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Template:Syrian civil war infobox






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This is an old revision of this page, as edited by Denarivs (talk | contribs)at21:50, 24 February 2017 (not noteworthy). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.
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Syrian Civil War
Part of the Arab Spring, the Arab Winter, the spillover of the Iraqi Civil War, Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict

Current military situation: Red: Syrian Government, Green: Syrian Opposition, Yellow: Rojava (SDF), Grey: Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant,
White: Tahrir al-Sham (formerly known as the al-Nusra Front)
For a more detailed map, see Cities and towns during the Syrian Civil War. The map above was last updated on 12 February 2017.
Date15 March 2011 (2011-03-15) – present
(13 years, 3 months and 4 weeks)
Location
Syria (with spillovers in neighboring countries)
Status Ongoing
Territorial
changes		 As of January 2017: the government held 34% of Syria (65.5% of the population); ISIL-held territory constituted 33% of Syria (9.5% of the population); 20% controlled by the Kurds (12.5% of the population); 13% held by rebel groups (including the al-Nusra front; 12.5% of the population)[10]
Main belligerents
  • National Defence Forces
  • Ba'ath Brigades

    • Allied groups

     Iran (from 2013)
    Hezbollah (from 2013)
     Russia (from 2015)
     Iraq[1][2]

    Support:
  • Jaysh al-Islam
  • Islamic Front (2013–15)

    •  Turkey[b] (from 2016)

    Support:

    Ahrar al-Sham

    Support:

    Army of Conquest (2015–17)

    File:Hayat Tahrir al-Sham flag.jpg Tahrir al-Sham (from 2017; formerly the al-Nusra Front)

     Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (from 2013)[5][6][7]

     Rojava (SDF)
    (from 2012)
  • YPJ
  • JaT
  • MFS
  • IFB

    • Support:

    CJTF–OIR
    (from 2014)
    United States
     France[8]
     United Kingdom
     Belgium
     Netherlands
     Australia
     Jordan

    Former
    participants:

    Commanders and leaders
    (President of Syria)
  • Fahd Jassem al-Freij
    (Minister of Defense)
  • Ali Abdullah Ayyoub
    (Chief of Staff of the Army)
  • Issam Hallaq
    (Chief of Staff of the Air Force)
  • Issam Zahreddine
    (Major General of the Republican Guard)
  • Maher al-Assad (WIA)
    (Commander of the Republican Guard)[11]
  • Suheil Al Hassan
    (Chief Commander of the Tiger Forces)
  • Ali Mamlouk
    (Director of the National Security Bureau)
  • Rafiq Shahadah
    (Head of the Military Intelligence Directorate)
  • Hassan Nasrallah
    (Secretary General of Hezbollah)
  • Ali Khamenei
    (Supreme Leader of Iran)
  • Qasem Soleimani
    (Commander of Quds Force)
  • Vladimir Putin
    (President of Russia)

    • KIA:
    (Commander of the Southern Front)
  • Jamal Maarouf
    (former commander of the SRF; 2012–14)
  • Ahmed Issa al-Sheikh[23]
    (Leader of the Islamic Front)
  • Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
    (President of Turkey)
    Turkey Lt. Gen. Zekai Aksakallı[24]
    (Operations chief commander)

    • KIA:

    (Leader of Ahrar al-Sham)

    KIA:

  • File:Hayat Tahrir al-Sham flag.jpg Abu Mohammad al-Julani
    (Military commander of Tahrir al-Sham)[30]

    • KIA:
    (Caliph of ISIL)[36][37]
  • Gulmurod Khalimov
    (Minister of War) [38]
  • Abu Fatima al-Jaheishi
    (Deputy Leader)
  • Abu Muhammad al-Shimali
    (Senior Leader)

    • KIA:
  • Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria Îlham Ehmed (Co-chairperson of the MSD)
  • Salih Muhammad
    (Co-President of the PYD)
  • Asya Abdullah
    (Co-President of the PYD)
  • Talal Selo
    (SPOX of the SDF)
  • Sipan Hemo
    (Commander of the YPG)
    • United States Army Stephen J. Townsend[52]
    (Commander of CJTF-OIR)
    Strength

