→Naming conventions: Native, Indigenous, Indian, etc: The past discussions about Wikipedia consensus should be the actual reference note
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{{Shortcut|WP:INDIGENOUS}} |
{{Shortcut|WP:INDIGENOUS}} |
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"Native American" |
*"Native American" and "Indian" are capitalized when referring to individuals and their citizenship. Numerous style guides have suggested that "Indigenous" should also be capitalized, though this position has not gained consensus on Wikipedia.{{efn|1= See past discussions: |
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*[[Wikipedia talk:Manual of Style/Capital letters/Archive 36#MOS:RACECAPS]] |
*[[Wikipedia talk:Manual of Style/Capital letters/Archive 36#MOS:RACECAPS]] |
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*[[Wikipedia talk:Manual of Style/Capital letters/Archive 35#Cap Indigenous?]]}} |
*[[Wikipedia talk:Manual of Style/Capital letters/Archive 35#Cap Indigenous?]]}} Though Indigenous identities are not racial, they are usually treated with the same guidelines as ethnic and racial terms. Here are some style guides and reporter's guidelines: |
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⚫ | **[[The Associated Press]]: [https://apnews.com/article/race-and-ethnicity-us-news-business-ap-top-news-racial-injustice-71386b46dbff8190e71493a763e8f45a "The news organization will also now capitalize Indigenous in reference to original inhabitants of a place."] |
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⚫ | **[[APA style]]: [https://apastyle.apa.org/style-grammar-guidelines/bias-free-language/racial-ethnic-minorities APA Style - Racial and Ethnic Identity]. Section 5.7 of the APA Publication Manual, Seventh Edition, September 2019."Capitalize 'Indigenous' and 'Aboriginal' whenever they are used. Capitalize 'Indigenous People' or 'Aboriginal People' when referring to a specific group (e.g., the Indigenous Peoples of Canada), but use lowercase for 'people' when describing persons who are Indigenous or Aboriginal (e.g., 'the authors were all Indigenous people but belonged to different nations')." |
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⚫ | **[[The Chicago Manual of Style]]: [https://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/qanda/data/faq/topics/Capitalization/faq0106.html Capitalization]: "We would capitalize 'Indigenous' in both contexts: that of Indigenous people and groups, on the one hand, and Indigenous culture and society, on the other. Lowercase 'indigenous' would be reserved for contexts in which the term does not apply to Indigenous people in any sense—for example, indigenous plant and animal species." |
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⚫ | **[[Native American Journalists Association]]: [https://web.archive.org/web/20181116050310/https://www.naja.com/reporter-s-indigenous-terminology-guide/ Reporter's Indigenous Terminology Guide], [http://web.archive.org/web/20181218222154/https://www.naja.com/resources/naja-ap-style-guide/ NAJA AP Style Guide], [https://web.archive.org/web/20181215225843/https://www.naja.com/sites/naja/uploads/images/NAJA-Experts2.pdf "So you need an Indigenous Expert... Start here"] |
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⚫ | **The [[United Nations]] updated their [https://www.un.org/dgacm/en/content/editorial-manual/Capitalization#I Editorial Manual] to include that "Indigenous should be capitalized when referring to cultures, communities, lands, languages, etc., of Indigenous Peoples, e.g.: Indigenous culture in Ecuador, Indigenous languages are dying out. If referring to flora or fauna, lower case should be used." |
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*These are terms of citizenship, not race. (For Wikipedia guidelines, see [[MOS:CITIZEN]].) |
*These are terms of citizenship, not race. (For Wikipedia guidelines, see [[MOS:CITIZEN]].) |
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*Terminology varies by both generation and region. While some editors try to remove "Indian" from Wikipedia, it is still used in the official titles of many Indigenous groups and organizations, such as the [[American Indian College Fund]] and ''[[Indian Country Today]]''. It is also the personal terminology preferred by some Indigenous individuals. |
*Terminology varies by both generation and region. While some editors try to remove "Indian" from Wikipedia, it is still used in the official titles of many Indigenous groups and organizations, such as the [[American Indian College Fund]] and ''[[Indian Country Today]]''. It is also the personal terminology preferred by some Indigenous individuals. |
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==Self-identification== |
==Self-identification== |
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{{shortcut|WP:Autonym}} |
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The names an ethnic group or Indigenous government self-identifies should be considered. If their autonym is commonly used in English, it would be the best article title. Any terms regarded as derogatory by members of the ethnic group in question should be avoided. |
The names an ethnic group or Indigenous government self-identifies should be considered. If their autonym is commonly used in English, it would be the best article title. Any terms regarded as derogatory by members of the ethnic group in question should be avoided. |
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![]() | This guideline documents an English Wikipedia naming convention. Editors should generally follow it, though exceptions may apply. Substantive edits to this page should reflect consensus. When in doubt, discuss first on the talk page. |
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All naming conventions |
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Formatting |
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This guideline contains conventions on how to name Wikipedia articles about peoples, ethnicities, and tribes. It should be read in conjunction with Wikipedia's general policy on article naming. This guideline explains how to handle cases where this format is not obvious, or for one reason or other is not followed.
