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{{short description|Los Angeles-class nuclear-powered attack submarine of the US Navy}} |
{{short description|Los Angeles-class nuclear-powered attack submarine of the US Navy}} |
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{{other ships|USS Columbia}} |
{{other ships|USS Columbia}} |
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{{distinguish|USS Columbus (SSN-762)}} |
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{{Use American English|date=July 2015}} |
{{Use American English|date=July 2015}} |
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{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2015}} |
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2015}} |
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|Ship struck= |
|Ship struck= |
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|Ship reinstated= |
|Ship reinstated= |
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|Ship homeport= [[Pearl Harbor]] |
|Ship homeport= [[Joint Base Pearl Harbor–Hickam|Naval Station Pearl Harbor]] |
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|Ship identification= |
|Ship identification= |
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|Ship motto= ''Preserving Freedom On The Seas'' |
|Ship motto= ''Preserving Freedom On The Seas'' |
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== Service history == |
== Service history == |
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From March to May 1999, ''Columbia'' operated off the California coast, participating in exercises and making port visits.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=USS COLUMBIA (SSN 771) Command History - 1999 |url=https://www.history.navy.mil/content/dam/nhhc/research/archives/command-operation-reports/ship-command-operation-reports/c/columbia-ssn-771-viii/pdf/1999.pdf |access-date=June 5, 2022 |website=history.navy.mil}} The Navy's history branch has made just two of Columbia's [https://beta.history.navy.mil/research/archives/Collections/command-operations-reports/ships/c/columbia-ssn-771-viii.html annual command histories] public: 1995 and 1999. The histories from 1996, 2002, and 2005 are listed as "Classified, not available for posting"; while those from 1997, 1998, 2000, 2001, 2003, and 2004 are listed as "Not available for posting." The histories from 2006 and later are not mentioned.</ref> |
From March to May 1999, ''Columbia'' operated off the California coast, participating in exercises and making port visits.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=USS COLUMBIA (SSN 771) Command History - 1999 |url=https://www.history.navy.mil/content/dam/nhhc/research/archives/command-operation-reports/ship-command-operation-reports/c/columbia-ssn-771-viii/pdf/1999.pdf |access-date=June 5, 2022 |website=history.navy.mil}} The Navy's history branch has made just two of Columbia's [https://beta.history.navy.mil/research/archives/Collections/command-operations-reports/ships/c/columbia-ssn-771-viii.html annual command histories] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220606144212/https://beta.history.navy.mil/research/archives/Collections/command-operations-reports/ships/c/columbia-ssn-771-viii.html |date=6 June 2022 }} public: 1995 and 1999. The histories from 1996, 2002, and 2005 are listed as "Classified, not available for posting"; while those from 1997, 1998, 2000, 2001, 2003, and 2004 are listed as "Not available for posting." The histories from 2006 and later are not mentioned.</ref> |
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In 2011, the submarine deployed to the [[Western Pacific Ocean]] (WestPac), including a port visit at [[United States Fleet Activities Yokosuka|Yokosuka]], Japan.<ref>{{Cite web |title=USS Columbia |url=https://www.dvidshub.net/image/423057/uss-columbia |access-date=2022-06-05 |website=DVIDS |language=en}}</ref> |
In 2011, the submarine deployed to the [[Western Pacific Ocean]] (WestPac), including a port visit at [[United States Fleet Activities Yokosuka|Yokosuka]], Japan.<ref>{{Cite web |title=USS Columbia |url=https://www.dvidshub.net/image/423057/uss-columbia |access-date=2022-06-05 |website=DVIDS |language=en}}</ref> |