    Syrian Armed Forces: 178,000[53]
    General Security Directorate: 8,000[54]
    National Defense Force: 80,000[55]
    Hezbollah: 6,000–8,000[56]
    Ba'ath Brigades: 7,000
    Russia: 4,000 troops[57] and 1,000 contractors[58]
    Iran: 3,000–5,000[56][59]

    Other allied groups: 15,500+

    FSA: 40,000–50,000[60]
    Islamic Front: 40,000–70,000[61]
    Fatah Halab:[a] ~25,000–32,000[62][63][64][65]
    Other groups: 12,500[66]

    Tahrir al-Sham: 31,000+[67]

    Allied groups: 8,500+    		 15,000–20,000 (U.S. claim, late 2016)[68]

    SDF: 50,000+[69][70]

    • YPG and YPJ: 57,000–60,000[71][72]
      (most, not all, part of the SDF)
    • Syriac Military Council: 2,000
    • Army of Revolutionaries: 3,000
    Casualties and losses

    Syrian Government:
    60,309–95,309 soldiers killed[73][74]
    42,627–56,627 militiamen killed[73][74]
    4,500 soldiers and militiamen and 1,500 supporters captured[73]
    Hezbollah:
    1,387–1,600 killed[73][75]
    Russia Russia:
    29soldiers[76] and 13–19 contractors killed[77]

    Other non-Syrian fighters:
    5,330 killed[73]( 472)[78]

    108,159–139,159 fighters killed[c][73][74]
    979 killed during protests[79]

    Turkey Turkey:
    71 soldiers killed (2016 ground incursion)[80]    		 ISIL:
    11,522+ killed (per SOHR)[81]
    20,711+ killed (per YPG and SAA)[82][83]

    Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria Rojava:
    3,613 killed[84][85]

    CJTF–OIR:
    3 killed[86][87][88]

    90,506[73]–103,648[89] (3,284 foreign; mostly Palestinian) civilian deaths documented by opposition
    88 other foreign soldiers killed
    (Lebanon 48, Iraq 16, Turkey 17, Jordan7)

    Total killed:
    312,001–437,363 (December 2016 SOHR estimate)[73]
    470,000 (February 2016 SCPR estimate)[90]

    Over 7,600,000 internally displaced (July 2015 UNHCR estimate)

    Over 4,800,000 refugees (August 2016 estimate NRC Handelsblad)[91]; over 4,000,000 (July 2015 UNHCR estimate)[92][93][94]

    a Fatah Halab (English: Aleppo Conquest) also includes groups from the FSA.
    b Only in Aleppo governorate against the SDF and ISIL but not against the Syrian government
    c From September to November 2016, the United States also fought alongside a rebel contingent solely against ISIL, not against the Syrian government or the SDF.[95][96]

    d Number includes Kurdish and ISIL fighters, whose deaths are also listed in their separate columns.[97][73]

