs8C&dq=Sangram+Shah&pg=PA82 |language=hi}}</ref> |
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==Succession== |
==Succession== |
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Raja Sangram Shah madavi was succeeded by his son [[Dalpat Shah|raja Dalpat Shah madavi]], who would be in turn succeeded by his widow [[Rani Durgavati|Durgavati]] after a short reign.<ref name="thakur gonds"/><ref name= "Chandela"/><ref name= "goddess"/><ref name= "women"/> [[Rani Durgavati]] would further increase Garha's prestige, but would not embark on an aggressive conquest like raja Sangram Shah, instead opting to remain on the defense in case of any conflict.<ref name= "goddess"/><ref name= "women"/> He also had another son named raja Chandra Shah, brother of [[Dalpat Shah|Thakur Dalpat Shah]], to whom the kingdom was restored after 25 years of [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] rule and was recognized as the successor of [[Rani Durgavati]] by [[Akbar]].<ref name="thakur gonds"/> |
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==References== |
==References== |
Sangram Shah | |
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King of the Gondwana Kingdom | |
Reign | 1488 – 1541[1] |
Predecessor | Raja Arjun Singh |
Successor | Dalpat Shah |
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Issue |
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House | Rajgond |
Religion | Gondi(koyapunam) |
Raja Sangram Shah Madavi was a king of the Garha KingdomofGondwana, in the state of Madhya Pradesh, India. Raja Sangram Shah, who belonged to the Gond Dynasty in central India, was the 48th and most well known ruler of the dynasty,[1][2] and during his reign he had conquered 52 forts to strengthen his kingdom. The Chouragarh Fort in Narsinghpur was built in his honour for conquering 52 forts.
His eldest son, raja Dalpat Shah Madavi, married Rani Durgavati.[3][4]
Raja Sangram Shah madavi was born as Aman Das, elder son of the king of Garha-Mandla.[3][4]
Abul Fazl tells a tale as follows- He was born as Aman Das, elder son of the king Arjun Das of Garha-Mandla. He was later awarded the title of Sangram Shah by Sultan Bahadur Shah of Gujarat, for helping him in conquering Raisen.[5][4] Sangram Shah had been a self-indulging youth, whom his father had locked up to save him from himself. However, raja Sangram Shah managed to escape and enlisted himself in the service of Birsingh Deo, the Baghela rajaofRewa, who adopted him. While Birsingh Deo was away in Delhi serving Sikandar Lodi, raja Sangram Shah heard that his father was planning to place his younger brother on the throne. He went to his mother's palace stealthily, killed his father and declared himself king. Thakur Birsingh Deo of Rewa was horrified and invaded Garha to punish him. Raja Sangram Shah was in no condition to fight against the Baghela forces; hence he pleaded that he had already lost a father and did not want to lose another, somehow convincing the Baghela raja of the sincerity of his repentance. Abul Fazl says- "raja Aman Das wept continually and expressed his abhorrence of himself for his evil action."[4]
After Birsingh Deo left raja Sangram Shah to himself, he started his conquest at the beginning of the 1500s. legends say that as soon he become king he left his capital garha for 22 years to expand his kingdom .He was a brave and mighty king and won many battles and never get defeated his whole life during his time.[3] Garha-Mandla, which had been a petty chiefdom till this point, was massively expanded by him to include 70,000 villages, 57 pargana and 52 forts.[3][4] It is written about him in the Ramnagar inscription "He was to his enemies like a devastating fire to cotton bales"(वह अपने शत्रुओं के लिए वैसा ही था जैसे कपास की पुंज के लिए प्रलयंकारी अग्नि)[4] his kingdom soon bordered a Rajput kingdom called Mahoba, ruled by a king of the Chandela dynasty, Keerat Rai. They conducted a marriage between raja Sangram Shah's son Dalpat Shah and Keerat Rai's daughter Durgavati, which could be a political alliance.[1][3] Many tales say that Keerat Rai was not willing to marry his beautiful and skilled daughter to a Gond man (Dalpat Shah), but the alliance helped him negotiate the invasion of Sher Shah Suri successfully.[3] Sangram Shah was best known as a patron of arts and literature and he had great knowledge of Sanskrit. "Rasratnamala" was written by him.[5] While touring Central India, Bhanudatta Misra, author of the Rasamanjari, attended the court of Thakur Sangram Shah and sang his praises.[6]
Raja Sangram Shah madavi was succeeded by his son raja Dalpat Shah madavi, who would be in turn succeeded by his widow Durgavati after a short reign.[1][2][3][4] Rani Durgavati would further increase Garha's prestige, but would not embark on an aggressive conquest like raja Sangram Shah, instead opting to remain on the defense in case of any conflict.[3][4] He also had another son named raja Chandra Shah, brother of Thakur Dalpat Shah, to whom the kingdom was restored after 25 years of Mughal rule and was recognized as the successor of Rani DurgavatibyAkbar.[1]
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