There are several acceptable conventions for naming articles about ethnic groups. When deciding how to name such an article, consider the article title criteria. In general, the common English-language term for an ethnic group should be used. In many cases, the most concise title will be a plural demonym, e.g. BretonsorSwedes. Note that in some cases, the common plural form is a mass noun that is the same as the singular form, as with Batak, Cherokee, or Wodaabe.
In cases where no plural demonym exists, or where that demonym is ambiguous and not the primary topic, other forms can be used. The most common method of disambiguation is to add "people" to the end of the common singular form to create natural disambiguation, e.g. Chinese people (asChinese is ambiguous). In articles describing multiple ethnic groups, "peoples" is pluralized, for example, Austronesian peoples. In some cases, parenthetical disambiguation will be necessary, especially when there are more than one ethnic group that share a name. Add a distinguishing term in parentheses after the common name. For example, Gavião (Jê) and Gavião (Rondônia) distinguish the two peoples from each other and other topics named Gavião.
Examples of use on the English Wikipedia are provided below:
Pattern | Examples |
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Plural demonym | Koreans · Germans · Swedes · Arab Canadians |
Mass noun demonyms | British Chinese · Iyer · Navajo |
Adjectival with "people" | French people · Wauja people |
Adjectival with "peoples" | Circumpolar peoples · Turkic peoples |
Parenthetical disambiguation | Macedonians (ethnic group) |
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The examples and perspective in this article may not represent a worldwide view of the subject. You may improve this article, discuss the issue on the talk page, or create a new article, as appropriate. (Learn how and when to remove this message)
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Native American and Indigenous Canadian groups are defined primarily by citizenship. It is not a racial designation. The term "tribe" or "tribal nation" is only appropriate in Wikipedia titles if that is the official name for the group in question. Follow the naming conventions used in quality, well-sourced articles, and in the sources produced by the people, tribe, band, or nation in question. For instance:
For guidelines on writing about Indigenous identity on Wikipedia, especially in BLPs, see This essay by the Indigenous wikiproject for North America, and in particular, this section with examples.
Use of the singular titles for ethnic groups is generally deprecated in favor of plural titles. Notably, a October–November 2015 request for comment determined that articles about American ethnic groups, which had largely used singular titles, such as African American and Chinese American, should use titles rendered in the plural, e.g. African Americans and Chinese Americans. Note that mass nouns may be the same as the singular form; these are acceptable if they are the common name.
Forms that require a definite article should not be used, e.g. French people is used instead of the French. Gendered terminology should also be avoided, e.g. English people is used instead of Englishmen.
The names an ethnic group or Indigenous government self-identifies should be considered. If their autonym is commonly used in English, it would be the best article title. Any terms regarded as derogatory by members of the ethnic group in question should be avoided.
Individual self-identification is insufficient to determine Indigenous identity. Confirmation must come from the group in question. See WP:NDNID.
Disputes over how to refer to a group are addressed by policies such as Verifiability, Neutral point of view, Article titles, and English. Undiscussed, unilateral moves of widely edited articles are discouraged. Feel free to ask for advice on Indigenous articles at the wikiproject.