    References

    1. ^ Kalin, Stephen (27 September 2015). "Iraq says Russia, Iran, Syria cooperating on security issues in Baghdad". Reuters. Retrieved 25 August 2016.
  • ^ "Iraqi PM says he ordered air force to strike ISIS targets in Syria – statement". RT. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
  • ^ Bodeen, Christopher (8 August 2016). "Chinese Admiral Visits Syria in Show of Support". Associated Press. Retrieved 10 December 2016.
  • ^ "U.S. weapons reaching Syrian rebels". Washington Post. 11 September 2013.
  • ^ "ISI Confirms That Jabhat Al-Nusra Is Its Extension in Syria, Declares 'Islamic State of Iraq And Al-Sham' As New Name of Merged Group". MEMRI. 8 April 2013. Retrieved 10 April 2013.
  • ^ "Key Free Syria Army rebel 'killed by Islamist group'". BBC News. 12 July 2013.
  • ^ "Al-Qaeda in Iraq confirms Syria's Nusra Front is part of its network". Al Arabiya. 9 April 2013. Retrieved 15 June 2014.
  • ^ "France Says Its Airstrikes Hit an ISIS Camp in Syria". The New York Times. 28 September 2015.
  • ^ Barton, Rosemary (26 November 2015). "Justin Trudeau to pull fighter jets, keep other military planes in ISIS fight". CBC News. Retrieved 12 September 2016.
  • ^ "Who's who in the Syria conflict". Retrieved 21 January 2017.
  • ^ "Syria: Bashar al-Assad's brother Maher 'loses leg". The Daily Telegraph. August 2012.
  • ^ "Leading Syrian regime figures killed in Damascus bomb attack". The Guardian. July 2012.
  • ^ "Syria defence minister killed in Damascus bomb". The Daily Telegraph. 18 July 2012. Retrieved 18 July 2012.
  • ^ "Syria Remains Silent on Intelligence Official's Death". The New York Times. 24 April 2015.
  • ^ "Assad cousin killed in Syria's Latakia". Al Jazeera. 8 October 2015. Retrieved 24 April 2014.
  • ^ "Iranian commander Brigadier General Hossein Hamedani killed by Isis while advising Syrian regime". The Independent. 8 October 2015. Retrieved 31 August 2016.
  • ^ "Iranian General Is Killed in Syria". The Wall Street Journal. 13 February 2013. Retrieved 31 August 2016.
  • ^ "Commander of Hezbollah Freed by Israel Is Killed in Syria". BBC. 20 December 2015. Retrieved 31 August 2016.
  • ^ "Obituary: Hezbollah military commander Mustafa Badreddine". BBC. 14 May 2016. Retrieved 31 August 2016.
  • ^ "Al-Nusra Front claims responsibility for Hezbollah fighters' death". Middle East Monitor. 19 January 2015. Retrieved 31 August 2016.
  • ^ "Israeli strike on Syrian Golan Heights 'kills son of top military commander and five other fighters from Lebanese Shiite militant group'". Daily Mail. 19 January 2015. Retrieved 31 August 2016.
  • ^ "Analysis: Shiite Afghan casualties of the war in Syria". Long War Journal. 12 March 2015. Retrieved 31 August 2016.
  • ^ a b "Leading Syrian rebel groups form new Islamic Front". BBC. 22 November 2013. Retrieved 22 January 2014.
  • ^ Turkish Special Forces: From stopping a coup to the frontline of the ISIL fight Hürriyet Daily News, 24 August 2016.
  • ^ "Russian raids kill prominent Syrian rebel commander". Al Jazeera.
  • ^ "Top Syrian rebel commander dies from wounds". Reuters.
  • ^ "Death of 'ISIL commander' in southern Syria a blow to the group". The National.
  • ^ "Suicide bombing kills head of Syrian rebel group". The Daily Star.
  • ^ "Al Qaeda's chief representative in Syria killed in suicide attack". Long War Journal.
  • ^ Nic Robertson; Paul Cruickshank (5 March 2015). "Source: Syrian warplanes kill leaders of al-Nusra". CNN. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |lastauthoramp= ignored (|name-list-style= suggested) (help)
  • ^ "Senior Nusra Front commander killed in Syria air strike". Al Jazeera. 6 March 2015. Retrieved 3 June 2015.
  • ^ "Nusra Front spokesman killed by air strike in Syria". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 4 April 2016.
  • ^ "Syria's Qaeda spokesman, 20 jihadists dead in strikes: monitor". Yahoo!. Retrieved 4 April 2016.
  • ^ "Air strike kills top commander of former Nusra group in Syria". Reuters. 9 September 2016.
  • ^ "Leader of Qaeda Cell in Syria, Muhsin al-Fadhli, Is Killed in Airstrike, U.S. Says". The New York Times.
