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{{chembox |
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| Watchedfields = changed |
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| verifiedrevid = 464404070 |
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| ImageFile=sodium stearate.png |
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| ImageSize=250px |
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| IUPACName=sodium octadecanoate |
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| OtherNames= sodium octadecanoate |
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|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers |
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| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} |
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| ChemSpiderID = 12639 |
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| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}} |
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| UNII = QU7E2XA9TG |
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| InChI = 1/C18H36O2.Na/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18(19)20;/h2-17H2,1H3,(H,19,20);/q;+1/p-1 |
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| InChIKey = RYYKJJJTJZKILX-REWHXWOFAA |
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| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} |
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| StdInChI = 1S/C18H36O2.Na/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18(19)20;/h2-17H2,1H3,(H,19,20);/q;+1/p-1 |
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| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} |
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| StdInChIKey = RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M |
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| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}} |
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| CASNo=822-16-2 |
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| PubChem=2724691 |
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| SMILES = [Na+].[O-]C(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC |
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| EINECS = 212-490-5 |
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}} |
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|Section2={{Chembox Properties |
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| C=18|H=35|Na=1|O=2 |
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| Appearance= Yellow/white solid |
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| Odor = slight, tallow-like odor |
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| Density= 1.02 g/cm<sup>3</sup> |
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| MeltingPtC= 245 to 255 |
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| BoilingPt= |
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| Solubility= soluble |
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| SolubleOther = slightly soluble in [[ethanediol]] |
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}} |
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|Section3={{Chembox Hazards |
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| MainHazards= |
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| FlashPtC = 176 |
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| AutoignitionPtC = |
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| NFPA-H = 2 |
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| NFPA-F = 1 |
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| NFPA-R = 0 |
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}} |
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}} |
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'''Sodium stearate''' is the [[sodium]] [[salt (chemistry)|salt]] of [[stearic acid]]. This white solid is the most common [[soap]]. It is found in many types of solid [[deodorant]]s, rubbers, latex paints, and inks. It is also a component of some food additives and food flavorings.<ref>Klaus Schumann, Kurt Siekmann, "Soaps" in ''Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry'', 2005 Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. {{DOI|10.1002/14356007.a24_247}}</ref> |
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==Use== |
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Characteristic of [[soap]]s, sodium stearate has both [[hydrophilic]] and [[hydrophobic]] parts, the carboxylate and the long hydrocarbon chain, respectively. These two chemically different components induce the formation of [[micelle]]s, which present the hydrophilic heads outwards and their hydrophobic (hydrocarbon) tails inwards, providing a lipophilic environment for hydrophobic compounds.The tail part dissolves the grease (or) dirt and forms the micelle. It is also used in the pharmaceutical industry as a [[surfactant]] to aid the solubility of hydrophobic compounds in the production of various mouth foams. |
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==Production== |
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Sodium stearate is produced as a major component of soap upon [[saponification]] of oils and fats. The percentage of the sodium stearate depends on the ingredient fats. [[Tallow]] is especially high in stearic acid content (as the [[triglyceride]]), whereas most fats only contain a few percent. The idealized equation for the formation of sodium stearate from stearin (the triglyceride of stearic acid) follows: |
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:(C<sub>18</sub>H<sub>35</sub>O<sub>2</sub>)<sub>3</sub>C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>5</sub> + 3 NaOH → C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>5</sub>(OH)<sub>3</sub> + 3 C<sub>18</sub>H<sub>35</sub>O<sub>2</sub>Na |
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Purified sodium stearate can be made by neutralizing [[stearic acid]] with sodium hydroxide. |
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==References== |
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<references/> |
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==External links== |
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* [http://physchem.ox.ac.uk/MSDS/SO/sodium_stearate.html Safety Data] |
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[[Category:Sodium compounds]] |
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[[Category:Stearates]] |
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[[Category:Soaps]] |
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[[Category:Anionic surfactants]] |
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