Tides Foundation is an American public charity and fiscal sponsor working to advance progressive causes and policy initiatives in areas such as the environment, health care, labor issues, immigrant rights, LGBTQ+ rights, women's rights and human rights. It was founded in San Francisco in 1976. Through donor advised funds, Tides distributes money from anonymous donors to other organizations, which are often politically liberal. It manages two centers in San Francisco and New York that offer collaborative spaces for social ventures and other nonprofits.
Since 1996, Tides has overseen the Tides Center, which is an incubator for smaller progressive organizations.[6] In 2004, Tides formed the Tides Shared Spaces offshoot which specializes in renting office space to nonprofit tenants.[7] In 2008, Stephanie Strom referred to Tides Network as the umbrella organization for these entities.[8]
History
Tides was founded in 1976 by Drummond Pike, who worked with Jane Bagley Lehman, heir to the R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company fortune.[9]: 265 [10] In the chapter entitled "The Givers" in his 2017 publication by the same name, The Givers: Wealth, Power, and Philanthropy in a New Gilded Age, which is a more recent edition of his 2010 book, Fortunes of Change: The Rise of the Liberal Rich and the Remaking of America, David Callahan wrote that Pike was an "entrepreneurial activist" and that Pike and his "wealthy friends" teamed up" to create Tides which "used donor-advised funds to direct resources to progressive causes."[9]: 202 Callahan, who is the co-founder of the think tank Demos, contrasted this with a similar approach taken by Donors Trust, an American non-profitdonor-advised fund that was founded in 1999 to safeguard the "intent of libertarian and conservative donors".[11][9]: 204, 205
Lehman served as the chair of the organization from its founding to her death in 1988.[12] Tides was conceived as a nationally oriented community foundation, and founded out of Pike's frustration with established philanthropy's perceived neglect of progressive issues.[13] He envisioned using fiscal sponsorship for progressive political activism.[14] Fiscal sponsorship uses a tax-exempt charity to provide financial support to a non-exempt project or organization, therefore lending it tax exemption as long as the charity retains control of the way its funds are spent.[15] He served as its CEO until he was replaced by Melissa L. Bradley in 2010.[16]
Pike founded a Canadian version of the organization, Tides Canada, in 2000.[17] Tides Canada, which is based in Vancouver, makes grants through its foundation and has a charity that supports environmental and social justice projects.[18] It consists of the Tides Canada Foundation and the Tides Canada Initiatives Society.[19][20]
By 2009, Tides allocated $75 million per year in donor money, most of which went to fund progressive political causes.[9]: 202 In 2011, Tides received about $90 million in funding, and awarded about $96 million to various individuals and organizations.[21]
Services
Tides makes charitable contributions through donor-advised and collective action funds and provides consulting, investment, fiscal management services, and collaborative workspaces for their partners in their New York City and San Francisco offices.[2]
In 2000, Tides launched a program called "Bridging the Economic Divide." It focused on funding living wage campaigns and economic justice coalitions. Tides also launched the Tides Death Penalty Mobilization Fund, which supports the anti-death penalty movement. The Michigan Partnership to Prevent Gun Violence was founded with support from Tides.[28]
Tides has received at least $3.5 million from liberal financier and political activist George Soros.[29]
From 2003 to 2012, Tides gave around $4.4 million to media advocacy organization Media Matters for America.[citation needed] It has stated that it supports the Occupy Wall Street movement. The CEO of Tides, Melissa L. Bradley, stated in a blog post in October 2011 that the movement "represents the best of American ideals and ingenuity."[30]
In 2008, the Advocacy Fund contributed to campaigns opposing Colorado Amendment 46, Colorado Amendment 47, Colorado Amendment 49 and Colorado Amendment 54.[34] The Advocacy Fund distributed $11.8 million in grants in 2013 to groups promoting immigration reform, increased worker protections, chemical safety legal reform, and increased investment in the solar energy industry.[35]
Wikimedia Foundation
The Wikimedia Foundation, the non-profit organization which manages Wikipedia, is closely tied to the Tides Foundation. The general counsel of Wikimedia, Amanda Keton, is the former general counsel of the Tides Network, the former head of Tides Foundation, and the former CEO of Tides Advocacy.[36] The multimillion-dollar Wikimedia Endowment, created in 2016, is managed by the Tides Foundation and has an advisory board appointed by Tides. In 2020, Wikimedia established the multimillion-dollar Wikimedia Foundation Knowledge Fund to be run by Tides Advocacy.[37]
^ abcdCallahan, David (2017) [2010]. The Givers: Wealth, Power, and Philanthropy in a New Gilded Age. Alfred A. Knopf. p. 343. ISBN978-1-101-97104-8.
^Callahan, David (August 8, 2010). Fortunes of Change: The Rise of the Liberal Rich and the Remaking of America (1st ed.). Hoboken, N.J: Wiley. ISBN978-0-470-17711-2.
Anheier, Helmut K.; Leat, Diana (2006). Creative Philanthropy: Toward a New Philanthropy for the Twenty-First Century. Routledge. ISBN9781134197651.
Kellow, Aynsley J. (2007). Science and Public Policy: The Virtuous Corruption of Virtual Environmental Science. Edward Elgar Publishing. ISBN9781847208767.
Manheim, Jarol B. (2004). Biz-War and the Out-of-Power Elite: The Progressive-Left Attack on the Corporation. Psychology Press. ISBN9780805850680.
McCarthy, Deborah; Faber, Daniel (2005). Foundations for Social Change: Critical Perspectives on Philanthropy and Popular Movements. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN9780742549883.