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m Jllm06 moved page Draft:Tunnel rock recyclingtoTunnel rock recycling: Publishing accepted Articles for creation submission (AFCH 0.9)
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Cleaning up accepted Articles for creation submission (AFCH 0.9)
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[[File:Plant processing tunnel rock.jpg|thumb|Processing plant at [[Amsteg]] in [[Switzerland]]. Processing tunnel rock from the Gotthard basis tunnel]] |
[[File:Plant processing tunnel rock.jpg|thumb|Processing plant at [[Amsteg]] in [[Switzerland]]. Processing tunnel rock from the Gotthard basis tunnel]] |
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{{AFC submission|t||ts=20180115130414|u=Tberdal|ns=118|demo=}}<!-- Important, do not remove this line before article has been created. --> |
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'''Tunnel rock recycling''' or utilization is a method to utilize the rock excavated from tunneling into other needed areas besides as a landfill. [[Concrete]] contains 50-80% aggregates from sand and gravel and could potentially benefit from using aggregates produced from excavated tunnel rock. |
'''Tunnel rock recycling''' or utilization is a method to utilize the rock excavated from tunneling into other needed areas besides as a landfill. [[Concrete]] contains 50-80% aggregates from sand and gravel and could potentially benefit from using aggregates produced from excavated tunnel rock. |
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| 16% |
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|<ref>Materialbewirtschaftung Zugwald-Tunnel 1987. 2001, Amberg Ingenieurbüro</ref> |
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| [[Gotthard Base Tunnel]] |
| [[Gotthard Base Tunnel]] |
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| 10%* |
| 10%* |
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| >20 |
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|<ref>http://agjv.no/no/component/content/article?id=6:innovation.</ref>,<ref> https://brage.bibsys.no/xmlui/bitstream/id/321874/Follobanen_st%C3%B8rst%20urban%20utfordrende%20raskere.pdf</ref> |
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| [[Lötschberg]] |
| [[Lötschberg]] |
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| 25% |
| 25% |
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| >0 |
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|<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nant_de_Drance_Hydropower_Plant</ref> |
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== References == |
== References == |
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{{AFC submission|||ts=20180115135958|u=Tberdal|ns=118}} |
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Tunnel rock recycling or utilization is a method to utilize the rock excavated from tunneling into other needed areas besides as a landfill. Concrete contains 50-80% aggregates from sand and gravel and could potentially benefit from using aggregates produced from excavated tunnel rock.
Today's road and railway tunnels are normally covered by concrete in the lining and portal. If the excavated rock was to be utilized as concrete aggregate it would be beneficial both economically and environmentally. It could be more value generating compared to using the excavated rock as landfill or filling up old quarries. Additionally, the need to transport could be significantly reduced as the utilization of the rock could be placed outside the tunnel portal with a processing facility and a concrete bathing plant. The investment cost of this facility would be repaid as the project could potentially be self-supplied on concrete.[1]
By 2018, 7 tunnel projects will have accomplished utilizing tunnel rock into concrete on an industrial level, either as shotcrete or concrete elements in TBM tunneling:
| Project | Country | Year | Km | Million tons(metric) | Utilization[%] | Diameter(mm) | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zugwald | Switzerland | NA- 1998 | 9.5 | 1.2 | 16% | >16 | [2] |
| Gotthard Base Tunnel | Switzerland | 1999-2016 | 57.1 | 28.7 | 23% | >0 | [3] |
| Koralm KAT2 | Austria | 2013-2023 | 21 | 8.6 | 17% | >16 | [4] |
| Follo line | Norway | 2016-2021 | 19.5 | 9 | 10%* | >20 | [5],[6] |
| Lötschberg | Switzerland | 1999-2007 | 34.6 | 16 | 29.1% | >0 | [7] |
| Linthal | Switzerland | 2010-2015 | 3.7 | 1 | 100% | >0 | [8] |
| Nant de Drance | Switzerland | 2008-2016 | 5.5 | 1.14 | 25% | >0 | [9] |
