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William Rutter Dawes (19 March 1799 – 15 February 1868) was an English astronomer .
Biography
Dawes was born at Christ's Hospital [1] then in the City of London (it moved to Horsham , West Sussex in 1902),[2] the son of William Dawes , also an astronomer, and Judith Rutter.[3]
Dawes was a clergyman who made extensive measurements of double stars as well as observations of planets . He was a friend of William Lassell . He was nicknamed "eagle eye". He set up his private observatory at his home in Haddenham, Buckinghamshire . One of his telescopes, an eight-inch (200mm) aperture refractor by Cooke , survives at the Cambridge Observatory where it is known as the Thorrowgood Telescope.
He made extensive drawings of Mars during its 1864 opposition . In 1867, Richard Anthony Proctor made a map of Mars based on these drawings.
He won the Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society in 1855.
Dawes craters on the Moon and Dawes crater on Mars are named after him, as is a gap within Saturn 's C Ring .
An optical phenomenon, the Dawes limit , is named after him.
Dawes married twice. His first wife was Mary Scott née Egerton (1764-1840). They married on 13 January 1824 at Haddenham, Buckinghamshire[4] . She was the widow of his tutor, Thomas Scott [5] . On 28 July 1842 Dawes married Ann Welsby née Coupland (1805-1860)[5] . She was the widow of Ormskirk solicitor John Welsby (1800-1839)[5] whom she had married on 16 January 1824[6] .
Selected writings
References
^ Hockey, Thomas (2009). The Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers . Springer Publishing . ISBN 978-0-387-31022-0 . Retrieved 22 August 2012 .
^ Buckinghamshire Marriage Index, findmypast (subscription required)
^ a b c Marriott, R A, Dawes, William Rutter (1799–1868) Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (via libraries)
^ England Marriages 1538-1973, findmypast (subscription required)
Further reading
Ashbrook, Joseph (1984). The Astronomical Scrapbook . Cambridge, Massachusetts: Sky Publishing. pp. 360–365. (Adapted from Sky & Telescope , July 1973, page 27)
Hoskin, Michael (1970–1980). "Dawes, William Rutter". Dictionary of Scientific Biography . Vol. 3. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. pp. 605–606. ISBN 978-0-684-10114-9 .
External links
Clerke, Agnes Mary (1888). "Dawes, William Rutter" . In Stephen, Leslie (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography . Vol. 14. London: Smith, Elder & Co. pp. 217–218.
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 1855, 15 , 148 - Awarding of RAS gold medal
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 1869, 29 , 116 - Obituary
The Observatory , 1913, 36 , 419 - Brief biography
McKim, R., Marriott, R. A., "Dawes' Observations Of Mars, 1864-65 ", Journal of the British Astronomical Association , vol.98, no.6, p.294-300, October 1988.
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