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In October 2018, the submarine began a [[RCOH|mid-life overhaul]] at Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard and Intermediate Maintenance Facility. She left [[dry dock]] on 16 July 2020<ref>{{Cite web |date=August 20, 2020 |title=Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard & IMF successfully undocks USS Columbia (SSN 771) |url=https://www.navsea.navy.mil/Media/News/SavedNewsModule/Article/2320276/pearl-harbor-naval-shipyard-imf-successfully-undocks-uss-columbia-ssn-771/ |access-date=2022-06-05 |website=Naval Sea Systems Command |language=en-US}}</ref> and returned to the Navy on 17 May 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |date=May 19, 2021 |title=Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard Completes USS Columbia Availability |url=https://www.pacom.mil/Media/News/News-Article-View/Article/2624376/pearl-harbor-naval-shipyard-completes-uss-columbia-availability/ |access-date=2022-06-05 |website=U.S. Indo-Pacific Command |language=en-US}}</ref> |
In October 2018, the submarine began a [[RCOH|mid-life overhaul]] at Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard and Intermediate Maintenance Facility. She left [[dry dock]] on 16 July 2020<ref>{{Cite web |date=August 20, 2020 |title=Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard & IMF successfully undocks USS Columbia (SSN 771) |url=https://www.navsea.navy.mil/Media/News/SavedNewsModule/Article/2320276/pearl-harbor-naval-shipyard-imf-successfully-undocks-uss-columbia-ssn-771/ |access-date=2022-06-05 |website=Naval Sea Systems Command |language=en-US}}</ref> and returned to the Navy on 17 May 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |date=May 19, 2021 |title=Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard Completes USS Columbia Availability |url=https://www.pacom.mil/Media/News/News-Article-View/Article/2624376/pearl-harbor-naval-shipyard-completes-uss-columbia-availability/ |access-date=2022-06-05 |website=U.S. Indo-Pacific Command |language=en-US}}</ref> |
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In September 2021, |
In September 2021, ''Columbia'' participated in the 62nd annual [[UNITAS]] exercise off South America.<ref>{{Cite web |title=UNITAS LXII Opening Ceremony Takes Place in Lima |url=https://www.navy.mil/Press-Office/News-Stories/Article/2790074/unitas-lxii-opening-ceremony-takes-place-in-lima/ |access-date=2022-06-05 |website=United States Navy |language=en-US}}</ref> |
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=== 2019 shooting === |
=== 2019 shooting === |
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On 4 December 2019, while |
On 4 December 2019, while ''Columbia'' was in dry dock, a crew member on guard duty shot and killed two civilian employees and injured another before shooting and killing himself. [[Machinist's mate|Machinist's Mate]] Auxiliary Fireman Gabriel Romero, 22, used duty weapons issued to him as a member of the submarine's Topside Roving Patrol. Later investigation by the Navy determined that Romero was "likely unfit" for service on a submarine and that officers and senior enlisted sailors aboard ''Columbia'' had failed to recognize and coordinate action on his deteriorating mental state.<ref>{{Cite web |title=CASE STUDY: Kinetic Violence – Murder/Suicide |url=https://www.cdse.edu/Portals/124/Documents/casestudies/case-study-gabriel-romero.pdf |access-date=6 June 2022 |website=Defense Counterintelligence and Security Agency}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-09-29 |title=Investigation Finds USS Columbia Shooter Was Likely Unfit to Serve on Submarines |url=https://news.usni.org/2020/09/29/investigation-finds-uss-columbia-shooter-was-likely-unfit-to-serve-on-submarines |access-date=2022-06-06 |website=USNI News |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ziezulewicz |first=Geoff |date=2020-09-29 |title=A troubled sailor was 'underdiagnosed' by mental health officials before mass shooting |url=https://www.navytimes.com/news/your-navy/2020/09/29/a-troubled-sailor-was-underdiagnosed-by-mental-health-officials-before-mass-shooting/ |access-date=2022-06-06 |website=Navy Times |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=December 6, 2019 |title=Navy Announces Three Deaths in Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard Shooting |url=https://www.navy.mil/Press-Office/Press-Releases/display-pressreleases/Article/2237628/navy-announces-three-deaths-in-pearl-harbor-naval-shipyard-shooting/ |access-date=June 6, 2022 |website=Navy.mil}}</ref> |
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==Awards== |
==Awards== |
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==Future U.S. submarine of the name== |
==Future U.S. submarine of the name== |