  • ^ "Isis leader incapacitated with suspected spinal injuries after air strike". The Guardian. 1 May 2015.
  • ^ "U.S. Condemns Terrorist Attacks in Iraq and Pledges to Help Combat al Qaeda". United States Department of State. 10 August 2013.
  • ^ "Isis: US-trained Tajik special forces chief Gulmurod Khalimov becomes Isis war minister". Yahoo News. 6 September 2016.
  • ^ "ISIS confirms death of senior leader in Syria". Long War Journal. February 2014. Retrieved 16 September 2016.
  • ^ Alessandria Masi (11 November 2014). "If ISIS Leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi Is Killed, Who Is Caliph Of The Islamic State Group?". International Business Times. Retrieved 11 June 2015.
  • ^ "A Top ISIS Leader Is Killed in an Airstrike, the Pentagon Says". The New York Times. 25 March 2016. Retrieved 26 March 2016.
  • ^ "U.S. confirms death of ISIS operative Omar al-Shishani". CNN. 14 March 2016. Retrieved 14 March 2016.
  • ^ "ISIS spokesman killed in Aleppo". CNN. 31 August 2016. Retrieved 31 August 2016.
  • ^ "U.S. drone strike kills a senior Islamic State militant in Syria"". The Washington Post. 3 July 2015. Retrieved 31 August 2016.
  • ^ "U.S. names ISIS commander killed in raid". CNN. 19 May 2015. Retrieved 31 August 2016.
  • ^ "U.S.: ISIS No.2 killed in U.S. drone strike in Iraq". CNN. 22 August 2015. Retrieved 31 August 2016.
  • ^ "Inside the leadership of Islamic State: how the new 'caliphate' is run". The Daily Telegraph. 9 July 2014. Retrieved 31 August 2016.
  • ^ "'High degree of certainty' that US strike killed Mohammed Emwazi". The Guardian. 13 November 2015. Retrieved 31 August 2016.
  • ^ "The Islamic State's Top Hacker Was Killed in a US Drone Strike". VICE. 28 August 2015. Retrieved 31 August 2016.
  • ^ "ISIS' chief singer and songwriter Maher Meshaal killed in Syria airstrikes, activists say". CBS News. 14 July 2015. Retrieved 31 August 2016.
  • ^ "American Douglas McAuthur McCain Dies Fighting for ISIS in Syria". NBC News. 29 August 2014. Retrieved 31 August 2016.
  • ^ [1] accessdate=2016-12-29
  • ^ "Syria military strength". Global Fire Power. 17 October 2015.
  • ^ "Syria's diminished security forces". Agence France-Presse. 28 August 2013. Retrieved 14 May 2014.
  • ^ ISIS’ Iraq offensive could trigger Hezbollah to fill gap left in Syria The Daily Star, 16 June 2014
  • ^ a b "Iran 'Foreign Legion' Leads Battle in Syria's North". The Wall Street Journal. 17 February 2016.
  • ^ "Russia's Syria force has reportedly grown to 4,000 people". Business Insider. 4 November 2015. Retrieved 4 November 2015. {{cite news}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter |authors= (help)
  • ^ Thomas Grove (18 December 2015). "Up to Nine Russian Contractors Die in Syria, Experts Say". The Wall Street Journal.
  • ^ "State-of-the-art technology is giving Assad's army the edge in Syria". 26 February 2016.
  • ^ Cockburn, Patrick (11 December 2013). "West suspends aid for Islamist rebels in Syria, underlining their disillusionment with those forces opposed to President Bashar al-Assad". The Independent.
  • ^ "Front to Back". Foreign Policy.
  • ^ "Syria crisis: Guide to armed and political opposition". BBC. 13 December 2013.
  • ^ "Factbox: Syria's rebel groups". Reuters. 9 January 2014. Retrieved 9 January 2014.
  • ^ "Al Qaida rebels leave mass grave behind as they desert base in Syria". 6 January 2014. Retrieved 8 January 2014.
  • ^ "Syrian rebel group offers 2000 jihadists to fight Houthis in Yemen". ZAMAN ALWSL.
  • ^ Who are these 70,000 Syrian fighters David Cameron is relying on?. Retrieved 18 February 2016.
  • ^ Syria: Surfacing of ‘Hai’at Tahrir al-Sham’ Threatens Truce
  • ^ "Isis ranks dwindle to 15,000 amid 'retreat on all fronts', claims Pentagon". The Guardian. 11 August 2016. Retrieved 13 August 2016.
  • ^ US Assistant Secretary of Defense tells Turkey only ISIS is a target, not Kurds
  • ^ ISIS' enemies line up to take Raqqa, but when -- and how?
  • ^ "Will the Islamic State last through 2015?". Today's Zaman. Retrieved 4 January 2015.