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On 25 July 2016, Navy Secretary [[Ray Mabus]] announced that the lead ship of the planned {{sclass|Columbia|submarine|4}} of [[ballistic missile submarine]]s would also be named {{USS|Columbia|SSBN-826|3}}, after the [[Washington, D.C.|District of Columbia]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.usni.org/2016/07/28/ohio-replacement-sub-class-named-d-c|title=Navy Ohio Replacement Sub Class to Be Named for D.C.|publisher=usni.org|date=29 July 2019|access-date=24 February 2022}}</ref> This raised the possibility that the attack sub ''Columbia'' might still be in active when the new ballistic missile sub was commissioned in 2031, although the attack sub would be 37 years old by that point. As of 2022, 36 [[List of Los Angeles-class submarines|''Los Angeles''-class boats]] have been retired, and only three were in service longer than 37 years. |
On 25 July 2016, Navy Secretary [[Ray Mabus]] announced that the lead ship of the planned {{sclass|Columbia|submarine|4}} of [[ballistic missile submarine]]s would also be named {{USS|Columbia|SSBN-826|3}}, after the [[Washington, D.C.|District of Columbia]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.usni.org/2016/07/28/ohio-replacement-sub-class-named-d-c|title=Navy Ohio Replacement Sub Class to Be Named for D.C.|publisher=usni.org|date=29 July 2019|access-date=24 February 2022}}</ref> This raised the possibility that the attack sub ''Columbia'' might still be in active service when the new ballistic missile sub was commissioned in 2031, although the attack sub would be 37 years old by that point. As of 2022, 36 [[List of Los Angeles-class submarines|''Los Angeles''-class boats]] have been retired, and only three were in service longer than 37 years. |
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On 3 June 2022, the Navy announced that the new sub would be named USS ''District of Columbia'' to eliminate the possibility that two ships in commission might bear the same name,<ref>{{Cite web |title=SECNAV Names SSBN 826 USS District of Columbia |url=https://www.navy.mil/Press-Office/News-Stories/Article/3052632/secnav-names-ssbn-826-uss-district-of-columbia/ |access-date=2022-06-04 |website=United States Navy |language=en-US}}</ref> which is forbidden by federal law.<ref>{{Cite web |last=O'Rourke |first=Ronald |date=June 13, 2022 |title=Navy Ship Names: Background for Congress |url=https://sgp.fas.org/crs/weapons/RS22478.pdf |access-date=August 17, 2022 |website=Federation of American Scientists |publisher=Congressional Research Service}}</ref> |
On 3 June 2022, the Navy announced that the new sub would be named USS ''District of Columbia'' to eliminate the possibility that two ships in commission might bear the same name,<ref>{{Cite web |title=SECNAV Names SSBN 826 USS District of Columbia |url=https://www.navy.mil/Press-Office/News-Stories/Article/3052632/secnav-names-ssbn-826-uss-district-of-columbia/ |access-date=2022-06-04 |website=United States Navy |language=en-US}}</ref> which is forbidden by federal law.<ref>{{Cite web |last=O'Rourke |first=Ronald |date=June 13, 2022 |title=Navy Ship Names: Background for Congress |url=https://sgp.fas.org/crs/weapons/RS22478.pdf |access-date=August 17, 2022 |website=Federation of American Scientists |publisher=Congressional Research Service}}</ref> |
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History | |
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Name | USS Columbia |
Namesake | Cities of Columbia, South Carolina, Columbia, Missouri, and Columbia, Illinois |
Awarded | 14 December 1988 |
Builder | General Dynamics Electric Boat |
Laid down | 21 April 1993 |
Launched | 24 September 1994 |
Sponsored by | Hillary Clinton |
Christened | 24 September 1994 |
Completed | 24 September 1994 |
Commissioned | 9 October 1995 |
Homeport | Naval Station Pearl Harbor |
Motto | Preserving Freedom On The Seas |
Status | in active service |
Badge | ![]() |
General characteristics | |
Class and type | Los Angeles-class submarine |
Displacement | |
Length | 110.3 m (361 ft 11 in) |
Beam | 10 m (32 ft 10 in) |
Draft | 9.4 m (30 ft 10 in) |
Propulsion | |
Speed | Surface: About 15 knots. Submerged: About 32 knots. |
Complement | 12 officers, 110 men |
Armament |
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USS Columbia (SSN-771) is the 21st flight III, or Improved (688i) Los Angeles-class attack submarine of the United States Navy. Commissioned in 1995, the submarine is assigned to Submarine Squadron 7 and homeported in Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam.[3]
Columbia is the eighth U.S. warship to bear the name, though the first to be named for three cities: Columbia, Illinois, Columbia, Missouri and Columbia, South Carolina.