  • ^ "Kurdish Women Turning Kobani into a Living 'Hell' for Islamic State".
  • ^ a b c d e f g h i "About 450 thousand were killed and more than two millions were injured in 69 months of the start of the Syrian revolution". SOHR. 13 December 2016.
  • ^ a b c "Tantalizing promises of Bashar al- Assad kill more than 11000 fighters of his forces during 5 months". SOHR. 17 December 2014. Retrieved 15 December 2016.
  • ^ "Iran commands 25,000 Shi'ite fighters in Syria: Israeli official". Reuters. Retrieved 3 November 2016.
  • ^ "Media: Russian serviceman was killed during Russia's first day of operations in Syria last year". 16 December 2016. Retrieved 16 December 2016.
    Officer of Russia’s airborne troops killed in Syria
  • ^ "Three Russians killed in Syria: pro-government source". Yahoo News. 20 October 2015. Retrieved 21 October 2015.
    Thomas Grove (18 December 2015). "Up to Nine Russian Contractors Die in Syria, Experts Say". The Wall Street Journal.
    "Fontanka Investigates Russian Mercenaries Dying For Putin In Syria And Ukraine". 29 March 2016. Retrieved 29 March 2016.
    Another Russian soldier reportedly killed in Syria
  • ^ "Ali Alfoneh on Twitter".
  • ^ "Syria: Opposition, almost 11,500 civilians killed". Ansamed.ansa.it. 19 March 2012. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
  • ^ "Fırat Kalkanı Harekâtı'ndan acı haber".
  • ^ "IS executes over 3,000 in Syria in year-long ´caliphate´". Agence France-Presse. 28 June 2015.
    9 weeks of the “truce and cease of fight operations” kills almost 5,600 people in most of the Syrian provinces
    "81 executions during the 23rd month "the Islamic State's Caliphate" in Syria rise the number of executions carried out by the "Islamic State" to 4225". SOHR. Retrieved 29 May 2016.
    Thousands flee ISIS offensive in northern Syria
    The third US citizen fighter is killed in Manbij area and casualty number rises to about 1800 civilians and fighters
    "About 8500 persons including 3200 civilians killed by Russian warplanes in 11 months of bombing in Syria". SOHR. Retrieved 30 August 2016.
  • ^ "YPG releases balance-sheet of 2014: Nearly 5,000 ISIS members killed".
    "Balance of the War Against Hostile Groups in Rojava, Northern Syria: Year 2015".
    YPG releases the 2016 balance sheet of war
  • ^ "Syrian Army Kills Nearly 5,000 IS Militants in Three Months: Source". sputniknews.com. 25 December 2014.
    "The army takes full control of Palmyra city, hundreds of ISIS terrorists killed – Syrian Arab News Agency".
  • ^ Jonathan Steele. "The Syrian Kurds Are Winning!". The New York Review of Books. Retrieved 12 April 2016.
  • ^ YPG releases the 2016 balance sheet of war
  • ^ "Marine is first US death in operations against Islamic State". The Times of India. Retrieved 25 October 2014.
  • ^ "Jordan pilot murder: Islamic State deploys asymmetry of fear". 4 February 2015 – via www.bbc.com.
  • ^ "American Is Killed in First Casualty for U.S. Forces in Syria Combat". The New York Times. 24 November 2016.
  • ^ "Violations Documenting Center". Violations Documenting Center. 8 February 2017. Retrieved 8 February 2017.
  • ^ editor, Ian Black Middle East (10 February 2016). "Report on Syria conflict finds 11.5% of population killed or injured" – via The Guardian. {{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  • ^ NRC Handelsblad, 15 August 2016.
  • ^ "More than four million Syrian refugees in neighbouring countries, UN says". The Daily Telegraph. 9 July 2015.
  • ^ Tom Miles (9 July 2015). "Syria's neighbors now host four million of its refugees, U.N. says". Reuters.
  • ^ "UNHCR: Syrian Refugees Cross Four Million Mark". Al Jazeera.
  • ^ Thomas Gibbons-Neff (16 September 2016). "U.S. Special Operations forces begin new role alongside Turkish troops in Syria". The Washington Post. Retrieved 16 September 2016.
  • ^ Andrew Tilghman (November 16, 2016). "U.S. halts military support for Turkey's fight in key Islamic State town". MilitaryTimes. Retrieved January 4, 2017.
  • ^ "More than 215,000 killed in Syria since 2011". 3news.co.nz.
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