The contract to build Columbia was awarded to the Electric Boat Division of General Dynamics Corporation in Groton, Connecticut, on 14 December 1988 and her keel was laid down on 21 April 1993. She was the 33rd Los Angeles-class boat built by Electric Boat, and was launched on 24 September 1994 with the slide down a 1,300-foot wooden ramp, the last American submarine to do so, giving her the title of "The Last Slider". Columbia was sponsoredbyHillary Clinton, and commissioned on 9 October 1995.
From March to May 1999, Columbia operated off the California coast, participating in exercises and making port visits.[4]
In 2011, the submarine deployed to the Western Pacific Ocean (WestPac), including a port visit at Yokosuka, Japan.[5]
In May 2014, Columbia left on another western Pacific deployment, again stopping in Yokosuka on 5 November[6] and returning to her homeport of Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam on 21 November.[7]
In 2016, Columbia deployed on a six-month patrol in the western Pacific, making port visits at Yokosuka[8][9] and Sasebo, Japan,[10] and Guam.
In 2018, the sub made another WestPac deployment, stopping at Yokosuka in May.[11]
In October 2018, the submarine began a mid-life overhaul at Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard and Intermediate Maintenance Facility. She left dry dock on 16 July 2020[12] and returned to the Navy on 17 May 2021.[13]
In September 2021, Columbia participated in the 62nd annual UNITAS exercise off South America.[14]
On 4 December 2019, while Columbia was in dry dock, a crew member on guard duty shot and killed two civilian employees and injured another before shooting and killing himself. Machinist's Mate Auxiliary Fireman Gabriel Romero, 22, used duty weapons issued to him as a member of the submarine's Topside Roving Patrol. Later investigation by the Navy determined that Romero was "likely unfit" for service on a submarine and that officers and senior enlisted sailors aboard Columbia had failed to recognize and coordinate action on his deteriorating mental state.[15][16][17][18]
In July 2015, the ship was awarded the Arleigh Burke Fleet Trophy, as the Pacific Fleet ship that improved the most in the previous year, based on the Battle Efficiency Competition.[7]
On 25 July 2016, Navy Secretary Ray Mabus announced that the lead ship of the planned Columbia classofballistic missile submarines would also be named Columbia (SSBN-826), after the District of Columbia.[19] This raised the possibility that the attack sub Columbia might still be in active service when the new ballistic missile sub was commissioned in 2031, although the attack sub would be 37 years old by that point. As of 2022, 36 Los Angeles-class boats have been retired, and only three were in service longer than 37 years.
On 3 June 2022, the Navy announced that the new sub would be named USS District of Columbia to eliminate the possibility that two ships in commission might bear the same name,[20] which is forbidden by federal law.[21]
This article includes information collected from the Naval Vessel Register, which, as a U.S. government publication, is in the public domain.
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